maintainer: Anita Risch

en: exclusion invertebrates swiss-national-park grazing vertebrates subalpine ecosystem-coupling grassland ecosystem-multifunctionality ecosystem-functions

en: Datafile

en:
ID: Plot ID composited of Fence & Treatment number (90 plots total)

Grassland: Name of the six subalpine grasslands where the exclosure setups were erected. In large grasslands (GRIM, MING, STAB), we established four hierarchical exclosure setups (two in short- and two in tall-grass vegetation), whereas in the small grasslands (BOTS, DADA, MARG) only one setup was erected per vegetation type. BOTS = Val dal Botsch, GRIM = Grimmels, MING = Val Mingér, STAB = Alp Stabelchod, DADA = Stabelchod da daint, MARG = Margunet

Fence: Number of exclosure setup (1 - 18). Note that uneven numbers (1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17) represent setups established on short-grass vegetation, even numbers (2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18) setups established in tall-grass vegetation
Vegetation	Vegetation type, 1 = short-grass vegetation, 2 = tall-grass vegetation; (9 replicate fences on each vegetation type)
Treatment	Progressive animal exclusion, numbers indicate which animals had access to the plot: 1 = Large/medium/small mammals, and invertebrates have access ("L/M/S/I"), 2 = Medium/small mammals, and invertebrates have access (“M/S/I”), 3 = Small mammals and invertebrates have access (“S/I”), 4 = Invertebrates have access (“I”), 5 = No animals have access (“None”)

Bulkden:	Fine fraction soil bulk density (g cm-3)

Soil.moist	: Soil moisture (%)

Soil.org.C: Rhizosphere soil C content (%)

pH: Soil pH

Nema.PC1: First principal component (PC1) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil nematode community composition

Nema.PC2: Second principal component (PC2) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil nematode community composition

Micro.PC1: 	First principal component (PC1) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil microbial community composition

Micro.PC2: Second principal component (PC2) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil microbial community composition

Abv.Inv.PC1: First principal component (PC1) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the aboveground-dwelling invertebrate community composition

Abv.Inv.PC2: Second principal component (PC2) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the aboveground-dwelling invertebrate community composition

Arthr.PC1: First principal component (PC1) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil arthropod community composition

Arthr.PC2: Second principal component (PC2) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil arthropod community composition

Plant.PC1: First principal component (PC1) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the plant community composition

Plant.PC2: Second principal component (PC2) of principal component analysis (PCA) of the plant community composition

Root.biomass: Root biomass (g m-2)

Micro.biomass	: Microbial biomass carbon (mg kg-1)

Plant.richness: Plant species richness

Plant.N: Plant tissue nitrogen content (%)

Soil.N.min: Soil net nitrogen mineralisation (kg ha-1 season)

Soil.resp: Soil carbon dioxide emissions (soil respiration; g m-2 h-1)

en:
This dataset contains all data on which the following publication below is based.

Paper Citation:
 > Risch AC, Ochoa-Hueso R, van der Putten WH, Bump JK, Busse MD, Frey B, Gwiazdowicz DJ, Page-Dumroese DS, Vandegehuchte ML, Zimmermann S, Schütz M. Size-dependent loss of aboveground animals differentially affects grassland ecosystem coupling and functions. 2018. Nature Communications 9: 3684. [doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06105-4](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06105-4).

Please cite this paper together with the citation for the datafile.

#Methods
Study sites
The experimental exclosure setups were installed within the SNP (IUCN category Ia preserve; Dudley 2008), in south-eastern Switzerland. The park covers 172 km2 of forests and subalpine and alpine grasslands along with scattered rock outcrops and scree slopes. The entire area has been protected from human impact (no hunting, fishing, camping or off-trail hiking) since 1914. Large, fairly homogenous patches of short- and tall-grass vegetation, which originate from different historical management and grazing regimes, cover the park’s subalpine grasslands entirely. Short-grass vegetation developed in areas where cattle used to rest (nutrient input) prior to the park’s foundation (14th century to 1914) (Schütz and others 2003, 2006) and is dominated by lawn grass species such as Festuca rubra L., Briza media L. and Agrostis capillaris L. (Schütz and others 2003, 2006). Today, this vegetation type is intensively grazed by diverse vertebrate and invertebrate communities that inhabit the park and consume up to 60% of the available biomass (Risch and others 2013). Tall-grass vegetation developed where cattle formerly grazed, but did not rest, and is dominated by rather nutrient-poor tussocks of Carex sempervirens Vill. and Nardus stricta L. (Schütz and others 2003, 2006). This vegetation type receives considerably less grazing, with only roughly 20% of the biomass consumed (Risch and others 2013). Consequently, the two vegetation types together represent a long-term trajectory of changes in grazing regimes. Underlying bedrock of all grasslands is dolomite, which renders these grasslands rather poor in nutrients regardless of former and current land-use regimes.
Experimental design
To progressively exclude aboveground vertebrate and invertebrate animals, we established 18 size-selective exclosure setups (nine in short-grass, nine in tall-grass vegetation) distributed over six subalpine grasslands across the SNP (Risch and others 2013, 2015). Elevation differences of exclosure locations did not exceed 350 m (between 1975 and 2300 m a.s.l.). The exclosures were established immediately after snowmelt in spring 2009 and were left in place for five consecutive growing seasons (until end of 2013). They were, however, temporarily dismantled every fall (late October after first snowfall) to protect them from avalanches. They were re-established in the same location every spring immediately after snowmelt. Each size-selective exclosure setup consisted of five plots (2 x 3 m) that progressively excluded aboveground vertebrates and invertebrates from large to small. The plots are labelled according to the guilds that had access to them “L/M/S/I”, “M/S/I”, “S/I”, “I”, “None”; L = large mammals, M = medium mammals, S = small mammals, I = invertebrates, None = no animals had access. As we only had permission to have the experimental setup in place for five consecutive growing seasons, the experiment had to be completely dismantled in the late fall of 2013 and all material removed from the SNP.
Our exclosure design was aimed at excluding mammalian herbivores, but naturally also excluded the few medium and small mammalian predators, as well as the entire aboveground invertebrate food web. A total of 26 large to small mammal species can be found in the SNP, but large apex predators are missing (wolf, bear, lynx) . Reptiles, amphibians and birds are scarce to absent in the subalpine grasslands under study. Only two reptile species occur in the park and they are confined to rocky areas that warm up enough for them to survive. One frog species spawns in an isolated pond far from our grasslands. Only three bird species occasionally feed on the subalpine grasslands. Using game cameras (Moultrie 6MP Game Spy I-60 Infrared Digital Game Camera, Moultrie Feeders, Alabaster, AL, USA), we did observe that the medium- and small-sized mammals (marmot/hares and mice) were not afraid to enter the fences and feed on their designated plots. We never spotted reptiles, amphibians or birds on camera. We distinguished between 59 higher aboveground-dwelling invertebrate taxa that our size-selective exclosures excluded (see also methods for aboveground-dwelling invertebrates below).
The “L/M/S/I” plot (not fenced) was located at least 5 m from the 2.1 m tall and 7 x 9 m large main electrical fence that enclosed the other four plots. The bottom wire of this fence was mounted at 0.5 m height and was not electrified to enable safe access for medium and small mammals, while fencing out the large ones. Within each main fence, we randomly established four 2 x 3 m plots separated by 1-m wide walkways from one another and from the main fence line: 1) the “M/S/I” plots were unfenced, allowing access to all but the large mammals; 2) the “S/I” plots (10 x 10 cm electrical mesh fence) excluded all medium-sized mammals. Note that the bottom 10 cm of this fence remained non-electrified to enable safe access for small mammals; 3) the “I” plots (2 x 2 cm metal mesh fence) excluded all mammals. We double-folded the mesh at the bottom 50 cm to reduce the mesh size to smaller than 1 x 1 cm openings; and 4) the “None” plots were surrounded by a 1 m tall mosquito net (1.5 x 2 mm) to exclude all animals. The top of the plot was covered with a mosquito-meshed wooden frame mounted to the corner posts (roof). We treated these plots a few times with biocompatible insecticide (Clean kill original, Eco Belle GmbH, Waldshut-Tiengen, Germany) to remove insects that might have entered during data collection or that hatched from the soil, but amounts were negligible and did not impact soil moisture conditions within these plots.
To assess whether the design of the “None” exclosure (mesh and roof) affected the response variables within the plots and, therefore, influenced the results, we established an additional six “micro-climate control” exclosures (one in each of the six grasslands) (Risch and others 2013, 2015). These exclosures were built as the “None” exclosures but were open at the bottom (20 cm) of the 3-m side of the fence facing away from the prevailing wind direction to allow invertebrates to enter. A 20-cm high and 3-m long strip of metal mesh was used to block access to small mammals. Thus, this construction allowed a comparable micro-climate to the “None” plots, but also a comparable feeding pressure by invertebrates to the “I” plots. We compared various properties within these exclosures against one another to assess if our construction altered the conditions in the “None” plots. We showed that differences in plant (e.g., vegetation height, aboveground biomass) and soil properties (e.g., soil temperature, moisture) found between the “I” and the “None” treatments were not due to the construction of the “None” exclosure, but a function of animal exclusions, although the amount of UV light reaching the plant canopy was significantly reduced (Risch and others 2013).
Aboveground invertebrate sampling
Aboveground invertebrates were sampled with two different methods to capture both ground- and plant-dwelling organisms: 1) we randomly placed two pitfall traps (67 mm in diameter, covered with a roof) filled with 20% propylene glycol in one 1 x 1 m subplot of the 2 x 3 m treatment plots in spring 2013 (May) and emptied them every two weeks until late September 2013 (Vandegehuchte and others 2017b, 2018). A pitfall trap consisted of a plastic cylinder (13 cm depth, 6.75 cm diameter). Within each cylinder we placed a 100 ml plastic vial with outer diameter 6.70 cm and on top of the cylinder we placed a plastic funnel to guide the invertebrates into the vials. Each trap was cover with a cone-shaped and transparent plastic roof to protect the trap from rain (Vandegehuchte and others 2017b, 2018). Note that in the “None” plots only one trap was placed as control to check for effectiveness of the exclosure. 2) We vacuumed all invertebrates from a 60 x 60 cm area on another 1 x 1 m subplot with a suction sampler (Vortis, Burkhard manufacturing CO, Ltd., Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, UK) every month from June to September 2013 (Vandegehuchte and others 2017b, 2018). For this purpose, we quickly placed a square plastic frame (60 x 60 x 40 cm) with a closable mosquito mesh sleeve attached to the top edge into the plot from the outside. The suction sample was then inserted into through the sleeve and operated for 45 s to collect the invertebrates (Vandegehuchte and others 2017b, 2018).
We sorted the ≈100 000 individuals collected with both methods by hand and identified each individual morphologically to the lowest taxonomic level feasible (59 taxa, including orders, suborders, subfamilies, families; phylum for Mollusca). These taxa belonged to the following feeding types: 19 herbivores, 16 detritivores, 9 predators, 8 mixed feeders, 5 omnivores and 2 non-classified feeders (or not feeding as adults) (Vandegehuchte and others 2017b). We summed the numbers from the two pitfall traps and the suction sampling over the course of the 2013 season to represent the aboveground invertebrate abundance and community composition of a plot. Note: we did not specifically attempt to catch flying invertebrates with e.g., sticky traps, thus a few flying insects may have been missed with our vacuum sampling approach.
Sampling of plant properties
The vascular plant species composition was assessed at peak biomass every summer (July) by estimating the frequency of occurrence of each species with the pin count method in each plot (Frank and McNaughton 1990). A total of 172 taxa occurred within our 90 plots and we calculated plant species richness for each plot separately. We used the 2013 data in this study. Plant quality was assessed every year in July and September; here we use plant quality at the end of the experiment (September 2013). Two 10 x 100 cm wide strips of vegetation per plot were clipped, combined, dried at 65°C, and ground (Pulverisette 16, Fritsch, Idar-Oberstein, Germany) to pass through a 0.5 mm sieve. Twenty randomly selected samples across all treatments were analysed for N (Leco TruSpec Analyser, Leco, St. Joseph, Michigan, USA) (Vandegehuchte and others 2015). Nitrogen concentrations of the other samples were then estimated from models established for the experiment and the entire SNP relating Fourier transform-near infrared reflectance (FT-NIR) spectra to the measured values of N using a multi-purpose FT-NIR spectrometer (Bruker Optics, Fällanden, Switzerland) (Vandegehuchte and others 2015). Root biomass was sampled every fall by collecting five 2.2 cm diameter x 10 cm deep soil samples (Giddings Machine Company, Windsor, CO, USA) per plot (450 samples year-1). The samples were dried at 30 °C and roots were sorted from the sample by hand. We sorted each sample for 1 h which allowed to retrieve over 90% of all roots present in the samples (Risch and others 2013). The roots were then dried at 65 °C for 48 and weighed to the nearest mg. We averaged the values per plot and used the 2013 data only in this study.
Sampling of edaphic communities
In 2009, 2010, and 2011 we collected three composited soil samples (5 cm diameter x 10 cm depth; AMS Samplers, American Falls, ID, USA) and assessed bacterial community structure using T-RFLP profiling (Liu and others 1997; Blackwood and others 2003; Hodel and others 2014). We detected a total of 89 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). These values are in accordance with other studies reporting OTU richness (Wirthner and others 2011; Zumsteg and others 2012; Meola and others 2014) using T-RFLP profiling, a method that detects the most abundant, and thus likely, the most relevant, taxa. We averaged the data over the three years of collections for our calculations. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was determined with the substrate-induced method (Anderson and Domsch 1978) every fall (September) between 2009 and 2013 by collecting three mineral soil samples (5 cm diameter × 10 cm mineral soil core, AMS Samplers, American Falls, ID, USA). The three samples were combined (90 samples for each sampling year), immediately put on ice, taken to the laboratory, passed through a 2-mm sieve and stored at 4°C. Again, we only used the 2013 data in this study.
Soil samples (5 cm diameter x 10 cm depth) to extract soil arthropods were collected in June, July, and August 2011 with a soil corer lined with a plastic sleeve to ensure an undisturbed sample (total of 270 samples). The plastic line core was immediately sealed on both ends using cling film and put into a cooler. All plots were sampled within three days and the extraction of arthropods started the evening of the sampling day using a high-gradient Tullgren funnel apparatus (Crossley and Blair 1991; Vandegehuchte and others 2015). Samples were kept in the extractor for four days and the soil arthropods were collected in 95% ethanol. All individuals were counted and each individual was identified morphologically to the lowest level feasible [76 taxa, including orders, suborders, subfamilies, families (Protura, Thysanoptera, Aphidina, Psylina, Coleoptera, Brachycera, Nematocera, Auchenorryncha, Heteroptera, Formicidae); sub-phylum for Myriapoda, for Acari and Collembola also including morpho-species). Note that we also included larval stages (nine of the 76 taxa) (Vandegehuchte and others 2015). All data were summed over the season. A detailed species list for mites and collembolans is published (Vandegehuchte and others 2017a) [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118679.s001]. Earthworms are rare in the SNP and therefore were not included. We collected eight random 2.2 cm diameter x 10 cm deep soil cores from each plot in September 2013 to determine the soil nematode community composition. The samples were mixed and the nematodes were extracted from 100 ml of fresh soil using Oostenbrink elutriators (Oostenbrink 1960). All nematodes in a 1 ml of the 10 ml extract were counted, a minimum of 150 individuals sample-1 were identified to genus or family level using (Bongers 1988), the numbers of all nematodes were extrapolated to the entire sample and expressed for a 100 g dry sample. In total we identified 63 genus or family levels (Vandegehuchte and others 2015). The list of all the nematodes found is published (Vandegehuchte and others 2015) [http://www.oikosjournal.org/appendix/oik-03341] or DOI: [doi: 10.1111/oik.03341].
We are aware that sampling soil microbes from 2009 to 2011 and soil arthropods in 2011 was not ideal, but we are positive that this does not bias the results. Most of the parameters measured in our experiment either already showed a treatment response after the first growing season (e.g., plant biomass) or did not respond over the entire time experiment (e.g., microbial biomass C). The microbial community composition (2009 – 2011) was highly influenced by inter-annual differences in temperature and precipitation, but did not differ between treatments or vegetation types (Hodel and others 2014). We therefore felt comfortable using the 2009 through 2011 data for describing the soil microbial community in our experimental treatments. Similarly, we are positive that our soil arthropod data are representative. We did assess soil arthropods in August 2012 and found no differences to the August 2011 data. However, we did not feel comfortable combining the 2011 June, July, August data with only August data for 2012 for our analyses.
Sampling of soil properties
We collected three soil samples (5 cm diameter x 10 cm depth) in each plot in September 2013 after removing the vegetation. First, we collected the top layer of mineral soil rich in organic matter, the surface organic layer or rhizosphere, typically 1 to 3 cm in depth with a soil corer (AMS Samples, American Falls, Idaho, USA). Second, we collected a 10 cm mineral soil core beneath this surface layer. The cores for each layer were composited, dried at 65 °C for 48 h and fine-ground to pass a 0.5 mm screen. We then analysed all samples for total C using a Leco TruSpec Analyser (Leco, St. Joseph, Michigan, USA). Mineral soil pH was measured potentiometrically in 1:2 soil:CaCl2 solution with an equilibration time of 30 min.
Soil net N mineralisation was assessed during the 2013 growing season (Risch and others 2015). For this purpose, we randomly collected a 5 cm diameter x10 cm deep soil sample with a soil corer (AMS Samples, American Falls, Idaho, USA) after clipping the vegetation in June 2013. After weighing and sieving (4 mm mesh) the soil, we extracted a 20 g subsample in 1 mol l-1 KCl for 1.5 h on an end-over-end shaker and thereafter filtered it through ashless folded filter paper (DF 5895 150, ALBET LabScience, Hahnenmühle FineArt GmbH, Dassel, Germany). From these filtrates NO3- concentrations were measured colorimetrically (Norman and Stucki 1981) and NH4+with flow injection analysis (FIAS 300, Perkin Elmer, Waltham Massachusetts, USA) (Risch and others 2015). We dried the rest of the sample 105 °C to constant mass to determine fine,fraction bulk density. A second soil sample was collected within each plot in June 2013 with a corer lined with a 5 x 13 cm aluminium cylinder. The corer was driven 11.5 cm deep into the soil so that the top 1.5 cm of the cylinder remained empty. Into this space we placed a polyester bag (250 µm) filled an ion-exchanger resin to capture the incoming N. The bag was filled with a 1:1 mixture of acidic and alkaline exchanger resin (ion-exchanger I KA/ion exchanger IIIAA, Merck AG, Darmstadt, Germany). We then removed 1.5 cm soil at the bottom of the cylinder and placed a second resin exchanger bag into this space to capture the N leached from the soil column. To assure that the exchange resin was saturated with H+ and Cl- prior to filling the bags, the mixture was stirred with 1.2 ml l-1 HCl for 1 h and then rinsed with demineralized water until the electrical conductivity of the water reached 5 µm cm-1. The cylinder with the resin bags in place was reinserted into the soil with the top flush to the soil surface and incubated for three months. We recollected the cylinders in September 2013. Each resin bag and 20 g of sieved soil (4 mm mesh) from each cylinder were then separately extracted with KCl and NO3- and NH4+ concentrations were measured. Nitrate and NH4+ concentrations of all samples were then converted to a content basis by multiplying their values with fine fraction bulk density. Net N mineralisation was thereafter calculated as the difference between the N content of the samples collected at the end of the three-month incubation (including the N extracted from the bottom resin bag) and the N content at the beginning of the incubation (Risch and others 2015).
Soil CO2 emissions were measured every two weeks between 0900 and 1700 hrs from early May through late September 2013 with a PP-Systems SRC-1 soil respiration chamber (15 cm high, 10 cm diameter; closed circuit) attached to a PP-Systems EGM-4 infrared gas analyser (PP-Systems, Amesbury, MA, USA) on two locations per plot (Risch and others 2013). The chamber was placed on randomly placed, permanently installed PVC collars (10 cm diameter) driven 5 cm into the soil at the beginning of the study (Risch and others 2013). Freshly germinated plants growing within the collars were removed prior to each measurement to avoid measuring plant respiration or photosynthesis. The two measurements collected per plot and sampling date were averaged.
Soil moisture (with time domain reflectometry; Field-Scout TDR-100, Spectrum Technologies, Plainfield, Illionois, USA) and temperature (with a waterproof digital pocket thermometer; Barnstead International, Dubuque, Iowa, USA) were measured at five random locations per plot every two weeks during the growing seasons during the experiment for the 0 to 10 cm depth (Risch and others 2013, 2015). As soil moisture and soil temperature were highly negatively correlated (Risch and others 2013), we only used soil moisture for this study. We used plot-level averages of all values available to capture soil moisture variability during the five years of the experiment. The results remained unchanged when we only used soil moisture from the 2013 growing season.
Numeral calculations and statistical analyses
Ecosystem coupling. We conducted principal component analyses (PCAs; unscaled) at the complete dataset level using the abundances of each taxonomical entity to describe each of the five different communities used in this study: aboveground-dwelling invertebrates, vascular plants, soil microorganisms, soil arthropods and soil nematodes. We retained the first two components (PCA axis 1 and PCA axis 2) of each analysis as we found them to adequately represent the temporal and spatial variability of our 90 treatment plots in previous studies55,67. Together they explained a total of 71.70% of the variation for aboveground invertebrates, 44.36% for plants, 44.85% for soil microorganisms, 61.85% for soil arthropods and 77.19% for soil nematodes. In addition, we used soil pH and soil organic C content as a proxy for soil chemical properties, soil bulk density as a proxy for soil physical properties and soil moisture (negatively correlated with soil temperature) as a proxy for soil micro-climatic conditions for an overall total of fourteen constituents.
We calculated ecosystem coupling9 for each exclosure treatment within each vegetation type (i.e., 2  5 treatment combinations in total) as an integrated measure of pairwise ecological interactions between ecosystem constituents representing ecological communities and the soil abiotic environment. These ecological interactions are defined by non-parametric Spearman rank correlation analyses between two constituents, excluding interactions involving two abiotic constituents (e.g., soil pH vs. soil moisture) and interactions between the first (PC1) and second (PC2) component of each community type, as these are orthogonal by definition. Interactions between abiotic constituents were excluded from the analyses because the focus of our study was on communities and how they interact with one another and their surrounding environment; therefore, including abiotic-abiotic interactions was not of interest here. Given that the effectiveness of our experimental design resulted in that no community composition data of aboveground-dwelling invertebrates was available for the “None” plots (all animals excluded), only thirteen instead of fourteen constituents were included in the ecosystem coupling calculations for this treatment. The complete absence of aboveground invertebrates represents the most extreme case of disturbance between aboveground animal communities and the rest of the ecosystem constituents. This may have resulted in a slight overestimation of ecosystem coupling for these plots.
	Average ecosystem coupling was calculated as follows:
Ecosystem coupling=
where Xi is the absolute Coupling was calculated value of the Spearman’s rho coefficient of the ith correlation for each treatment within each vegetation type (i.e., based on nine replicates each), considering and n is the number of pairwise comparisons considered (n = a total of 80; interactions (56 in the case of the “None” treatment). We considered a total of 40 biotic-biotic interactions (i.e., concerning two community-level principal components such as plants and microbes; 24 in the case of the “None” treatment) and 40 abiotic-biotic (i.e., concerning one community-level principal component and one abiotic factor, e.g., plant community and soil properties; 32 in the case of the “None” treatment).	Coupling was calculated for each treatment within each vegetation type (i.e., based on nine replicates each), considering a total of 80 interactions (56 in the case of the “None” treatment). We considered a total of 40 biotic-biotic interactions (i.e., concerning two community-level principal components such as plants and microbes; 24 in the case of the “None” treatment) and 40 abiotic-biotic (i.e., concerning one community-level principal component and one abiotic factor, e.g., plant community and soil properties; 32 in the case of the “None” treatment).
To establish whether constituents were significantly and positively coupled within treatments (i.e., the average of their correlation coefficients were greater than in a null model where correlation only happens by chance), we calculated one-tailed p-values based on permutation tests with 999 permutations.

We considered six ecosystem functions and process rates commonly used to assess ecosystem functioning (Meyer and others 2015; Manning and others 2018). Plant N content represents a measure of forage quality, while plant richness has been shown to stabilise biomass production, thus allowing the system to respond to changes in herbivory. Soil net N mineralisation, soil respiration, root biomass, and microbial biomass represent fluxes or stocks of energy. For all functions and processes higher values represent higher functioning (Manning and others 2018). All these variables were measured in the last year of the experiment (2013). We then quantified ecosystem multifunctionality using the multiple threshold approach (Byrnes and others 2014; Manning and others 2018), which considers the number of functions that are above a certain threshold, over a series of threshold values (typically 10-99%) that are defined based on the maximum value of each function. We weighted all our functions equally for these calculations (Manning and others 2018). The number of functions in a plot with values higher than a given threshold value for the respective function is summed up. The sum represents ecosystem multifunctionality for that plot. Given that choosing any particular threshold as a measure of ecosystem multifunctionality is arbitrary, we calculated the average of thresholds from 10-90% (in 10% intervals) as a more integrated representation of ecosystem multifunctionality.
We used Pearson correlations to explore the relationships between ecosystem coupling (all interactions, biotic-biotic interactions, abiotic-biotic interactions involving above- and belowground constituents, and all interactions, biotic-biotic interactions, abiotic-biotic interactions involving belowground constituents only) and ecosystem multifunctionality by calculating the slopes of all relationships between ecosystem coupling and multifunctionality for all thresholds between 10 and 99%. We also related ecosystem coupling with the average of multifunctionality at thresholds between 30-80% as explained before and considered this correlation as a robust indication of the type of association between these two variables. In addition, we explored the relationships between ecosystem coupling (all interactions, biotic-biotic interactions, abiotic-biotic interactions involving above- and belowground constituents, and all interactions, biotic-biotic interactions, abiotic-biotic interactions involving belowground constituents only) and individual ecosystem functions. The effects of exclosures and vegetation type on individual functions and multifunctionality were evaluated using linear mixed effects models ('lme' function of the nlme package), with exclosure and vegetation type as fixed effects and fence as a random factor. All statistical analyses and numerical calculations were done in R version 3.4.0 (R Core Team 2016).

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- R Core Team. 2016. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing
- Risch AC, Haynes AG, Busse MD, Filli F, Schütz M. 2013. The response of soil CO2 fluxes to progressively excluding vertebrate and invertebrate herbivores depends on ecosystem type. Ecosystems 16:1192–202.
- Risch AC, Schütz M, Vandegehuchte ML, Van Der Putten WH, Duyts H, Raschein U, Gwiazdowicz DJ, Busse MD, Page-Dumroese DS, Zimmermann S. 2015. Aboveground vertebrate and invertebrate herbivore impact on net N mineralization in subalpine grasslands. Ecology 96:3312–22.
- Schütz M, Risch AC, Achermann G, Thiel-Egenter C, Page-Dumroese DS, Jurgensen MF, Edwards PJ. 2006. Phosphorus translocation by red deer on a subalpine grassland in the Central European Alps. Ecosystems 9:624–633.
- Schütz M, Risch AC, Leuzinger E, Krüsi BO, Achermann G. 2003. Impact of herbivory by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) on patterns and processes in subalpine grasslands in the Swiss National Park. For Ecol Manage 181:177–88.
- Vandegehuchte ML, van der Putten WH, Duyts H, Schütz M, Risch AC. 2017a. Aboveground mammal and invertebrate exclusions cause consistent changes in soil food webs of two subalpine grassland types, but mechanisms are system-speciﬁc. Oikos 126:212–23.
- Vandegehuchte ML, Raschein U, Schütz M, Gwiazdowicz DJ, Risch AC. 2015. Indirect short- and long-term effects of aboveground invertebrate and vertebrate herbivores on soil microarthropod communities. PLoS One 10:e0118679.
- Vandegehuchte ML, Schütz M, de Schaetzen F, Risch AC. 2017b. Mammal-induced trophic cascades in invertebrate food webs are modulated by grazing intensity in subalpine grassland. J Anim Ecol 86:1434–46.
- Vandegehuchte ML, Trivellone V, Schütz M, Firn J, de Schaetzen F, Risch AC. 2018. Mammalian herbivores affect leafhoppers associated with specific plant functional types at different timescales. Funct Ecol 32:545–55.
- Wirthner S, Frey B, Busse MD, Schütz M, Risch AC. 2011. Effects of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) rooting on the bacterial community structure in mixed-hardwood forest soils in Switzerland. Eur J Soil Biol 47:296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.07.003
- Zumsteg A, Luster J, Göransson H, Smittenberg RH, Brunner I, Bernasconi SM, Zeyer J, Frey B. 2012. Bacterial, Archaeal and Fungal Succession in the Forefield of a Receding Glacier. Microb Ecol 63:552–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-011-9991-8

ecosystem-coupling

display_name: ecosystem-coupling

ecosystem-functions

display_name: ecosystem-functions

ecosystem-multifunctionality

display_name: ecosystem-multifunctionality

exclusion

display_name: exclusion

grazing

display_name: grazing

invertebrates

display_name: invertebrates

subalpine

display_name: subalpine

swiss-national-park

display_name: swiss-national-park

vertebrates

display_name: vertebrates

education

en: Education and science

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Ecosystem coupling and multifunctionality - exclosure experiment


maintainer: Sven-Eric Hopf

en: iap fraxinus forest monitoring ash-dieback

state: active

type: dataset

en: Monitoring of ash trees as part of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Programme

media_type: .pdf

en: Packgroun information on data for the publication: Spread and Severity of Ash Dieback in Switzerland – Tree Characteristics and Landscape Features Explain Varying Mortality Probability, (Klesse et al. 2021, Front. For. Glob. Change 4:645920., doi: 10.3389/ffgc.2021.645920)

format: SERVICE

en:
In 2013, the Institute for Applied Plant Biology (IAP) started a monitoring programme to study the development and the spatial variation of the ash dieback disease with the aim to find some partially resistant European ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior).
We collaborate as co-authors for the publication: Spread and Severity of Ash Dieback in Switzerland - Tree Characteristics and Landscape Features Explain Varying Mortality Probability (Klesse et al. 2021 in frontiers)

ash-dieback

display_name: ash-dieback

forest

display_name: forest

fraxinus

display_name: fraxinus

iap

display_name: iap

monitoring

display_name: monitoring

education

fr: Education, science

de: Bildung, Wissenschaft

it: Formazione e scienza

fr: EnviDat: le portail de données environnementales

de: EnviDat: das Umwelt-Datenportal

it: EnviDat: il portale dei dati ambientali

fr: EnviDat est le portail de données du WSL; il offre un accès uniformisé et réglementé aux données de surveillance et de recherche en matière d’environnement. Ce portail est capable d’héberger et de publier des ensembles de données précieuses et uniques, qui sont partagées aux quatre coins de la planète. Ce faisant, EnviDat favorise la recherche et contribue à l’avancement des sciences environnementales.

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

it: EnviDat è il portale dati del WSL che fornisce un accesso unificato e gestito ai dati di monitoraggio ambientale e di ricerca. Il portale ha la capacità di ospitare e pubblicare serie di dati preziosi e unici che vengono condivisi in tutto il mondo. Così facendo, EnviDat promuove la ricerca e contribuisce al progresso della scienza ambientale.

political_level: other

wsl

capacity: public

type: organization

approval_status: approved

key: guid

key: uri

value: Envidat Harvester


stromversorgungssicherheit-netzgebiete

culture

fr: Culture, médias, société de l'information, sport

de: Kultur, Medien, Informationsgesellschaft, Sport

en: Culture, media, information society, sport

it: Cultura, media, società dell'informazione, sport

energy

fr: Energie

de: Energie

en: Energy

it: Energia

geography

fr: Géographie

de: Geographie

en: Geography

it: Geografia

territory

fr: Territoire et environnement

de: Raum und Umwelt

en: Territory and environment

it: Territorio e ambiente

title_for_slug: stromversorgungssicherheit-netzgebiete

de: energie strom stromnetz

label: geocat.ch permalink

spatial: Kanton Glarus (GL)

de: Stromversorgungssicherheit Netzgebiete

media_type: ZIP

format: ZIP

de: WMS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

format: WMS

de: WFS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

format: WFS

de: Stromversorgungssicherheit, Netzgebiete (Versorger) sowie kantonale Ausnahmen.

name: Abteilung Umweltschutz und Energie (DBU)

en: Office of Geoinformation, Canton of Glarus

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus. Zuständig für die kantonale Geodaten-Infrastruktur inklusive Geoportal und Datenbereitstellung.

political_level: canton

value: Glarus-kt - Geocat Harvester


waldstrassen

mobility

fr: Mobilité et transports

de: Mobilität und Verkehr

en: Mobility and Transport

it: Mobilità e trasporti

title_for_slug: waldstrassen

de: verkehrsnetz strasse forststrasse waldnutzung

de: Waldstrassen

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.transportation.waldstrassen

de: Forstwirtschaftliche Waldstrassen.

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus


waldgesellschaften

agriculture

fr: Agriculture, sylviculture

de: Land- und Forstwirtschaft

en: Agriculture, forestry

it: Agricoltura, selvicoltura

title_for_slug: waldgesellschaften

de: Waldgesellschaften

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.biota.waldgesellschaften

de: Waldgesellschaften, Waldtypen.


geography

de: Geographie

territory

de: Raum und Umwelt

de: schutz naturgefahr naturereignis

de: Schutzwald

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.naturalhazards.schutzwald

de: Schutzwald - Schutz vor Naturgefahren.


statische-waldgrenzen-glarus

title_for_slug: statische-waldgrenzen-glarus

de: raumentwicklung nutzungsplanung waldfeststellung oreb

de: Statische Waldgrenzen Glarus

de: WMS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.biota.waldgrenzen-1632

de: WFS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Statische Waldgrenzen in Bauzonen, Datensatz der Gemeinde Glarus (1632). Statische Waldgrenzen werden vom Kanton auf der Grundlage eines Waldfeststellungsverfahrens festgelegt.

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus. Zuständig für die kantonale Geodaten-Infrastruktur inklusive Geoportal und Datenbereitstellung.


de: raumentwicklung richtplan richtplanung

de: Richtplankarte 2004

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.planning.richtplan2004

de: Kantonaler Richtplan 2004 (Neudruck 2016).

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus


statische-waldgrenzen-glarus-sud

agriculture

de: Land- und Forstwirtschaft

geography

de: Geographie

territory

de: Raum und Umwelt

title_for_slug: statische-waldgrenzen-glarus-sud

de: Statische Waldgrenzen Glarus Süd

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.biota.waldgrenzen-1631

de: Statische Waldgrenzen in Bauzonen, Datensatz der Gemeinde Glarus Süd (1631). Statische Waldgrenzen werden vom Kanton auf der Grundlage eines Waldfeststellungsverfahrens festgelegt.


fruchtfolgeflachen-fff

title_for_slug: fruchtfolgeflachen-fff

de: fruchtfolgeflachen-fff kulturflache landwirtschaftliche-bewirtschaftung raumentwicklung richtplanung

de: Fruchtfolgeflächen FFF

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.planning.fruchtfolgeflaechen

de: Sachplan Fruchtfolgeflächen (FFF). Fruchtfolgeflächen (FFF) sind die wertvollsten Landwirtschaftsflächen der Schweiz. Mit dem Sachplan FFF werden die besten Ackerflächen geschützt.


kulturguterschutz-objekte

culture

de: Kultur, Medien, Informationsgesellschaft, Sport

population

fr: Population

de: Bevölkerung

en: Population

it: Popolazione

title_for_slug: kulturguterschutz-objekte

de: Kulturgüterschutz-Objekte

de: WMS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.society.kgs-objekte_lokal,ch.gl.society.kgs-objekte_national-regional

de: WFS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Inventar der Kulturgüterschutzobjekte (KGS-Objekte) von nationaler, regionaler und lokaler Bedeutung (Kategorien A, B, C).


landwirtschaftliche-nutzung

agriculture

de: Land- und Forstwirtschaft

title_for_slug: landwirtschaftliche-nutzung

de: Landwirtschaftliche Nutzung

de: Landwirtschaftliche Nutzung: Betriebsstandorte/Bauernhöfe, Bewirtschaftungseinheiten, Nutzungsflächen, Biodiversitätsförderflächen Qualitätsstufe II, Biodiversitätsförderflächen Vernetzung.

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus. Zuständig für die kantonale Geodaten-Infrastruktur inklusive Geoportal und Datenbereitstellung.


gewassernetz-gewasserrevitalisierung

geography

de: Geographie

territory

de: Raum und Umwelt

title_for_slug: gewassernetz-gewasserrevitalisierung

de: revitalisierung okomorphologie

de: Gewässernetz, Gewässerrevitalisierung

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.inlandwaters.revitalisierung-strategische-planung-flaechen,ch.gl.inlandwaters.oekomorphologie,ch.gl.inlandwaters.revitalisierung-strategische-planung-linien

de: Ökomorphologie, Gewässerrevitalisierungsmassnahmen (strategische Planung).

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus


statische-waldgrenzen-glarus-nord

title_for_slug: statische-waldgrenzen-glarus-nord

de: raumentwicklung nutzungsplanung waldfeststellung oreb

de: Statische Waldgrenzen Glarus Nord

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.biota.waldgrenzen-1630

de: Statische Waldgrenzen in Bauzonen, Datensatz der Gemeinde Glarus Nord (1630). Statische Waldgrenzen werden vom Kanton auf der Grundlage eines Waldfeststellungsverfahrens festgelegt.


de: forstkreis forstrevier waldnutzung

de: Forstreviere

de: WMS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.biota.forstreviere

de: WFS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Einteilung der Forstreviere im Kanton Glarus.


en: alptal streamflow groundwater stable-water-isotopes runoff

en: Deuterium groundwater and baseflow August 2017

media_type: text/csv

en:
This data is collected at the Studibach catchment (Alptal, Switzerland) by Leonie Kiewiet (University of Zürich)
For any questions about the data, please contact leonie.kiewiet@geo.uzh.ch or leoniekiewiet@gmail.com

Date: Date (year-month-day)
Location: Well number or outlet
X: X coordinate (CH1903 LV03)
Y: Y coordinate (CH1903 LV03)
riparian: riparian wells (i.e. from the riparian-like cluster as presented in Kiewiet et al. (2019)) are marked a one, all other wells are marked a zero
d.D (per mil): Deuterium composition (per mil)

format: CSV

mimetype: text/csv

en: Deuterium streamwater extra event

en:
This data is collected at the Studibach catchment (Alptal, Switzerland) by Leonie Kiewiet (University of Zürich)
For any questions about the data, please contact leonie.kiewiet@geo.uzh.ch or leoniekiewiet@gmail.com

datetime: Date and time of sample collection (UTC; year-month-day, hours:minutes)
Q d.D: Deuterium composition (per mil) of streamwater sampled at the catchment outlet (697234,210472); the first sample is used as pre-event streamflow sample

en: Precipitation and discharge event B

en:
This data is collected at the Studibach catchment (Alptal, Switzerland) by Leonie Kiewiet (University of Zürich)
With any questions about the data, please contact leonie.kiewiet@geo.uzh.ch or leoniekiewiet@gmail.com

datetime: Date (year-month-day) and time (hours:minutes:seconds) in UTC
Q: Discharge in mm per hour at catchment outlet (697234,210472)
P: Rainfall in mm per hour averaged for two rain gauges (697494,210675) and (698004, 210680)

en: Deuterium streamwater event C

en: Deuterium rainfall event A

en:
This data is collected at the Studibach catchment (Alptal, Switzerland) by Leonie Kiewiet (University of Zürich)
For any questions about the data, please contact leonie.kiewiet@geo.uzh.ch or leoniekiewiet@gmail.com

datetime: Date (year-month-day) and time (hours:minutes:seconds) in UTC
P d.D: Deuterium composition of the rainfall samples (per mil)
X: X coordinate (CH1903 LV03)
Y: Y coordinate (CH1903 LV03)

en: Precipitation and discharge event C

en: Deuterium rainfall extra event

en: Deuterium rainfall event B

en: Precipitation and discharge extra event

en: Deuterium streamwater event A

en: Deuterium streamwater event B

en: Deuterium groundwater and baseflow October 2016

en: Deuterium groundwater and baseflow October 2017

en: Precipitation and discharge event A

en: Deuterium rainfall event C

en:
This dataset includes discharge and rainfall measurements and deuterium compositions of streamflow, rainfall and groundwater, for four rainfall events and three baseflow snapshot campaigns in the Studibach (Alptal, Switzerland). More specifically, we present the following data:

- Specific discharge at the catchment outlet at 5-minute resolution (mm per hour);
- Rainfall at 5-minute resolution (mm per hour);
- Rainfall deuterium composition (‰);
- Stormflow deuterium composition (‰);
- Groundwater and baseflow deuterium compositions (‰).

For the files containing rainfall and discharge timeseries (QP), and rainfall and streamwater deuterium compositions ("Deuterium_Rainfall" and "Deuterium_Streamwater"), we added the corresponding event identifier (A, B, C or extra) to the file names. For the files containing the groundwater and baseflow deuterium values ("Deuterium_Snapshot") we added the sample collection date to the file name. We included the X and Y coordinates for each data point (coordinate system: CH1903 LV3) as well as the date and time (UTC).

More information on the data collection and preparation can be found in Kiewiet et al. (in review). A detailed description of the baseflow snapshot campaigns can also be found in Kiewiet et al., 2019.

alptal

display_name: alptal

envidat

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

en: Discharge, rainfall, and deuterium compositions of streamwater, rainwater and groundwater, for four rainfall events in the Studibach, Alptal, Switzerland


agriculture

de: Land- und Forstwirtschaft

en: Agriculture, forestry

geography

de: Geographie

en: Geography

de: Bienenstände

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.farming.bienenstandorte

en: Office of Geoinformation, Canton of Glarus

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus. Zuständig für die kantonale Geodaten-Infrastruktur inklusive Geoportal und Datenbereitstellung.


territory

de: Raum und Umwelt

en: Territory and environment

de: natur schutz waldfunktion waldnutzung oreb waldentwicklung begegnungsort

de: Waldreservate

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.natureprotection.waldreservate,ch.gl.natureprotection.waldperlen

de: Waldreservate, Vertragsflächen und «Waldperlen».

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus


waldbestande

title_for_slug: waldbestande

de: Waldbestände

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.biota.waldbestand

de: Waldbestände, Entwicklungsstufen.


bodenkartierung

title_for_slug: bodenkartierung

de: bodeneigenschaften bodenkartierung bodeneignung landwirtschaftliche-bewirtschaftung grundigkeit fruchtfolgeflachen-fff

de: Bodenkartierung

de: WMS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.soils.bodeneignung-bodentyp,ch.gl.soils.bodeneignung-gruendigkeit,ch.gl.soils.bodeneignung-nutzung-fff,ch.gl.soils.bodeneignung-wasserhaushalt

de: WFS-Dienst Kanton Glarus

de: Bodeneignungskarte für die landwirtschaftliche Nutzung. Die kartierten Böden werden nach Bodenty, Gründigkeit, Wasserhaushalt und ihrer Eignung für Fruchtfolgeflächen klassiert.


geography

de: Geographie

de: Kataster der belasteten Standorte

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.environmentalprotection.kbs

de: Kataster der belasteten Standorte (KBS), «Altlasten-Kataster».


landschaftsqualitats-objekte

agriculture

de: Land- und Forstwirtschaft

title_for_slug: landschaftsqualitats-objekte

de: Landschaftsqualitäts-Objekte

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.farming.landschaftsqualitaet-punkte,ch.gl.farming.landschaftsqualitaet-flaechen,ch.gl.farming.landschaftsqualitaet-linien

de: Landschaftsqualitäts-Objekte in der Landwirtschaft. Direktzahlungsberechtigte Ganzjahres- und Sömmerungsbetriebe können dabei auf Flächen im Projektperimeter Massnahmen anmelden, mit welchen die Landschaft gefördert wird. Für die Umsetzung dieser Massnahmen werden ein Vertrag abgeschlossen und jährlich Landschaftsqualitätsbeiträge ausbezahlt.

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus. Zuständig für die kantonale Geodaten-Infrastruktur inklusive Geoportal und Datenbereitstellung.


perimeter-ln-sommerungsgebiet

title_for_slug: perimeter-ln-sommerungsgebiet

de: Perimeter LN/Sömmerungsgebiet

de: Folgende Layer stehen zur Verfügung: ch.gl.farming.alpnamen,ch.gl.farming.perimeter-ln-soemmerung,ch.gl.farming.soemmerungsgebiet

de: Perimeter landwirtschaftliche Nutzungsflächen, Sömmerungsgebiet (Alpen). Der Layer enthält bis auf weiteres nur den Perimeter der LN-Flächen. Sömmerungsgebiete werden in einem anderen Layer publiziert: «ch.gl.farming.soemmerungsgebiet / Landwirtschaft Sömmerungsgebiet Alpen». Namen der Alpen, Alpstafel. Aggregierung der Einzelflächen zwecks nutzerfreundlicher Beschriftung.

de: Fachstelle Geoinformation des Kantons Glarus


territory

de: Raum und Umwelt

de: geodaten naturschutz landschaftsschutz landschaftsschutz moor naturschutzgebiet nationales-umweltschutzprogramm raumplanung

en: geodata nature-conservation landscape-conservation landscape-conservation bog national-reserve national-conservation-programme physical-planning

it: geodati conservazione-della-natura conservazione-del-paesaggio conservazione-del-paesaggio torbiera-acida riserve-nazionali programma-nazionale-di-conservazione pianificazione-dello-spazio-fisico

label: Geobasisdatenkatalog

spatial: Kanton Thurgau (TG)

de: Schutzpläne der Hoch- und Übergangsmoore von nationaler Bedeutung

de: Definiert den Perimeter des nationalen Schutzgebietes. Rechtlich gesichert mit einer kantonalen Schutzanordnung. Die dargestellten Perimeter sowie die Unterteilung der einzelnen Schutzbereiche weichen von den Datensätzen des Bundes ab. Es handelt sich um eine Präzisierung der Bundesdaten. Ebenso sind Abweichungen zu den analogen Originalplänen möglich. Rechtlich bindend sind die in der Schutzanordnung dargestellten Pläne, einsehbar über den ÖREB-Kataster.

kanton-thurgau

fr: Canton de Thurgovie

de: Kanton Thurgau

en: Canton of Thurgau

it: Cantone di Turgovia

de: Der Kanton Thurgau veröffentlicht hier schrittweise OGD-Datensätze der kantonalen Verwaltung.

value: TG-Kt - Geocat Harvester


offizieller-stadtplan

geography

de: Geographie

title_for_slug: offizieller-stadtplan

label: Öffentliches Auskunftssystem des Kantons Basel-Stadt

spatial: Basel-Stadt (Stadtplanperimeter)

de: Geodaten-Shop

de: Öffentlich zugänglicher Geodaten-Downloaddienst des Kantons Basel-Stadt

de: WMS BS

de: Die derzeit im WMS BS verfügbaren Datenebenen entsprechen, bis auf wenige Ausnahmen, den Geodaten, welche auch in MapBS dargestellt sind. Der WMS BS ist kostenlos nutzbar und bietet Zugriff auf öffentliche sowie beschränkt öffentliche Geodaten, wobei gegebenenfalls Benutzername und Passwort benötigt werden (Zugangsdaten von MapBS).

de: Offizielle Stadtpläne im Rasterformat (farbig, Graustufen und Schwarz-Weiss)

kanton-basel-stadt

fr: Canton de Bâle-Ville

de: Kanton Basel-Stadt

en: Canton of Basel-City

it: Cantone di Basilea-Città

de: Der Kanton Basel-Stadt veröffentlicht nach und nach Open Government-Datensätze von kantonalen Ämtern und Dienststellen. Die kantonale Fachstelle für Open Government Data ist als Koordinationsorgan zuständig für die Unterstützung der datenpublizierenden Verwaltungsstellen.

value: BS - Geocat Harvester

de: Offizieller Stadtplan


maintainer: Gemeindeamt des Kantons Zürich

de: gemeindefinanzen gemeinden

de: Bilanzwert der langfristigen Schulden [Fr./Einw.]

de: Bilanzwert der langfristigen Schulden pro Kopf pro konsolidierte Gemeinde.

gemeindefinanzen

display_name: gemeindefinanzen

gemeinden

display_name: gemeinden

national-economy

fr: Economie nationale

de: Volkswirtschaft

en: National economy

it: Economia

gemeindeamt-kanton-zuerich

de: Gemeindeamt Kanton Zürich

de: Das Gemeindeamt des Kantons Zürich hilft den Gemeinden, sich in Übereinstimmung mit dem kantonalen Recht zu organisieren. Mit dem Finanzausgleich stellt das Amt sicher, dass alle Gemeinden ihre Grundaufgaben erfüllen können. Daneben obliegen dem Gemeindeamt die kantonalen Aufgaben des Zivilstands-, Einbürgerungs- und Einwohnerwesens. Schliesslich ist das Gemeindeamt Aufsichtsstelle 2. Instanz (nach den Bezirksräten) hinsichtlich Organisation, Haushaltführung, Rechnungslegung sowie Aufsichtsbehörde über die Kindes- und Erwachsenenschutzbehörden.

value: ZH-Kt Gemeindeamt - DCAT Harvester


maintainer: Bundesamt für Energie BFE

fr: Contenu des bassins d'accumulation, dimanche 24:00 heures, bulletin hebdomadaire

it: Grado di riempimento dei bacini di accumulazione, domenica alle ore 24, rapporto settimanale livello di accumulazione

author: Bundesamt für Energie BFE

media_type: CSV

media_type: SERVICE

fr:
Ce relevé, élaboré chaque dimanche à 24h00, recense le contenu (en GWh et en %) des bassins d'accumulation suisses dans 4 régions différentes.
Le taux de remplissage des bassins d'accumulation est relevé dans le cadre de la Statistique de l'électricité, qui fait partie de la statistique publique de la Suisse (base légale: LSF).

de: Der Füllungsgrad der Speicherseen, Sonntag 24h, Wochenbericht Speicherinhalt gibt Auskunft über den Speicherinhalt der Schweizer Speicherseen für vier Regionen in GWh und als Füllgrad in % jeweils am Sonntag 24h auf wöchentlicher Basis. Der Füllungsgrad der Speicherseen wird im Rahmen der Elektrizitätsstatistik erhoben, welche Teil der öffentlichen Statistik der Schweiz ist (gesetzliche Grundlage: BStatG).

statistical-basis

fr: Bases statistiques

de: Statistische Grundlagen

en: Statistical basis

it: Basi statistiche

energy

de: Energie

en: Energy

territory

de: Raum und Umwelt

bundesamt-fur-energie-bfe

fr: Office fédéral de l'énergie OFEN

de: Bundesamt für Energie BFE

en: Swiss Federal Office of Energy SFOE

it: Ufficio federale dell'energia UFE

fr: L'Office fédéral de l'énergie (OFEN) est le centre de compétences du Département fédéral de l'environnement, des transports, de l'énergie et de la communication (DETEC) pour les questions liées à l'approvisionnement en énergie et à son utilisation.

de: Das Bundesamt für Energie (BFE) ist das Kompetenzzentrum für Fragen der Energieversorgung und der Energienutzung im Eidgenössischen Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation (UVEK).

en: The Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) is the country's competence centre for issues relating to energy supply and energy use at the Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC).

it: L'Ufficio federale dell'energia (UFE) è il centro di competenza in materia di approvvigionamento e di impiego dell'energia in seno al Dipartimento federale dell'ambiente, dei trasporti, dell'energia e delle comunicazioni (DATEC).

political_level: confederation


arbeitsvoranschlag

maintainer: Heitkämper Katja

title_for_slug: Arbeitsvoranschlag

fr: Budget de travail

de: Arbeitsvoranschlag

en: Labour Scope

format: API

format: JSON

fr: Application de modélisation et de gestion des données de base de l'économie du travail pour l'agriculture

en: Application for modeling and management of basic labor economics data for agriculture

de: Anwendung zur Modellierung und Verwaltung von arbeitswirtschaftlichen Grundlagendaten für die Landwirtschaft

agriculture

de: Land- und Forstwirtschaft

agroscope

fr: Agroscope

de: Agroscope

en: Agroscope

it: Agroscope

fr:
Agroscope, centre de compétence de la Confédération pour la recherche agronomique, apporte une contribution importante à une filière agroalimentaire durable et à un environnement préservé, contribuant ainsi à une meilleure qualité de vie pour tous.

L‘activité de recherche d'Agroscope s'étend à toute la chaîne de création de valeur de la filière agroalimentaire et vise une agriculture compétitive et multifonctionnelle, des aliments de qualité pour une alimentation saine ainsi qu'un environnement intact. Agroscope axe son travail de recherche sur les besoins des bénéficiaires de ses prestations.

en:
Agroscope is the Swiss centre of excellence for agricultural research, and is affiliated with the Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG). Agroscope makes an important contribution to a sustainable agriculture and food sector as well as to an intact environment, thereby contributing to an improved quality of life.

Agroscope researches along the entire value chain of the agriculture and the food sector. Its goals are a competitive and multifunctional agricultural sector, high-quality food for a healthy diet, and an intact environment. In pursuing these aims, the research institute gears itself to the needs of its service recipients.

de:
Agroscope ist das Kompetenzzentrum des Bundes für landwirtschaftliche Forschung und ist dem Bundesamt für Landwirtschaft (BLW) angegliedert. Agroscope leistet einen bedeutenden Beitrag für eine nachhaltige Land- und Ernährungswirtschaft sowie eine intakte Umwelt und trägt damit zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität bei.

Die Forschung erfolgt entlang der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette der Land- und Ernährungswirtschaft. Ziele sind eine wettbewerbsfähige und multifunktionale Landwirtschaft, hochwertige Lebensmittel für eine gesunde Ernährung sowie eine intakte Umwelt. Dabei richtet sich die Forschungsanstalt auf die Bedürfnisse ihrer Leistungsempfänger aus.

it:
Agroscope è il centro di competenza della Confederazione per la ricerca agronomica ed è aggregato all'Ufficio federale dell'agricoltura (UFAG). Agroscope fornisce un contributo significativo per una filiera agroalimentare sostenibile e un ambiente incontaminato, concorrendo a migliorare la qualità della vita.

La ricerca contempla l'intera catena del valore della filiera agroalimentare, avendo come obiettivi un'agricoltura multifunzionale e competitiva, derrate alimentari d'alta qualità per un'alimentazione sana e un ambiente incontaminato. Al contempo, l'istituto di ricerca si concentra sulle esigenze dei destinatari delle proprie prestazioni.


smiley-geschwindigkeitsanzeigen

geography

fr: Géographie

de: Geographie

mobility

de: Mobilität und Verkehr

en: Mobility and Transport

public-order

fr: Ordre et sécurité publics

de: Öffentliche Ordnung und Sicherheit

en: Public order and security

it: Ordine pubblico e sicurezza pubblica

title_for_slug: smiley-geschwindigkeitsanzeigen

fr: vitesse securite-routiere

en: speed road-safety

it: velocita sicurezza-stradale

spatial: Kanton Basel-Stadt (BS)

de: Geodaten-Shop

de: Öffentlich zugänglicher Geodaten-Downloaddienst des Kantons Basel-Stadt

de: WMS BS

de: Die derzeit im WMS BS verfügbaren Datenebenen entsprechen, bis auf wenige Ausnahmen, den Geodaten, welche auch in MapBS dargestellt sind. Der WMS BS ist kostenlos nutzbar und bietet Zugriff auf öffentliche sowie beschränkt öffentliche Geodaten, wobei gegebenenfalls Benutzername und Passwort benötigt werden (Zugangsdaten von MapBS).

de: WFS BS

de: Die derzeit im WFS BS verfügbaren Datenebenen entsprechen, bis auf wenige Ausnahmen, den Geodaten, welche auch in MapBS dargestellt sind. Der WFS BS ist kostenlos nutzbar und bietet Zugriff auf öffentliche sowie beschränkt öffentliche Geodaten, wobei gegebenenfalls Benutzername und Passwort benötigt werden (Zugangsdaten von MapBS).

de: Die Smiley-Geschwindigkeitsanzeigen dienen der Kantonspolizei Basel-Stadt zur Erhöhung der Verkehrssicherheit an der betreffenden Örtlichkeit. Die Wechselanzeige von der aktuell gefahrenen Geschwindigkeit und Smiley-Symbol (Lob oder Tadel) ohne Repression weist auf freundliche Weise auf ein allfälliges Fahrverhalten hin. Durch diese Selbstkontrolle soll das Fahrverhalten positiv beeinflusst, die vorgeschriebene Geschwindigkeit besser eingehalten und die Aufmerksamkeit der Verkehrsteilnehmenden erhöht werden. Mit den Geräten können zudem Verkehrsdaten anonym erfasst werden. Die Geschwindigkeitsanzeigen stehen nicht in einem Zusammenhang mit Ordnungsbussen oder einer strafrechtlichen Verfolgung.

kanton-basel-stadt

de: Kanton Basel-Stadt

de: Der Kanton Basel-Stadt veröffentlicht nach und nach Open Government-Datensätze von kantonalen Ämtern und Dienststellen. Die kantonale Fachstelle für Open Government Data ist als Koordinationsorgan zuständig für die Unterstützung der datenpublizierenden Verwaltungsstellen.

de: Smiley Geschwindigkeitsanzeigen


fr: bilan-electricite ogd51-bfe production-nette production-d-electricite statistique-electricite energie-hydraulique consommation-de-courant saldo-import energies-renouvelables consommation-nationale pompes-d-accumulation energie-atomique production-d-electricite-thermique

de: stromverbrauch thermische-stromproduktion landesverbrauch elektrizitaetsbilanz nettoerzeugung wasserkraft kernkraft ogd51-bfe elektrizitaetsstatistik importsaldo speicherpumpen stromproduktion erneuerbare-energien

it: produzione-netta produzione-d-elettricita energie-rinnovabili saldo-importazioni pompe-d-accumulo consumo-nazionale bilancio-elettricita energia-idrica statistica-elettricita produzione-d-elettricita-termica ogd51-bfe energia-atomica consumo-di-corrente

fr: Statistiques heddomadaires: production et consommation d'énergie électrique en Suisse

it: Bilancio dell'elettricità: statistica settimanale - produzione e consumo di energia elettrica in Svizzera

label: BFE - Elektrizitätsstatistik

mimetype: SERVICE

fr: Cette statistique, élaborée chaque mercredi, recense la production, l'importation, l'exportation et la consommation d'électricité en Suisse. Elle présente la production hydraulique (centrales au fil de l'eau/centrales à accumulation), la production des centrales nucléaires ainsi que la production thermique classique et d'autres modes de production. Elle indique aussi la consommation des installations de pompage d'accumulation. Elle est établie dans le cadre de la Statistique de l'électricité, qui fait partie de la statistique publique de la Suisse (base légale: LSF).

de: Die Wochenstatistik Elektrizitätsbilanz - Erzeugung und Abgabe elektrischer Energie in der Schweiz gibt Auskunft über Produktion, Import / Export und Verbrauch von Elektrizität in der Schweiz jeweils am Mittwoch auf wöchentlicher Basis. Bei der Produktion werden die Hydrologische Erzeugung (Lauf- und Speicherwerke), die Erzeugung der Kernkraftwerke sowie die Konv.-therm. und andere Erzeugung unterschieden. Der Verbrauch der Speicherpumpen wird ausgewiesen. Die Wochenstatistik Elektrizitätsbilanz wird im Rahmen der Elektrizitätsstatistik erhoben, welche Teil der öffentlichen Statistik der Schweiz ist (gesetzliche Grundlage: BStatG).

bilan-electricite

display_name: bilan-electricite

bilancio-elettricita

display_name: bilancio-elettricita

consommation-de-courant

display_name: consommation-de-courant

consommation-nationale

display_name: consommation-nationale

consumo-di-corrente

display_name: consumo-di-corrente

consumo-nazionale

display_name: consumo-nazionale

elektrizitaetsbilanz

display_name: elektrizitaetsbilanz

elektrizitaetsstatistik

display_name: elektrizitaetsstatistik

energia-atomica

display_name: energia-atomica

energia-idrica

display_name: energia-idrica

energie-atomique

display_name: energie-atomique

energie-hydraulique

display_name: energie-hydraulique

energie-rinnovabili

display_name: energie-rinnovabili

energies-renouvelables

display_name: energies-renouvelables

erneuerbare-energien

display_name: erneuerbare-energien

importsaldo

display_name: importsaldo

kernkraft

display_name: kernkraft

landesverbrauch

display_name: landesverbrauch

nettoerzeugung

display_name: nettoerzeugung

pompe-d-accumulo

display_name: pompe-d-accumulo

pompes-d-accumulation

display_name: pompes-d-accumulation

production-d-electricite

display_name: production-d-electricite

production-d-electricite-thermique

display_name: production-d-electricite-thermique

production-nette

display_name: production-nette

produzione-d-elettricita

display_name: produzione-d-elettricita

produzione-d-elettricita-termica

display_name: produzione-d-elettricita-termica

produzione-netta

display_name: produzione-netta

saldo-import

display_name: saldo-import

saldo-importazioni

display_name: saldo-importazioni

speicherpumpen

display_name: speicherpumpen

statistica-elettricita

display_name: statistica-elettricita

statistique-electricite

display_name: statistique-electricite

stromproduktion

display_name: stromproduktion

stromverbrauch

display_name: stromverbrauch

thermische-stromproduktion

display_name: thermische-stromproduktion

wasserkraft

display_name: wasserkraft

statistical-basis

de: Statistische Grundlagen

national-economy

de: Volkswirtschaft

bundesamt-fur-energie-bfe

de: Das Bundesamt für Energie (BFE) ist das Kompetenzzentrum für Fragen der Energieversorgung und der Energienutzung im Eidgenössischen Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation (UVEK).


maintainer: Schweizerisches Bundesarchiv

fr: ecole helvetique histoire lindas pedagogie openglam philipp-albert-stapfer enquete republique-helvetique

de: philipp-albert-stapfer helvetische-republik lindas umfrage helvetik padagogik schulwesen openglam glam geschichte

en: schools survey philipp-albert-stapfer history lindas glam helvetic-period openglam teaching helvetic-republic

it: openglam pedagogia philipp-albert-stapfer elvetica-repubblica-elvetica storia sondaggio lindas glam sistema-scolastico

fr: SPARQL Endpoint avec présélection du graphe

de: SPARQL Endpoint mit Vorauswahl des Graph

en: SPARQL Endpoint with graph preselection

media_type: application/sparql-query

format: SPARQL

mimetype: application/sparql-query

media_type: text/html

format: HTML

mimetype: text/html

fr: Banque de données avec les résultats de l‘enquête Stapfer : l’enquête Stapfer est une investigation menée sur la situation de l’école dans la République helvétique en 1799. Elle fut initiée par le ministre de l’éducation Philipp Albert Stapfer (1766–1840). Les autorités envoyèrent aux maîtres et (quelques) maîtresses un questionnaire d’env. 60 questions portant sur la situation locale, l’enseignement ainsi que les conditions économiques et personnelles. Les quelques 2'400 réponses manuscrites sont conservées aux Archives fédérales suisses (Archives de l’Helvétique, fonds B0#C.02.3.1)  De 2009 à 2015 une équipe de l’Université de Berne a répertorié les données de l’enquête Stapfer, puis les a transmises aux Archives fédérales, qui gèrent également la page www.stapferenquete.ch.

de: Datenbank mit den Resultaten der Stapfer-Enquête: Die Stapfer-Enquête ist eine einzigartige Umfrage zur Schulsituation in der Helvetischen Republik aus dem Jahr 1799. Als Erziehungsminister initiierte Philipp Albert Stapfer (1766–1840) die Umfrage. Die Behörden sandten den Lehrern und (wenigen) Lehrerinnen einen standardisierten Fragebogen mit rund 60 Fragen über die lokalen Verhältnisse, den Unterricht sowie die personellen und ökonomischen Umstände. Die rund 2‘400 handschriftlichen Antwortbögen befinden sich im Schweizerischen Bundesarchiv (Archiv der Helvetik, Bestand B0#C.02.3.1).  Ein Team der Universität Bern hat die Stapfer-Enquête von 2009 bis 2015 datafiziert und anschliessend dem Bundesarchiv übergeben. Dieses betreibt auch die Seite www.stapferenquete.ch.

en: Database containing the results of the Stapfer-Enquête: The Stapfer-Enquête is a unique survey of the school situation in the Helvetic Republic dating from 1799. It was initiated by education minister Philipp Albert Stapfer (1766–1840). The authorities sent teachers (including, in a small number of cases, female staff) a standardised questionnaire containing some 60 questions on the local situation, teaching, and personal and economic circumstances. The approximately 2,400 handwritten responses are held by the Swiss Federal Archives (Archiv der Helvetik, fonds B0#C.02.3.1).  Between 2009 and 2015, a team from the University of Bern compiled a database of the Stapfer-Enquête which was then passed to the Federal Archives. This work is also documented on the website www.stapferenquete.ch.

it: Banca dati con i risultati dell’inchiesta Stapfer: l’inchiesta Stapfer è un sondaggio unico per la situazione scolastica nella repubblica elvetica dell’anno 1799. Come ministro dell’istruzione, Philipp Albert Stapfer (1766-1840), iniziò il sondaggio. Le autorità mandarono ai professori e alle (poche) professoresse un questionario unificato con circa 60 domande sulle condizioni locali, sull’insegnamento e sulle situazioni personali e economiche. Circa 2'400 fogli di risposta scritti a mano si trovano nell’ Archivio federale svizzero (Archivio dell’elvetica, Fondo B0#C.02.3.1)  Un gruppo dell’università di Berna ha datizzato il sondaggio e in seguito l’ha trasmesso all’archivio federale. Il gruppo gestisce il sito www.stapferenquete.ch.

ecole

display_name: ecole

elvetica-repubblica-elvetica

display_name: elvetica-repubblica-elvetica

enquete

display_name: enquete

geschichte

display_name: geschichte

glam

display_name: glam

helvetic-period

display_name: helvetic-period

helvetic-republic

display_name: helvetic-republic

helvetik

display_name: helvetik

helvetique

display_name: helvetique

helvetische-republik

display_name: helvetische-republik

histoire

display_name: histoire

history

display_name: history

lindas

display_name: lindas

openglam

display_name: openglam

padagogik

display_name: padagogik

pedagogia

display_name: pedagogia

pedagogie

display_name: pedagogie

philipp-albert-stapfer

display_name: philipp-albert-stapfer

republique-helvetique

display_name: republique-helvetique

schools

display_name: schools

schulwesen

display_name: schulwesen

sistema-scolastico

display_name: sistema-scolastico

sondaggio

display_name: sondaggio

storia

display_name: storia

survey

display_name: survey

teaching

display_name: teaching

umfrage

display_name: umfrage

education

fr: Education, science

de: Bildung, Wissenschaft

en: Education and science

it: Formazione e scienza

population

fr: Population

de: Bevölkerung

en: Population

schweizerisches-bundesarchiv-bar

fr: Archives fédérales suisses AFS

de: Schweizerisches Bundesarchiv BAR

en: Swiss Federal Archives SFA

it: Archivio federale svizzero AFS

fr: En tant que centre de prestations et de compétences de la Confédération pour une gestion durable de l'information, les Archives fédérales suisses évaluent, prennent en charge, mettent en valeur et communiquent tous les documents de la Confédération suisse qui ont une valeur archivistique.

de: Das Schweizerische Bundesarchiv ist das Dienstleistungs- und Kompetenzzentrum des Bundes für nachhaltiges Informationsmanagement. Es bewertet, sichert, erschliesst und vermittelt archivwürdige Unterlagen der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft.

en: The Swiss Federal Archives (SFA) are the Confederation's service and competence centre for lasting information management. They appraise, secure, describe and provide access to archive-worthy records of the Swiss Confederation.

it: L'Archivio federale svizzero è il centro di servizio e competenza della Confederazione per la gestione a lungo termine delle informazioni. In questa funzione è incaricato di valutare, salvaguardare, catalogare e rendere accessibili i documenti di valore archivistico della Confederazione Svizzera.

value: LINDAS DCAT Harvester BAR

fr: Enquête Stapfer: l’école en Suisse, 1799 (RDF)

de: Stapfer-Enquête: Schule in der Schweiz 1799 (RDF)

en: The Stapfer-Enquête: schooling in Switzerland 1799 (RDF)

it: Inchiesta Stapfer: scuole in Svizzera 1799 (RDF)


geography

de: Geographie

en: Geography

it: Geografia

mobility

fr: Mobilité et transports

de: Mobilität und Verkehr

it: Mobilità e trasporti

spatial: Schaffhausen

fr: (GeoPackage, DXF, Shapefile)

de: (GeoPackage, DXF, Shapefile)

en: (GeoPackage, DXF, Shapefile)

it: (GeoPackage, DXF, Shapefile)

fr: Kanton Schaffhausen

de: Kanton Schaffhausen

en: Kanton Schaffhausen

it: Kanton Schaffhausen

de: Die Karte bildet die Mountainbikerouten ab.

name: Tiefbau Schaffhausen Verkehr und Infrastrukturbau

amt-geoinformation-kanton-schaffhausen

fr: Office de la géoinformation du canton de Schaffhouse

de: Amt für Geoinformation Kanton Schaffhausen

en: Office for Geoinformation Canton Schaffhausen

it: Ufficio di geoinformazione del Cantone di Sciaffusa

fr: L'Office de la géoinformation gère et publie les géodonnées du canton de Schaffhouse sous forme de géoservices OGC et de fichiers à télécharger. Toutes les géodonnées actuellement disponibles et soumises à l'OGD sont listées ici.

en: The Office of Geoinformation manages and publishes the geodata of the Canton of Schaffhausen as OGC geodata services and as file downloads. All currently available geodata subject to OGD are listed here.

de: Das Amt für Geoinformation verwaltet und veröffentlicht die Geodaten des Kantons Schaffhausen als OGC-Geodienste und als Datei-Download. Alle aktuell verfügbaren Geodaten, welche dem OGD unterliegen, sind hier aufgeführt.

it: L'Ufficio di geoinformazione gestisce e pubblica i geodati del Cantone di Sciaffusa come geoservizi OGC e come file da scaricare. Tutti i geodati attualmente disponibili soggetti all'OGD sono elencati qui.

value: Amt für Geoinformation Kt. SH – Geocat Harvester

de: Verkehr Mountainbikerouten Kanton Schaffhausen


staatsrechnungen-bereich

title_for_slug: staatsrechnungen-bereich

fr: depenses compte-d-etat openglam glam confederation-suisse supplement recettes administration-federale-des-finances avenant budget planification-financiere finances-federales credit-supplementaire confederation bilan compte-de-resultats

de: voranschlag bundeshaushalt schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft nachtragskredit bilanz finanzplanung nachtrag einnahmen budget erfolgsrechnung ausgaben staatsrechnung openglam eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung bund glam

en: statement-of-financial-position federal-finances state-financial-statements supplement confederation supplementary-credit expenditure glam financial-planning openglam statement-of-financial-performance swiss-confederation receipts federal-finance-administration budget

it: credito-aggiuntivo conto-economico openglam amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze consuntivo glam preventivo uscite-bilancio budget pianificazione-finanziaria entrate complemento confederazione confederazione-svizzera

fr: Dans le compte d’Etat le Conseil fédéral présente les recettes de l’administration fédérale durant l’exercice précédent et rend compte des dépenses.  L’administration fédérale des finances (AFF) consolide les comptes annuels des départements et des offices et en tire le rapport concernant le compte d’Etat. Ce dernier est approuvé par le Conseil fédéral, et est adressé sous forme imprimée au Parlement, qui en prend acte.  Le Conseil fédéral présente également à l’Assemblée fédérale le budget de l’année suivante, préparé lui aussi par l’AFF. En l’adoptant le Parlement autorise les charges prévues et les dépenses générales en même temps qu’il prend connaissance des rendements et recettes escomptés.  Vous trouvez des données complémentaires et le compte d’Etat actuel sur la page Internet de l’AFF : https://www.efv.admin.ch/efv/fr/home.html.

de: In der Staatsrechnung führt der Bundesrat die Einnahmen der Bundesverwaltung für das abgelaufene Jahr auf und legt Rechenschaft über die Ausgaben ab.  Die Eidgenössische Finanzverwaltung (EFV) konsolidiert die Jahresabschlüsse der Departemente und erarbeitet daraus den Bericht zur Staatsrechnung. Die Rechnung wird vom Bundesrat verabschiedet und geht in gedruckter Form an das Parlament, das sie abnimmt.  Der Bundesrat legt der Bundesversammlung auch das Budget (Voranschlag) für das Folgejahr vor. Auch dieses wird von der EFV vorbereitet. Damit bewilligt das Parlament den geplanten Aufwand sowie die Gesamtausgaben des Bundes und nimmt von der Schätzung der Erträge und Einnahmen Kenntnis.  Ergänzende Angaben und die neuste Staatsrechnung finden Sie auf der Website der EFV: www.efv.admin.ch.

en: In the state financial statements, the Federal Council details the receipts of the federal administration for the previous year and accounts for its expenditure.  The Federal Finance Administration (FFA) consolidates the annual financial statements of the departments and, based on them, compiles the report on the state financial statements. The statements are adopted by the Federal Council and forwarded in printed form to Parliament for approval.  The Federal Council also lays the budget for the following year before the Federal Assembly. This is also prepared by the FFA. By this means, Parliament approves the planned expenses and total expenditure of the Confederation and takes note of the estimate of income and receipts.  Further information and the most recent state financial statements can be found on the FFA website: https://www.efv.admin.ch/efv/en/home.html.

it: Il Consiglio federale gestisce il consuntivo della confederazione per l’anno decorso e depone un resoconto sulle varie uscite.  L’amministrazione federale delle finanze (AFF) consolida i conti annuali dei dipartimenti e da ciò elabora il rapporto del consuntivo. Quest’ultimo verrà approvato dal Consiglio federale ed inviato in forma cartacea al parlamento, che lo approva a sua volta.  Il Consiglio federale sottopone all’assemblea federale il budget (preventivo) anche per l’anno seguente. Tale budget viene anch’esso preparato dall’ AFF. Il parlamento approva in tal modo le spese previste, le uscire totali della confederazione e prende conoscenza della stima dei ricavi e delle entrate.  Sul sito dell’AFF: https://www.efv.admin.ch/efv/it/home.html potete trovare indicazioni supplementari così come il nuovo consuntivo della Confederazione.

administration-federale-des-finances

display_name: administration-federale-des-finances

amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

display_name: amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

ausgaben

display_name: ausgaben

avenant

display_name: avenant

bilan

display_name: bilan

bilanz

display_name: bilanz

budget

display_name: budget

bund

display_name: bund

bundeshaushalt

display_name: bundeshaushalt

complemento

display_name: complemento

compte-d-etat

display_name: compte-d-etat

compte-de-resultats

display_name: compte-de-resultats

confederation

display_name: confederation

confederation-suisse

display_name: confederation-suisse

confederazione

display_name: confederazione

confederazione-svizzera

display_name: confederazione-svizzera

consuntivo

display_name: consuntivo

conto-economico

display_name: conto-economico

credit-supplementaire

display_name: credit-supplementaire

credito-aggiuntivo

display_name: credito-aggiuntivo

depenses

display_name: depenses

eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung

display_name: eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung

einnahmen

display_name: einnahmen

entrate

display_name: entrate

erfolgsrechnung

display_name: erfolgsrechnung

expenditure

display_name: expenditure

federal-finance-administration

display_name: federal-finance-administration

federal-finances

display_name: federal-finances

finances-federales

display_name: finances-federales

financial-planning

display_name: financial-planning

finanzplanung

display_name: finanzplanung

glam

display_name: glam

nachtrag

display_name: nachtrag

nachtragskredit

display_name: nachtragskredit

pianificazione-finanziaria

display_name: pianificazione-finanziaria

planification-financiere

display_name: planification-financiere

preventivo

display_name: preventivo

receipts

display_name: receipts

recettes

display_name: recettes

schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft

display_name: schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft

staatsrechnung

display_name: staatsrechnung

state-financial-statements

display_name: state-financial-statements

it: Consuntivo della confederazione - Dominio


staatsrechnungen-amt

maintainer: Schweizerisches Bundesarchiv BAR

title_for_slug: staatsrechnungen-amt

fr: administration-federale-des-finances recettes confederation planification-financiere depenses confederation-suisse budget finances-federales compte-d-etat avenant compte-de-resultats bilan openglam credit-supplementaire glam supplement

de: budget staatsrechnung schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft bund bilanz einnahmen erfolgsrechnung eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung nachtrag ausgaben finanzplanung openglam voranschlag glam nachtragskredit bundeshaushalt

en: federal-finances statement-of-financial-performance state-financial-statements glam budget confederation supplement openglam expenditure financial-planning receipts statement-of-financial-position swiss-confederation supplementary-credit federal-finance-administration

it: openglam confederazione pianificazione-finanziaria uscite-bilancio preventivo complemento confederazione-svizzera consuntivo glam entrate conto-economico credito-aggiuntivo budget amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

de: SPARQL Endpoint mit Vorauswahl des Graph

fr: In the state financial statements, the Federal Council details the receipts of the federal administration for the previous year and accounts for its expenditure.  The Federal Finance Administration (FFA) consolidates the annual financial statements of the departments and, based on them, compiles the report on the state financial statements. The statements are adopted by the Federal Council and forwarded in printed form to Parliament for approval.  The Federal Council also lays the budget for the following year before the Federal Assembly. This is also prepared by the FFA. By this means, Parliament approves the planned expenses and total expenditure of the Confederation and takes note of the estimate of income and receipts.  Further information and the most recent state financial statements can be found on the FFA website: https://www.efv.admin.ch/efv/en/home.html.

en: Dans le compte d’Etat le Conseil fédéral présente les recettes de l’administration fédérale durant l’exercice précédent et rend compte des dépenses.  L’administration fédérale des finances (AFF) consolide les comptes annuels des départements et des offices et en tire le rapport concernant le compte d’Etat. Ce dernier est approuvé par le Conseil fédéral, et est adressé sous forme imprimée au Parlement, qui en prend acte.  Le Conseil fédéral présente également à l’Assemblée fédérale le budget de l’année suivante, préparé lui aussi par l’AFF. En l’adoptant le Parlement autorise les charges prévues et les dépenses générales en même temps qu’il prend connaissance des rendements et recettes escomptés.  Vous trouvez des données complémentaires et le compte d’Etat actuel sur la page Internet de l’AFF : https://www.efv.admin.ch/efv/fr/home.html.

administration-federale-des-finances

display_name: administration-federale-des-finances

amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

display_name: amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

ausgaben

display_name: ausgaben

avenant

display_name: avenant

bilan

display_name: bilan

bilanz

display_name: bilanz

budget

display_name: budget

bund

display_name: bund

bundeshaushalt

display_name: bundeshaushalt

complemento

display_name: complemento

compte-d-etat

display_name: compte-d-etat

compte-de-resultats

display_name: compte-de-resultats

confederation

display_name: confederation

confederation-suisse

display_name: confederation-suisse

confederazione

display_name: confederazione

confederazione-svizzera

display_name: confederazione-svizzera

consuntivo

display_name: consuntivo

conto-economico

display_name: conto-economico

credit-supplementaire

display_name: credit-supplementaire

credito-aggiuntivo

display_name: credito-aggiuntivo

depenses

display_name: depenses

eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung

display_name: eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung

einnahmen

display_name: einnahmen

entrate

display_name: entrate

erfolgsrechnung

display_name: erfolgsrechnung

expenditure

display_name: expenditure

openglam

display_name: openglam

it: Consuntivo della confederazione - Ufficio


espace-reserve-aux-eaux-ere

geography

fr: Géographie

territory

fr: Territoire et environnement

de: Raum und Umwelt

en: Territory and environment

it: Territorio e ambiente

title_for_slug: espace-reserve-aux-eaux-ere

fr: amenagement-des-cours-deau amenagement-local planification-de-lespace-physique cours-deau amenagement-du-territoire

de: wasserbau ortsplanung raumplanung wasserlauf raumordnung-und--planung

en: river-management local-planning physical-planning watercourse land-management-and-planning

it: sistemazione-dei-corsi-dacqua pianificazione-locale pianificazione-dello-spazio-fisico corso-dacqua sfruttamento-razionale-del-territorio

spatial: Canton de Fribourg (FR)

fr: Accès aux données (fr) : téléchargement et services web (Géoportail cantonal)

fr: Datenzugriff (de): Download und Webservices (Kantonales Geoportal)

fr: L'espace réservé aux eaux (ERE) est un corridor bordant les eaux superficielles dans lequel les constructions sont interdites. Il a pour but non seulement de sauvegarder les fonctions naturelles des cours d'eau et des étendues d’eau, mais également d'améliorer la protection contre les crues. Dans le canton de Fribourg, l'ERE est associé à trois données géographique : - la limite de l'ERE : délimitation de l'ERE au sens strict (art. 41a OEaux); - la limite de construction : distance de construction minimale aux cours d'eau et aux étendues d’eau; - la largeur naturelle : largeur naturelle du fond du lit, utilisée pour la délimitation de l'ERE. Les dispositions légales par rapport à l'interdiction de construire dans l'ERE figurent dans l’ordonnance fédérale sur la protection des eaux et dans la loi cantonale sur les eaux.

fr: Geoinformation Canton Fribourg

de: Geoinformation Kanton Freiburg

en: Geoinformation Canton Fribourg

it: Geoinformazione Canton Friburgo

fr: Les géodonnées publiques du Canton Fribourg sont gérées par le Centre de compétence SIT du Service du cadastre et de la géomatique SCG et mises à disposition sous forme de services web et de téléchargement via le géoportail cantonal.

en: The public geodata of the Canton Fribourg are managed by the GIS Competence Center of the Office of Surveying and Geomatics (VGA) and made available via the cantonal geoportal as web services and for download.

de: Die öffentlichen Geodaten des Kantons Freiburg werden durch das GIS-Kompetenzzentrum des Amtes für Vermessung und Geomatik VGA verwaltet und über das kantonale Geoportal als Webservices und zum Download bereitgestellt.

it: I geodati pubblici del Canton Friburgo sono gestiti dal Centro di competenza GIS dell'Ufficio della Misurazione e della Geomatica (SCG) e messi a disposizione tramite il geoportale cantonale come servizi web e per il download.

value: Fribourg-Kt - Geocat Harvester

fr: Espace réservé aux eaux (ERE)


staatsrechnungen-kategorie

title_for_slug: staatsrechnungen-kategorie

fr: credit-supplementaire confederation-suisse supplement openglam planification-financiere compte-de-resultats compte-d-etat recettes glam depenses bilan avenant confederation finances-federales budget administration-federale-des-finances

de: nachtragskredit glam bund openglam einnahmen finanzplanung ausgaben nachtrag eidgenossische-finanzverwaltung erfolgsrechnung bilanz schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft staatsrechnung voranschlag budget bundeshaushalt

it: budget amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze credito-aggiuntivo openglam entrate glam confederazione-svizzera conto-economico consuntivo complemento uscite-bilancio pianificazione-finanziaria preventivo confederazione

fr: SPARQL Endpoint avec présélection du graphe

en: SPARQL Endpoint with graph preselection

administration-federale-des-finances

display_name: administration-federale-des-finances

amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

display_name: amministrazione-federale-delle-finanze

ausgaben

display_name: ausgaben

avenant

display_name: avenant

bilan

display_name: bilan

bilanz

display_name: bilanz

budget

display_name: budget

bund

display_name: bund

bundeshaushalt

display_name: bundeshaushalt

complemento

display_name: complemento

compte-d-etat

display_name: compte-d-etat

federal-finance-administration

display_name: federal-finance-administration

federal-finances

display_name: federal-finances

finances-federales

display_name: finances-federales

financial-planning

display_name: financial-planning

finanzplanung

display_name: finanzplanung

glam

display_name: glam

nachtrag

display_name: nachtrag

nachtragskredit

display_name: nachtragskredit

pianificazione-finanziaria

display_name: pianificazione-finanziaria

planification-financiere

display_name: planification-financiere

preventivo

display_name: preventivo

receipts

display_name: receipts

recettes

display_name: recettes

schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft

display_name: schweizerische-eidgenossenschaft

staatsrechnung

display_name: staatsrechnung

schweizerisches-bundesarchiv-bar

fr: En tant que centre de prestations et de compétences de la Confédération pour une gestion durable de l'information, les Archives fédérales suisses évaluent, prennent en charge, mettent en valeur et communiquent tous les documents de la Confédération suisse qui ont une valeur archivistique.

de: Das Schweizerische Bundesarchiv ist das Dienstleistungs- und Kompetenzzentrum des Bundes für nachhaltiges Informationsmanagement. Es bewertet, sichert, erschliesst und vermittelt archivwürdige Unterlagen der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft.

it: L'Archivio federale svizzero è il centro di servizio e competenza della Confederazione per la gestione a lungo termine delle informazioni. In questa funzione è incaricato di valutare, salvaguardare, catalogare e rendere accessibili i documenti di valore archivistico della Confederazione Svizzera.

it: Consuntivo della confederazione - Categoria