en: Request Data

en: This dataset is hosted by IAP and therefore, access to the dataset must be requested to the original data provider.

en: Additional publications

media_type: text/html

format: HTML

en:
The IAP has been monitoring forest health since 1984 on behalf of cantonal forest and environmental offices and in collaboration with the Federal Office for the Environment. In the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program (WDB) project, the health, growth and nutrient supply of beech, spruce and oak in managed forest ecosystems are studied on about 190 forest plots. The plots cover the most important gradients of Swiss forests, such as different climatic conditions in precipitation, temperature, as well as differences in soil and in the input of air pollutants such as nitrogen and ozone. Currently (date 2020) 94 plots with 6268 beech trees, 75 plots with 4547 spruce trees, and 50 plots with 1858 oak trees are surveyed in the Intercantonal WDB. Annual investigations include crown condition and tree loss by mortality, uprooting and stem breakage. Every 4 year stem increment is measured on all 12’673 trees and 8 branches are harvested by helicopter very 4 years and subsequently examined for the following parameters:

- Nutrient analysis in foliage (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn)
- Leaf area and weight
- Shoot growth (retrospective for Norway spruce, beech and oak)
- Discoloration and parasite infestation
- Fructification of beech (retrospectively)

In addition, soil samples for analysing the chemistry of the solid phase are taken every 12 years. Also changes in the ground vegetation is assessed every 12 years. On a subset of the plots soil solution is sampled monthly *[(Soil solution monitoring of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program)](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/soil-solution-monitoring-of-the-intercantonal-forest-observation-program)*. In addition, soil water potential and soil moisture are measured in a subset of sites of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program *[(Soil moisture and soil water potential measurements of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program)](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/soil-water-measurements-wdb)*.

These data allow to gain a unique understanding of the main factors influencing the forest and the most important changes, which are very valuable especially in the context of climate change. The insights are of great importance for cantonal and regional forest planning as well as for national and international determinations of critical loads and limits (e.g. CLempN, UNECE CLRTAP).

iap

display_name: iap

long-term-data-sets

display_name: long-term-data-sets

long-term-monitoring

display_name: long-term-monitoring

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab

wdb

display_name: wdb

en: Intercantonal Forest Observation Program – Interkantonale Walddauerbeobachtung (WDB)


en: forcing transport freshwater-flux freezing salinity cryospheric-science sea-ice satellite antartic melting sea-ice-divergence polar southern-ocean physical-oceanography salt sea-ice-volume mass-balance climate-change

state: active

type: dataset

en: Data in NetCDF4 CF-1.6 format

format: SERVICE

en: Link to Related Publication

en: Explanatory Document

media_type: application/pdf

format: PDF

en:
This data set provides estimates of annual fresh water fluxes related to sea-ice formation from ocean freezing and snow-ice formation, sea-ice melting, lateral transport of sea ice in the Southern Ocean over the period 1982 to 2008.It is derived from a mass balance calculation of local sea-ice volume change and divergence from satellite data and sea-ice reconstructions. The mass balance is calculated on a daily basis and fluxes are then integrated over the entire year, where a year is defined from March to February of the next year (i.e. from March 1982 to February 2009). This approach combines multiple products of sea-ice concentration (Cavalieri & Parkinson, 2008;Comiso, 1986; Meier et al., 2013), sea-ice thickness (Kurtz & Markus, 2012; Massonnet et al., 2013; Worby et al., 2008), and sea-ice drift (Fowler et al., 2013; Kwok 2005; Schwegmann et al., 2011). For a detailed description of the method see Haumann et al. (2016). The data set is derived to estimate large-scale (regional to basin-scale) fluxes on an annual basis. Our confidence is reduced on a grid cell basis, such as for single coastal polynyas, where the method and underlying data induce large, unknown uncertainties.

_Disclaimer: This data set is free to use for any non-commercial purpose at the risk of the user and the authors do not take any liability on the use of the data set. The authors assembled the data set carefully and assessed accuracy, errors, and uncertainties. Please contact the authors if you find any issues._

Related publication: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v537/n7618/full/nature19101.html (doi:10.1038/nature19101)

Disclaimer: This data set is free to use for any non-commercial purpose at the risk of the user and the authors do not take any liability on the use of the data set. The authors assembled the data set carefully and assessed accuracy, errors, and uncertainties. Please contact the authors if you find any issues.

antartic

display_name: antartic

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

cryospheric-science

display_name: cryospheric-science

forcing

display_name: forcing

freezing

display_name: freezing

freshwater-flux

display_name: freshwater-flux

mass-balance

display_name: mass-balance

melting

display_name: melting

physical-oceanography

display_name: physical-oceanography

polar

display_name: polar

salinity

display_name: salinity

salt

display_name: salt

satellite

display_name: satellite

sea-ice

display_name: sea-ice

sea-ice-divergence

display_name: sea-ice-divergence

sea-ice-volume

display_name: sea-ice-volume

southern-ocean

display_name: southern-ocean

transport

display_name: transport

educ

fr: Éducation, culture et sport

de: Bildung, Kultur und Sport

en: Education, culture and sport

it: Istruzione, cultura e sport

envidat

fr: EnviDat: le portail de données environnementales

de: EnviDat: das Umwelt-Datenportal

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

it: EnviDat: il portale dei dati ambientali

fr: EnviDat est le portail de données du WSL; il offre un accès uniformisé et réglementé aux données de surveillance et de recherche en matière d’environnement. Ce portail est capable d’héberger et de publier des ensembles de données précieuses et uniques, qui sont partagées aux quatre coins de la planète. Ce faisant, EnviDat favorise la recherche et contribue à l’avancement des sciences environnementales.

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

it: EnviDat è il portale dati del WSL che fornisce un accesso unificato e gestito ai dati di monitoraggio ambientale e di ricerca. Il portale ha la capacità di ospitare e pubblicare serie di dati preziosi e unici che vengono condivisi in tutto il mondo. Così facendo, EnviDat promuove la ricerca e contribuisce al progresso della scienza ambientale.

political_level: other

wsl

capacity: public

type: organization

approval_status: approved

key: guid

key: uri

value: Envidat Harvester

en: Antarctic sea-ice freshwater fluxes associated with freezing, transport, and melting


maintainer: EnviDat Support

en: uas snow-depth snow swe remote-sensing

en: HS map Brämabül, 14. April 2015

media_type: image/tiff

en:
10 cm resolution
15 cm accuracy

format: TIFF

mimetype: image/tiff

en: .tfw file

en: coordinates for the .tif raster

en:
This snow depth map was generated 14 January 2015, close to peak of winter accumulation, applying Unmanned Aerial System digital surface models with a spatial resolution of 10 cm. The covered area is 285'000 m2 at the top of Brämabüel, 2490 m a.s.l. covering all expositions. Coordinate system: CH1903LV03.

A detailed description is given here:

Bühler, Y., Adams, M. S., Bösch, R., and Stoffel, A.: Mapping snow depth in alpine terrain with unmanned aerial systems (UASs): potential and limitations, The Cryosphere, 10, 1075-1088, 10.5194/tc-10-1075-2016, 2016.

Abstract:
Detailed information on the spatial and temporal distribution, and variability of snow depth (HS) is a crucial input for numerous applications in hydrology, climatology, ecology and avalanche research. Nowadays, snow depth distribution is usually estimated by combining point measurements from weather stations or observers in the field with spatial interpolation algorithms. However, even a dense measurement network is not able to capture the large spatial variability of snow depth in alpine terrain.
Remote sensing methods, such as laser scanning or digital photogrammetry, have recently been successfully applied to map snow depth variability at local and regional scales. However, such data acquisition is costly, if manned airplanes are involved. The effectiveness of ground-based measurements on the other hand, is often hindered by occlusions, due to the complex terrain or acute viewing angles. In this paper, we investigate the application of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), in combination with structure-from-motion photogrammetry, to map snow depth distribution. Such systems have the advantage that they are comparatively cost-effective and can be applied very flexibly to cover also otherwise inaccessible terrain. In this study we map snow depth at two different locations: a) a sheltered location at the bottom of the Flüela valley (1900 m a.s.l.) and b) an exposed location (2500 m a.s.l.) on a peak in the ski resort Jakobshorn, both in the vicinity of Davos, Switzerland. At the first test site, we monitor the ablation on three different dates. We validate the photogrammetric snow depth maps using simultaneously acquired manual snow depth measurements. The resulting snow depth values have a root mean square error (RMSE) better than 0.07 to 0.15 m on meadows and rocks and a RMSE better than 0.30 m on sections covered by bushes or tall grass. This new measurement technology opens the door for efficient, flexible, repeatable and cost effective snow depth monitoring for various applications, investigating the worlds cryosphere.

remote-sensing

display_name: remote-sensing

snow

display_name: snow

snow-depth

display_name: snow-depth

swe

display_name: swe

uas

display_name: uas

en: UAS based snow depth maps Brämabüel, Davos, CH


causal-effect-of-mfoz

title_for_slug: causal-effect-of-mfoz

en: built-up-land-change causality the-major-function-oriented-zone fujian-province propensity-score-matching selection-bias

en: Data and Stata code for repeating the results

media_type: application/zip

en:
Data.xlsx is the variables of 952 townships
Table 1-2 NN(1-1)_noreplace_caliper(0.01).do is STATA code to produce the results in Table 1 and 2
Figure 5 Distribution of the propensity scores.R is R code rto produce Figure 5
Figure 5 Standard mean difference.R is R code rto produce Figure 5

format: ZIP

en:
Title: Closer to causality: How effective is spatial planning in governing built-up land expansion in Fujian Province, China?

Research objective: The Major Function Oriented Zone (MFOZ), the first strategic spatial plan in China, is developed to achieve a coordinated regional development, through spatial regulation and zoning of development. The MFOZ he MFOZ divided land into four major function-oriented zones: The development-optimized zone, the development-prioritised zone, the development-restricted zone, and the development-prohibited zone. We used propensity score marching to evaluate the effect of the MFOZ on built-up land expansion in Fujian Province over three time intervals (2013–2015, 2013–2018 and 2013–2020).

Data: Data.xlsx contains the variables of 954 towns in Fujian Province.
Town_ID is the town unique ID;
County_ID is the county unique ID;
City_ID is the city unique ID;
MFOZ is the the development-prioritised zone and the development-restricted zone (The development-optimized zone and the development-prohibited zone are excluded);
Builtup_13_15 is the built-up land expansion from 2013 to 2015;
Builtup_13_18 is the built-up land expansion from 2013 to 2018;
Builtup_13_20 is the built-up land expansion from 2013 to 2020;
Dis2water is the Euclidean distance from the town to the nearest waterbody;
Slope is the the average slope within the town;
GDP is the average GDP in 2010 within the town;
Pop is the average population in 2010 within the town;
Road is the average population in 2010 within the town;
Dis2city is the Euclidean distance from the town to the nearest prefectural city centre;
Nei_Arable, Nei_Forest, and Nei_Built.up are the area of arable land, forest land, and built-up land neighbouring town i in 2010.

Method: we used the propensity score matching to compare the changes in the amount of built-up land in the towns of the development-prioritised zone with the matched towns of the development-restricted zone. Additionally, we used three evaluation intervals (2013–2015, 2013–2018 and 2013–2020) to evaluate temporal variation in the causal effect of the MFOZ on built-up land expansion.

built-up-land-change

display_name: built-up-land-change

causality

display_name: causality

fujian-province

display_name: fujian-province

propensity-score-matching

display_name: propensity-score-matching

selection-bias

display_name: selection-bias

the-major-function-oriented-zone

display_name: the-major-function-oriented-zone

en: Causal effect of MFOZ


aerosol-data-davos-wolfgang

title_for_slug: aerosol-data-davos-wolfgang

en: aerosol drincz raclets inp particles ice-nucleation

en: APS Dataset Davos Wolfgang

en: The APS file contains aerosol data (total number concentration, median, mean, geometric mean, mode and geometric standard deviation of the size distribution) for aerodynamic diameters between 0.5 μm and ~20 μm as well as instrument characteristics, in a temporal resolution of 20 seconds, with time in UTC, measured at Davos Wolfgang.

mimetype: application/x-netcdf

en: OPC GT-526S Dataset Davos Wolfgang

media_type: text/csv

en: Particle counts were recorded in six size channels (0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1.5, 2.5 and 5 μm) in a resolution of 20 seconds (time in UTC) by a particle counter (GT-526S, Met One Instruments, Inc.).

format: CSV

mimetype: text/csv

en: SMPS Dataset Davos Wolfgang

en: The SMPS file contains aerosol data (particle concentration, total number concentration, median, mean, geometric mean, mode and geometric standard deviation of the size distribution) in a size range between 12 and 460 nm (electrical mobility diameter) as well as instrument characteristics (sample temperature, pressure, relative humidity, mean free path and gas viscosity), in a temporal resolution of 2 minutes, with time in UTC, measured at Davos Wolfgang.

en: OPC-N3 Dataset Davos Wolfgang

en: Particle concentrations in a size range of 0.35 μm to 40 μm were measured with an OPC-N3 (Alphasense, Inc.) in a resolution of 20 seconds (time in UTC). PM₁, PM₂,₅ and PM₁₀ were directly derived.

en: DRINCZ Dataset Davos Wolfgang

en: The DRINCZ file contains information on temperature (in °C) dependent frozen fractions, number of Ice Nuleating Particles (INP, per standard liter) and differential INP concentrations (per standard liter and Kelvin).

en:
Aerosol properties were measured between February 8 and March 31 2019 at the measurement site Davos Wolfgang (LON: 9.853594, LAT: 46.835577). Optical and aerodynamic particle counters, as well as a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer and an ice nuclei counter were deployed to report particle concentrations and size distributions in fine (10-1000 nm) and coarse mode (> 1000 nm), cloud condensation nuclei concentrations (CCNCs) and ice nuclei particle concentrations (ICNCs). The ambient particles were transported via a heated inlet to be distributed to the particle detecting devices inside the setup room.

Optical Particle Counter (OPC): Light scattering of a diode laser beam caused by travelling particles is used in the both, the OPC-N3 (0.41 - 38.5 μm) and GT-526S (0.3 – 5 μm), to determine their size and number concentration. For the OPC-N3, particle size spectra and concentration data are used afterwards to calculate PM₁, PM₂,₅ and PM₁₀ (assumptions: particle density: 1.65 g cmˉ³, refractive index: 1.5+i0).

Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS): The APS (3321, TSI Inc.) measured the particle size distribution for aerodynamic diameters between 0.5 μm and ~20 μm by the particle’s time-of-flight and light-scattering intensity (assumptions: particle density 1 g cmˉ³).

Scanning Mobility Particle Size Spectrometer (SMPS): Particle number concentrations in a size range between 12 and 460 nm (electrical mobility diameter) were measured at Davos Wolfgang, using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer (3938, TSI Inc.). The classifier (3082, TSI Inc.) was equipped with a neutralizer (3088, TSI Inc.) and a differential mobility analyzer working with negative polarity (3081, TSI Inc.). The size selected particles were counted by a water-based condensation particle counter (3788 , TSI Inc.). The TSI AIM software was used to provide particle size distributions by applying multiple charge and diffusion loss corrections (assumptions: particle density 1 g cmˉ³).

Coriolis μ and DRINCZ: A microbial air sampler (Coriolis μ, bertin Instruments) was used to collect airborne particles for investigating their ice nucleating ability with a droplet freezing device. Particles larger than 0.5 μm were drawn with an air flow rate of up to 300 l minˉ¹ into the cone and centrifuged into the wall of the cone due to the forming vortex. The liquid sample was transferred into the DRoplet Ice Nuclei Counter Zurich (DRINCZ, ETH Zurich) to study heterogeneous ice formation (immersion freezing mode) of ambient airborne particles.

aerosol

display_name: aerosol

drincz

display_name: drincz

ice-nucleation

display_name: ice-nucleation

inp

display_name: inp

particles

display_name: particles

raclets

display_name: raclets

en: Aerosol Data Davos Wolfgang


maintainer: Yves Bühler

en: hazard-mapping avalanche snow ramms release hazard-indication-mapping

en: RAMMS simulations NHESS

en: Simulated maximum pressures for the scenarios frequent and extreme taking the forest layer into account

mimetype: application/zip

en: Potential Release  Area  NHESS

en: This folder contains the output of the different investigated algorithms plus the reference dataset, used for training and validation.

en:
This dataset contains the output and reference data published in the paper "Automated snow avalanche release area delineation - validation of existing algorithms and proposition of a new object-based approach for large scale hazard indication mapping" Yves Bühler, Daniel von Rickenbach, Andreas Stoffel, Stefan Margreth, Lukas Stoffel, Marc Christen (2018) Natural Hazards And Earth System Sciences.

Abstract:
Snow avalanche hazard is threatening people and infrastructure in all alpine regions with seasonal or permanent snow cover around the globe. Coping with this hazard is a big challenge and during the past centuries, different strategies were developed. Today, in Switzerland, experienced avalanche engineers produce hazard maps with a very high reliability based on avalanche cadastre information, terrain analysis, climatological datasets and numerical modelling of the flow dynamics for selected avalanche tracks that might affect settlements. However, for regions outside the considered settlement areas such area-wide hazard maps are not available mainly because of the too high cost, in Switzerland and in most mountain regions around the world. Therefore, hazard indication maps, even though they are less reliable and less detailed, are often the only spatial planning tool available. To produce meaningful and cost-effective avalanche hazard indication maps over large regions (regional to national scale), automated release area delineation has to be combined with volume estimations and state-of-the-art numerical avalanche simulations.

In this paper we validate existing potential release area (PRA) delineation algorithms, published in peer-reviewed journals, that are based on digital terrain models and their derivatives such as slope angle, aspect, roughness and curvature. For validation, we apply avalanche cadastre data from three different ski resorts in the vicinity of Davos, Switzerland, where experienced ski-patrol staff mapped most avalanches in detail since many years. After calculating the best fit input parameters for every tested algorithm, we compare their performance based on the reference datasets. Because all tested algorithms do not provide meaningful delineation between individual potential release areas (PRA), we propose a new algorithm based on object-based image analysis (OBIA). In combination with an automatic procedure to estimate the average release depth (d0), defining the avalanche release volume, this algorithm enables the numerical simulation of thousands of avalanches over large regions applying the well-established avalanche dynamics model RAMMS. We demonstrate this for the region of Davos for two hazard scenarios, frequent (10 – 30 years return period) and extreme (100 – 300 years return period). This approach opens the door for large scale avalanche hazard indication mapping in all regions where high quality and resolution digital terrain models and snow data are available.

avalanche

display_name: avalanche

hazard-indication-mapping

display_name: hazard-indication-mapping

hazard-mapping

display_name: hazard-mapping

ramms

display_name: ramms

release

display_name: release

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Automated Avalanche Release Area (PRA) Delineation Davos


maintainer: Esther Frei

en: treeline-ecosystems literature-review long-term-experiment stillberg mountain-ecology

en: The Stillberg bibliography (Stillberg_bibliography_v1.zip) comprises a comprehensive list of 276 scientific publications, 91 of them published in peer-reviewed ISI journals (Stillberg_bibliography_data_v1.csv) along with the metadata file (Stillberg_bibliography_metadata_v1.csv). Currently the bibliography comprises literature about the main afforestation experiment, the FACE × warming experiment, the nutrient addition experiment, and the G-TREE experiment, as well as further publications related to the Stillberg research site that have been published until August 2023. The bibliography can be filtered for different categories, e.g., experiment, peer-review, source repository or database, and source title.

en:
 Background information

The Stillberg ecological treeline research site in the Swiss Alps was established in 1975, with the aim to develop ecologically, technically, and economically sustainable reforestation techniques at the treeline to reduce the risk of snow avalanches. In the course of time, additional research aspects gained importance, such as the ecology of the treeline ecotone under global change. Over almost fifty years, research at the Stillberg site combined long-term monitoring of the large-scale high-elevation afforestation with experimental manipulations simulating global change impacts. Besides providing a scientific basis and practical guidelines for high-elevation afforestation, this research has contributed to a comprehensive understanding of ecological processes in the treeline ecotone across different compartments and scales, from individual trees, non-tree vegetation and soils to whole ecosystems, in the context of global change resulting in more than 150 publications.

 Dataset generation

We compiled a comprehensive list of scientific publications covering research at the Stillberg research site by conducting searches in the literature databases Web of Science and Google Scholar, as well as in the Digital Object Repository of the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL (DORA). We compiled all publications about the afforestation experiment, the FACE × warming experiment, the nutrient addition experiment, the G-TREE experiment, as well as other studies related to the Stillberg research site.

 Data description

The Stillberg bibliography (Stillberg_bibliography_data_v1.csv) comprises a comprehensive list of 276 scientific publications, 91 of them published in peer-reviewed ISI journals. Currently the bibliography comprises literature about the main afforestation experiment, the FACE × warming experiment, the nutrient addition experiment, and the G-TREE experiment, as well as further publications related to the Stillberg research site that have been published until August 2023. The bibliography can be filtered for different categories, e.g., experiment, peer-review, source repository or database, and source title. The bibliography is described in a metadata file (Stillberg_bibliography_metadata_v1.csv). The bibliography along with the metadata file are provided in a ZIP-folder (Stillberg_bibliography_v1.zip).

literature-review

display_name: literature-review

long-term-experiment

display_name: long-term-experiment

mountain-ecology

display_name: mountain-ecology

stillberg

display_name: stillberg

treeline-ecosystems

display_name: treeline-ecosystems

en: Bibliography of the long-term treeline research site Stillberg, Switzerland


radar-wind-profiler-davos-wolfgang

maintainer: Maxim Hervo

title_for_slug: radar-wind-profiler-davos-wolfgang

en: raclets wind-direction radar wolfgangpass wind-speed

en: Radar Wind Profiler Data

en: A Vaisala Lap3000 was installed at Davos Wolfgang to record wind profiles. The time format is number of days fom January 0, 0000 in UTC with a 10 minute resolution.

en: The RADAR wind profiler from Meteoswiss was installed at Davos Wolfgang (LON: 9.853594, LAT: 46.835577) and measured from 2171 m above sea level to 11079 m, with a temporal resolution of 10 minutes.

radar

display_name: radar

wind-direction

display_name: wind-direction

wind-speed

display_name: wind-speed

wolfgangpass

display_name: wolfgangpass

en: RADAR Wind profiler Davos Wolfgang


en: lfi switzerland woody-species sdm mogli

en: Map Access

media_type: text/plain

en: Maps are available as georeferenced rasters on request via login or directly via [Andri Baltensweiler](https://www.wsl.ch/en/employees/baltensw.html).

format: TXT

en: MoGLI Summary

en: A summary of methods and results on the potential distribution maps of woody species in Swiss forests.

en: Tabelle S2

en:
Tabelle S2 zum Artikel: Wüest Karpati et al. (2021) Modellierte Verbreitungskarten der häufigsten Gehölzarten der Schweiz, _Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen_ 172:4

Übersicht zu den verwendeten Umweltprädiktoren für diejenigen Arten, welche das Qualitätskriterium zur Publikation nicht erreichten (TSS < 0.5)

en: Tabelle S1

en:
Tabelle S1 zum Artikel: Wüest Karpati et al. (2021) Modellierte Verbreitungskarten der häufigsten Gehölzarten der Schweiz, _Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen_ 172:4

Übersicht zu den verwendeten Umweltprädiktoren für alle Arten mit erfülltem Qualitätskriterium (TSS > 0.5).

en: Tabelle S3

en:
Tabelle S3 zum Artikel: Wüest Karpati et al. (2021) Modellierte Verbreitungskarten der häufigsten Gehölzarten der Schweiz, _Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen_ 172:4

Liste der verwendeten Umweltprädiktoren für jede der Arten mit erfülltem Qualitätskriterium (TSS > 0.5).

en:
**We used Swiss National Forest Inventory ([NFI](https://www.lfi.ch/index-en.php)) data to model the potential distribution of the most common woody species for the forested area of Switzerland and provide potential distribution maps that fulfill specific quality criteria with regard to predicting performance.**

More details on the methods and results are described in the project summary available [here](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/07a9c22c-9ec2-4f49-87e2-3b2d73ad81f2/resource/9bfd5308-d9be-4d01-ab78-48d33889e04e/download/mogli_summary.pdf).

**The resulting maps can be viewed in a simple web-GIS application available at:**
[https://www.lfi.ch/produkte/mogli/mogli-en.php](https://www.lfi.ch/produkte/mogli/mogli-en.php)

**Data can be used without restrictions, but the data must be explicitly asked from the contact person of the dataset in order to obtain access.**
This is a requirement to fulfill the needs of reporting towards the funding agencies.

lfi

display_name: lfi

mogli

display_name: mogli

sdm

display_name: sdm

switzerland

display_name: switzerland

woody-species

display_name: woody-species

en: Distribution maps of common woody species for Swiss forests


disdrometer-data-gotschnagrat

title_for_slug: disdrometer-data-gotschnagrat

en: raclets hydrometeors visibility disdrometer precipitation

en: Disdrometer Data Gotschnagrat

en: The zip folder contains one netCDF file per day for Gotschnagrat from February 11 to March 27 2019 with a temporal resolution of 30 seconds (time in UTC). The naming convention for the files is Gotschna_YYYYMMDD.nc and the files include the following: characteristics of hydrometeors (e.g. diameter, fall velocity, amount per diameter class,...), precipitation rate, radar reflectivity, visibility range, weather codes and instrument performance.

en: A laser optical disdrometer (Parsivel² , OTT Hydromet) was deployed at Gotschnagrat (LON: 9.849, LAT: 46.859) to measure hydrometeors by extinction when passing a laser beam. The instrument can classify eight different kinds of precipitation, including rain, hail, snow, drizzle, and hybrid forms. The dataset contains information on precipitation amount and type for the period of February 11 to March 27 2019 at Gotschnagrat.

disdrometer

display_name: disdrometer

hydrometeors

display_name: hydrometeors

precipitation

display_name: precipitation

raclets

display_name: raclets

visibility

display_name: visibility

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.


en: root-water-uptake plant-available-water-storage-capacity water-balance european-summer-drought physiological-drought

en: available water storage capacity (AWC)

en: Root distribution and root water uptake

en: Root density distribution derived from 44 soil profiles and simulated daily root water uptake (mm) aggregated for deciduous and coniferous trees across Switzerland.

en: measured soil matric potential

en: In daily resolution for a site near Neunkirch and Hohtenn from 2014 to 2018.

en: Soil matric potential (kPa)

en: Mean simulated values for August 2018 with 500m spatial resolution.

en: Soil water pools with soil depth

en: Average plant available - (AWC), gravitational (GWC) and residual (RES) water capacity per soil depth layer of the Swiss forest.

format: XLS

en: monthly covariance measurements

en: Data from Davos and Lägeren from 2013-2019

en: Posterior LWF-Brook90 model parameters

en: Sensitive above and belowground parameters of LWF-Brook90 model are provided for best runs of the calibration against soil matric potential data.

en: Gravitational water capacity (mm)

en: Calculated for 1m soil depth and the potential rooting depth at 500m spatial resolution.

en: water balance fluxes

en: Average yearly simulated water fluxes (mm) for the Swiss forest at 500m spatial resolution.

en: Uncertainties of the available water storage capacity (mm)

en: Calculated for 1m soil depth and the potential rooting depth (mrd).

en: Ratio of actual to potential transpiration

en: Simulated monthly values at 500m spatial resolution.

en:
The Swiss forests' water availability during the 2015 and 2018 droughts was modelled by implementing the mechanistic Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere-Transport (SVAT) model LWF-Brook90 taking advantage of regionalized depth-resolved soil information and measured soil matric potential and eddy covariance data. Data include
1) csv of soil matrix potential and eddy covariance data, 2) csv of posterior model parameters, 3) geotiffs of plant-available water storage capacity until 1m soil depth and the potential rooting depth, 4) geotiffs of yearly average (2014-2019) of precipitation (P), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), evaporation as the sum of soil, snow and interception evaporation (E), actual transpiration (Ta), runoff (F) and total soil water storage (SWAT), 5) csv of simulated root water uptake aggregated for different soil depths per deciduous and coniferous trees across Switzerland at daily resolution and cumulative root fraction per soil depth for coniferous and deciduous sites, 6) geotiffs of the ratio of actual to potential transpiration (-) as mean of non-drought years 2014, 2016, 2017, 2019 and 2015 and 2018 for the month June, July, August, September and October, 7) geotiff of mean soil matric potential in the rooting zone in August 2018, 8) geotiffs of gravitational water capacity (mm) until 1 m soil depth and the maximum rooting depth (mrd), 9) geotiffs of uncertainties of the available water storage capacity (AWC) until 1m soil depth and the mean maximum rooting depth (mrd), 10) csv of average plant available - (AWC), gravitational (GWC) and residual (RES) water capacity per soil depth layer of the Swiss forest.

european-summer-drought

display_name: european-summer-drought

physiological-drought

display_name: physiological-drought

plant-available-water-storage-capacity

display_name: plant-available-water-storage-capacity

root-water-uptake

display_name: root-water-uptake

water-balance

display_name: water-balance

en: Water availability of Swiss forests during the 2015 and 2018 droughts


length-of-forest-roads

title_for_slug: length-of-forest-roads

en:
The length of forest roads corresponds to the length of the NFI forest roads. This length was calculated according to the method of the specific NFI concerned.

Citation:
 > _Abegg, M.; Brändli, U.-B.; Cioldi, F.; Fischer, C.; Herold-Bonardi, A.; Huber M.; Keller, M.; Meile, R.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Traub, B.; Vidondo, B. (2014). Fourth national forest inventory - result tables and maps on the Internet for the NFI 2009-2013 (NFI4b). [Published online 06.11.2014] Available from World Wide Web http://www.lfi.ch/resultate/ Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. [doi:10.21258/1057112](https://doi.org/10.21258/1057112)_

accessible-forest-without-shrub-forest

display_name: accessible-forest-without-shrub-forest

biogeographical-region

display_name: biogeographical-region

canton

display_name: canton

economic-region

display_name: economic-region

length-of-forest-roads

display_name: length-of-forest-roads

lower-higher-altitudinal-zones

display_name: lower-higher-altitudinal-zones

ownership

display_name: ownership

production-region

display_name: production-region

protection-forest-region

display_name: protection-forest-region

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Length of forest roads


maintainer: Chunhong Zhao

en: urban-morphology austin landscape land-dynamics land-use

en: Land use dynamics in Austin since 1992

en: The present dataset is part of the published scientific paper Zhao C, Weng Q, Hersperger A M. Characterizing the 3-D urban morphology transformation to understand urban-form dynamics: a case study of Austin, Texas, USA. Landscape and urban planning, 2020, 203:103881. The overall objective of this paper is to understand urban form dynamics in the Austin metropolitan area for the periods 2006–2011 and 2011–2016. The study also aims to understand to what extent the changes in the built environment (in terms of ‘efficient growth’ versus ‘inefficient growth’) from the 1990s to 2016 in the Austin metropolitan area corresponded with ‘compact and efficient growth’ planning policy documents. The UMT distribution can be found in the paper. The area of transitioning UMT was provided in Table 2 and Table 3 can be found in the Appendix of the paper. A protocol was developed to perform the content analysis of the strategic plans and gather the data. The detailed list of protocol items can be found in Appendix B of the paper. This study demonstrates the advantage of applying Lidar data to characterize 3-D urban morphology type (UMT) transition and understand its dynamics, which helps develop a comprehensive understanding of the urbanization process and provides a tool for planning intentions and policies evaluation on urban development over time. The UMT maps can be found in Appendix A of the paper. The Lidar point datasets and the 30 × 30 m National Land Cover Database (NLCD) are the two main data sources of UMT mapping. Lidar datasets were gathered from different projects that had been conducted and collected by state agencies and other organizations between 2007 and 2017. Table A1 in the appendix in the paper shows the accuracies and acquisition parameters of the Lidar projects from 2007 to 2017. Land use/cover dynamics in Austin metropolitan area dataset provides Land use/cover patterns in the years 1992, 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2016 with a spatial resolution of 30 meters. Since NLCD 1992 used a different classification system for the urban land classes, we first reclassified the NLCD 1992 using a customized Arcpy package.

austin

display_name: austin

land-dynamics

display_name: land-dynamics

land-use

display_name: land-use

landscape

display_name: landscape

urban-morphology

display_name: urban-morphology

en: Land use/cover dynamics in Austin metropolitan area since 1992


en: plan-evaluation governance landscape-principles green-infrastructure strategic-plan

en: Coding results

en: o	Results of the coding procedure. Data were used to create Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and to qualitatively present the results in the research paper.

en: o	Detailed description of all the protocol items used to conduct the analysis and the way each question was coded

en:
The present dataset is part of the published scientific paper Hersperger, A.M., Bürgi, M., Wende, W., Bacău, S. and Grădinaru, S.R., 2020. Does landscape play a role in strategic spatial planning of European urban regions?. Landscape and Urban Planning, 194, p.103702.

The goal of this research was to assess the role of landscape in contemporary strategic spatial planning. In order to assess the role of “landscape” in the strategic spatial plans, we focused on how plans took advantage of landscape’s integrative power, how plans are based on knowledge on functioning of landscape systems, and how plans show the contribution of landscapes to human well-being. For each aspect, a number of items (detailed in Table 1 of the paper) were selected to assist the assessment.
This study is based on content analysis of the strategic spatial plans of 18 European urban regions. The strategic spatial plans were retrieved from the planning authorities’ websites. The cases study regions as well as the analyzed strategic spatial plans are presented in Table 2 of the paper.
The authors developed a protocol containing 28 items, out of which 16 were directly derived from information presented in Table 1. As a result, we provide the following outputs:
•	Protocol_items.docx – freely available - Detailed description of all the protocol items used to conduct the analysis.
•	Coding results.xlsx – available on request - Results of the coding procedure. Data were used to create Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and to qualitatively present the results in the research paper.

governance

display_name: governance

green-infrastructure

display_name: green-infrastructure

landscape-principles

display_name: landscape-principles

plan-evaluation

display_name: plan-evaluation

strategic-plan

display_name: strategic-plan

en: Landscape in contemporary strategic spatial plans of European Urban regions


en: forest-structure snow-energy-balance forest-snow snow-models meteorological-data

en: Site overview

en: Overview of field sites

en: AWS data

en: Model driving data from operational AWS

en: Transect data

en: All meteorological and canopy structure data acquired at cable car transects

en: Point data

en: Wind speed data acquired with the portable meteorological stations

en: Grid data

en: Canopy structure and snow depth data at the grids

en:
This dataset contains datasets of sub-canopy meteorological variables acquired in coniferous forest stands in Switzerland (Davos, Engadine) and Finland (Sodankylä) during the winters 2018 and 2019. The data are presented and used in the publication:
Mazzotti, G., Essery, R., Webster, C., Malle, J., & Jonas T. (2020)
Process-level evaluation of a high-resolution forest snow model using observations from mobile multi-sensor platforms
Water Resources Research, under review

The above publication must be cited when using this dataset, and the user is referred to the publication for additional detail.

Data are grouped into 4 folders:
1) Point data includes wind speed data measured with stationary meteorological stations
2) Transect data includes data of incoming short- and longwave radiation, air and snow surface temperature acquired with an automated calblecar system along within-stand transects
3) Grid data includes data of incoming short- and longwave radiation, air and snow surface temperature acquired on 40x40m gridded plots using a handheld instrument, as well as snow depth data measured at the same grids.

Canopy structure information derived from hemispherical images is included for each all surveyed locations as well, and an overview of the field sites is provided.

forest-snow

display_name: forest-snow

forest-structure

display_name: forest-structure

meteorological-data

display_name: meteorological-data

snow-energy-balance

display_name: snow-energy-balance

snow-models

display_name: snow-models

en: Distributed sub-canopy datasets from mobile multi-sensor platforms (CH / FIN, 2018-2019) for hyper-resolution forest snow model evaluation


en: numerical-avalanche-forecasting avalanche avalanche-danger-level avalanche-forcasting machine-learning

en: This data set includes the meteorological variables (resampled 24-hour averages) and the profile variables extracted from the simulated profiles for each of the weather stations of the IMIS network in Switzerland, and, the danger ratings for dry-snow conditions assigned in the Swiss avalanche bulletin to the location of the weather station.

en: This subset of data includes the meteorological variables (resampled 24-hour averages) and the profile variables extracted from the simulated profiles for each of the weather stations of the IMIS network in Switzerland, and, the quality-controlled danger ratings for dry-snow avalanche conditions forecast in Switzerland.

en: README

en: This read-me file contains the descriptions of the variables

en:
Each set includes the meteorological variables (resampled 24-hour averages) and the profile variables extracted from the simulated profiles for each of the weather stations of the IMIS network in Switzerland, and, the danger ratings for dry-snow conditions assigned to the location of the station. The data set of RF 1 contains the danger ratings published in the official Swiss avalanche bulletin, and the data set of RF 2 is a quality-controlled subset of danger ratings.
These data are the basis of the following publication: Pérez-Guillén, C., Techel, F., Hendrick, M., Volpi, M., van Herwijnen, A., Olevski, T., Obozinski, G., Pérez-Cruz, F., and Schweizer, J.: Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2031–2056, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2031-2022, 2022.

avalanche

display_name: avalanche

avalanche-danger-level

display_name: avalanche-danger-level

avalanche-forcasting

display_name: avalanche-forcasting

machine-learning

display_name: machine-learning

numerical-avalanche-forecasting

display_name: numerical-avalanche-forecasting

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Weather, snowpack and danger ratings data for automated avalanche danger level predictions


en: forest-reserves long-term-monitoring permanent-plot switzerland natural-forest-dynamics

en: Metdata Description

en: This document gives an overview on the forest reserves monitoring network and describes the metadata contained in the file metadata.csv

en: Metadata

en: Metadata Forest Reserves Monitoring

en: Data Access (please log in)

en:
Long term monitoring of natural forests provides insights into ecological processes shaping forests without human intervention. To study natural forest dynamics, the former chair of silviculture at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) initiated a network of forest reserves in the late 1940's.
Since 2006, the monitoring is carried out in a cooperation project of the chair of Forest Ecology at ETH, the Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) and the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN). The project relaunch led to a streamlining of the reserve network, which now contains 33 of the original reserves and 16 new reserves.
The main goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of the federal reserve policy by analysing to what extent forest reserves differ from managed forests in terms of structure, dynamics, and habitat quality.

forest-reserves

display_name: forest-reserves

long-term-monitoring

display_name: long-term-monitoring

natural-forest-dynamics

display_name: natural-forest-dynamics

permanent-plot

display_name: permanent-plot

switzerland

display_name: switzerland

en: Forest Reserves Monitoring in Switzerland


en: water-table landslides soil-moisture-water-content hydrology meadow

en: Data Groundwater level in Soil.xlsx

en: Data Groundwater level in Bedrock.xlsx

en: We drilled six boreholes in two clusters. The boreholes reached a depth between 2 and 9 m below the ground surface. The lower half of boreholes BH1 and BH6 were cored with a 9 cm-diameter rotational diamond drilling head. The other boreholes were drilled destructively with an 11 cm-diameter Mitsubishi hammer system. Boreholes BH1, BH2 and BH5 were equipped with open standpipe piezometers, whereas BH3, BH4 and BH6 were equipped with a special piezometer system composed of an enclosed measuring cell at the bottom of a 1 inch-PVC tube. The free groundwater level in the PVC tube is measured in the standpipe piezometer, but it doesn’t necessarily represent the water table in the soil layer because the pressure sensor is located in the sealed lower part of the piezometer in the enclosed measuring cell and thus is not in contact with the air. This system allows the hydraulic pressure of lithologies with low permeability to be measured directly. Two piezometers were installed in BH6 at different depths. The PVC tubes were slotted at the bottom for 0.5, 1 or 2 meters and the boreholes were sealed carefully with clay pellets above this filter section to avoid by-pass and infiltration from the surface. DCX-22 pressure sensors from Keller AG Winterthur, with integrated data loggers, were installed in each piezometer to measure the relative hydraulic pressure at a 30 minute-intervals from November 2010 to November 2011. The data were corrected for in-situ air-pressure fluctuations.

en: Data Soil water content TDR.xlsm

en: Four test pits were excavated in summer 2010 along the slope to install vertical profiles of Time Domain Reflectometry sensors [Topp et al., 1980] to measure soil water content at depths of 0.25 m, 0.7 m, 1.1 m and 1.5 m. The 15 cm long TDR rods were inserted horizontally into the vertical walls of the pits, and the four pits were carefully refilled with the excavated soil. The water content was recorded from summer 2010 to fall 2011 at 10-minute time intervals using a Campbell TDR 100 system.

en: Data Lateral subsurface water flow.xlsm

en:
Rufiberg is a pre-alpine meadow site in Switzerland where shallow landslides have been observed after past intense rain storms. In order to assess the triggering mechanisms of these landslides, a comprehensive investigation was conducted within the project TRAMM from Nov 2009 to Oct 2012. It included meteorological observations, soil moisture measurements, bedrock groundwater measurements. The Rufiberg is located at the NW side of the Gnipen to the north of the village Arth-Goldau in the Canton of Schwyz. In the summer months, the site is used for pasturing. Usually, from December to March a snow cover is present at the Rufiberg. The site is at an altitude between 1080 – 1180 m asl, is ENE oriented, and has an average slope of 30 -35°. The Subalpine Molasse in the region is inclined with 30 - 35° to SE. In the area of the field site, beds of conglomerate with several m of thickness alter with beds of sandstone and marlstone. A ca. 2 – 5 m thick eluvium/colluvium layer composed of silty and sandy clay covers the bedrock. This site has been chosen because on one hand, during heavy rainfall events, e.g. autumn 2005, numerous landslides occur in the region of the Gnipen and the Rufiberg. On the other hand, the Rufiberg is very appropriate for experiments due its location away from infrastructures and due to its accessibility. The goal of the investigation was to understand the hydrology and hydrogeology of the slope with regard to shallow landslides.

More information: Brönnimann, C., Stähli, M., Schneider, P., Seward, L. and Springman, S.M. 2013. Bedrock exfiltration as a triggering mechanism for shallow landslides. Water Resources Research, 49 (9): 5155–5167. DOI: 10.1002/wrcr.20386.

hydrology

display_name: hydrology

landslides

display_name: landslides

meadow

display_name: meadow

soil-moisture-water-content

display_name: soil-moisture-water-content

water-table

display_name: water-table

en: TRAMM project - experimental hydrological and hydrogeological dataset of a landslide prone hillslope. Rufiberg, Switzerland


digitizing-historical-plague

maintainer: Christian Ginzler

title_for_slug: digitizing-historical-plague

en: bubonic-plague plague-inventory yersinia-pestis historical-plague plague-outbreaks plague-mapping black-death palaeo-epidemiology

en: We present newly digitized data on 6,929 plague outbreaks that occurred between 1347 and 1900 AD across Europe. The data base on an inventory initially published 1976. For georeferencing the information of Tele Atlas 2009 was used. The coordinates are in the reference systems ETRS89 and WGS84.

black-death

display_name: black-death

bubonic-plague

display_name: bubonic-plague

historical-plague

display_name: historical-plague

palaeo-epidemiology

display_name: palaeo-epidemiology

plague-inventory

display_name: plague-inventory

plague-mapping

display_name: plague-mapping

plague-outbreaks

display_name: plague-outbreaks

yersinia-pestis

display_name: yersinia-pestis

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Digitizing historical plague


en: growth assimilation dvm npp forest

en: NPP anomalies

en: Spatially resolved yearly anomalies of NPP simulated by 3-PG model relative to the 1961–1990 period.

en:
Simulated net primary productivity (NPP) anomalies (percent deviation) in 1961-2018 years relative to the 1961–1990 reference period for _Picea abies_ and _Fagus sylvatica_. NPP was simulated for the species' potential distribution range in Switzerland on a 1 × 1 km grid using 3-PG model.
We first assimilated nearly 800 observation years from 271 permanent long-term forest monitoring plots across Switzerland, obtained between 1980 and 2017, into the 3-PG forest ecosystem model using Bayesian inference, reducing the bias of model predictions from.
We then estimated the NPP anomalies by first simulating the growth of _P. abies_ and _F. sylvatica_ monocultures with the average climate observed during the 1961–1990 period, until the age of 40 years (spin-up). The stands were simulated starting as 2-year-old plantations with an initial density of 10,000 trees/ha. Thinning was performed at age 20 and 35 to reach a final density of ca. 1,000 trees/ha at age 40. We then simulated 30 years forced by monthly resolved climatic data from either the 1961–1990 (reference, according to MeteoSwiss) or the 1991–2018 period. We neglected the first 40 years of simulations due to high variation in productivity caused by early stage stand development. To study the impact of climate extremes on NPP, we focused on the deviation in NPP (expressed in percentage difference from the reference period) during the 30 year period (age 41–70).

assimilation

display_name: assimilation

dvm

display_name: dvm

forest

display_name: forest

growth

display_name: growth

npp

display_name: npp

en: Net primary productivity (NPP) anomalies simulated by 3-PG model for Switzerland


en: phenology chilling hatch spongy-month budburst

en: Temperature data Spongy moth experiment

en:
4 files with hourly temperature recorded at the height of buds in each of the four temperature treatments:
- Winter6: greenhouse where temperature was kept >6°C over winter
- Winter10: greenhouse where temperature was kept >10°C over winter
- OTC_Ambient: Open Top Chamber at Ambient temperature
- OTC_Warm: Open Top Chamber at +3.5°C warmer temperature

en: 3 R-Scripts used for the analyses of the temperature, phenology and performance/preference tests

en: Phenology and performance/preference tests Data

en:
-"Synchronex_Cuttings_Pheno.txt" provides the budburst date ('Stage 2') of each twig of the six studies species in the four different temperature treatments ("ambient", "a+5"=Ambient +5°C, 'Greenhouse-5'= Greenhouse at temperature >5°C, 'Greenhouse_10' = Greenhouse at temperature >10°C); 'Success' give the percentage of buds within the twig that succeeded to reach at least stage 2 during the experiment.

'Synchronex-Gypsy.txt' provides the number of eggs that have hatched at each monitoring date (Day of the year in columns); "DOY_hatch_1" corresponds to the first DOY when at least one egg has hatched; "Replicate_egg_mass" correspond to the egg mass replicate (1 to 5)

'PerformanceTest_GypsyMoth.txt' provides the biomass in mg of the caterpillars fed with fresh leaves of each tested tree species during one week. "Fresh_alive" is the biomass of only the living caterpillars after 1 week and "Freshpermoth" corresponds the weight per living caterpillar (Fresh alive/Nalive)

'PreferenceTest_All_species.txt' provides the total surface of leaf disc of each tested tree species remaining after exposing 5 caterpillars to these leaves during 24H. "Total_area" is the surface of the disc of each species measured after 24h exposed to the spongy moth first instars. For each species 'control' means the surface of the disc after 24H without any exposure to the larvae. 'EatenPercent correspond to the percentage surface loss compared to the control.

en:
The files correspond to the data and R-script used for the analyses of the following paper "Feasting on the ordinary or starving for the exceptional: phenological synchrony between spongy moth and budburst of European trees in a warmer climate" published in Ecology and Evolution by Vitasse et al. 2023.
There are three zip files corresponding to the Temperature data, phenology/preference/performance tests and R-Scripts for the analyses.

Input data:
'Synchrony_Cuttings_Pheno.txt':

budburst

display_name: budburst

chilling

display_name: chilling

hatch

display_name: hatch

phenology

display_name: phenology

spongy-month

display_name: spongy-month

en: Synchrony between spongy moth hatching and leaf phenology of temperate trees


en:
Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs starting at 12 cm dbh removed from the forest due to damage occurring (e.g. windthrow, avalanches, insects or rockfall), and not as the result of management planning. This feature is derived on the level of a sample plot from the cuttings of the sample trees and the salvage cut proportion (according to information from the forester).  The correction for bias with the sample Tarif trees may be so drastic that it results in negative values with small numbers of trees.

Citation:
 > _Abegg, M.; Brändli, U.-B.; Cioldi, F.; Fischer, C.; Herold-Bonardi, A.; Huber M.; Keller, M.; Meile, R.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Traub, B.; Vidondo, B. (2014). Fourth national forest inventory - result tables and maps on the Internet for the NFI 2009-2013 (NFI4b). [Published online 06.11.2014] Available from World Wide Web http://www.lfi.ch/resultate/ Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. [doi:10.21258/1057112](https://doi.org/10.21258/1057112)_

avalanches-silvaprotect

display_name: avalanches-silvaprotect

biogeographical-region

display_name: biogeographical-region

cause-of-salvage-logging

display_name: cause-of-salvage-logging

economic-region

display_name: economic-region

landslide-mudflow-silvaprotect

display_name: landslide-mudflow-silvaprotect

main-type-of-harvest

display_name: main-type-of-harvest

potential-cost-for-timber-harvesting

display_name: potential-cost-for-timber-harvesting

processes-in-channels-silvaprotect

display_name: processes-in-channels-silvaprotect

production-region

display_name: production-region

protection-forest-region

display_name: protection-forest-region

rockfall-silvaprotect

display_name: rockfall-silvaprotect

salvage-logging

display_name: salvage-logging

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

en: Salvage logging


root-traits

maintainer: Ivano Brunner

title_for_slug: root-traits

en: ingrowth-cores soil-coring fine-root-traits drought belowground-biomass

en: Root-traits

en:
Fine-root traits of Scots pine in response to enhanced soil water availability deriving from long-term irrigation in the Pfynwald

Data_Fig.1.xlsx
Fine-root biomass of the topsoil (0-10 cm) in the dry and irrigated treatment of the Scots pine forest of the years 2003 to 2016 recorded by soil coring

Data_Tab1+2_2005.xlsx
Fine-root traits from roots of ingrowth cores from 2005 after two years of growth in the dry and irrigated treatment of the Scots pine forest

Data_Tab1+2_2016.xlsx
Fine-root traits from roots of ingrowth cores from 2016 after two years of growth, and from roots of the soil-coring sampling from 2016 in the dry and irrigated treatment of the Scots pine forest

belowground-biomass

display_name: belowground-biomass

drought

display_name: drought

fine-root-traits

display_name: fine-root-traits

ingrowth-cores

display_name: ingrowth-cores

soil-coring

display_name: soil-coring

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.


maintainer: Frank Hagedorn

en: phosphorus dissolved-organic-phosphorus seasons fertilization forest-topsoil beech zero-tension-lysimeters soil-temperature nutrient-fluxes nitrogen

en:
Data on dissolved organic and inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in leachates and their corresponding
fluxes from the litter layer, the Oe/Oa horizon, and the A horizon of two German beech forest sites.
Leachate samples were taken in April 2018, July 2018, October 2018, Feb./Mar. 2019, and July 2019
with zero-tension lysimeters after artificial irrigation. Soil samples were taken in July 2019.
For more details please refer to the publication.

beech

display_name: beech

dissolved-organic-phosphorus

display_name: dissolved-organic-phosphorus

fertilization

display_name: fertilization

forest-topsoil

display_name: forest-topsoil

nitrogen

display_name: nitrogen

nutrient-fluxes

display_name: nutrient-fluxes

phosphorus

display_name: phosphorus

seasons

display_name: seasons

soil-temperature

display_name: soil-temperature

zero-tension-lysimeters

display_name: zero-tension-lysimeters

en: Phosphorus and nitrogen leaching from beech forest soils


en: biodiversity europe integrative-forest-management multifunctional-forestry timber-production

en: Link to DORA WSL

en: How to balance forestry and biodiversity conservation? A view across Europe.

en:
Forests cover about a third of the European land area and provide a multitude of ecosystem services. They are subject to constant change and increasing demands with respect to the ecosystem services they provide. As well as provision of timber, non-timber forest goods (e.g. berries and mushrooms), clean water, carbon sequestration, and protection against natural disasters, there is increasing emphasis being placed on conservation and promotion of biodiversity within forests. However, the state of biodiversity in European forests varies widely. Because of the different biogeographic, sociocultural, political, and climatic conditions at small scales, there is a wide variety of situations, approaches, and legacies across the continent.
This book strives to show the challenges that forest managers are faced with to fulfil the societal demands with regard to forests, and especially to integrate the promotion of biodiversity. In a first section (12 chapters), 44 authors from science, policy, and practice describe the driving factors of forest management; these factors include national laws and legacies, ownership structures, forest history, and socio-structural conditions. In a second section, 113 authors present 32 case examples from 19 European countries that demonstrate the different approaches to integrate the locally requested ecosystem services. These experiences are synthesised in a final section, and a toolbox of integrative measures is presented that is intended to support forest owners and managers to choose appropriate measures for targeted integrated management in their forests.
Copyright reserved WSL and EFI.

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

europe

display_name: europe

integrative-forest-management

display_name: integrative-forest-management

multifunctional-forestry

display_name: multifunctional-forestry

timber-production

display_name: timber-production

en: How to balance forestry and biodiversity conservation? - A view across Europe


en: slab-avalanche propagation-saw-test snow whumpf weak-layer dynamic-crack-propagation crack-speed

en: Readme

en: Information how to interpret the data in "crack propagation speeds.zip".

en: crack propagation speeds

en: Please find the readme file.

en:
For the release of a slab avalanche, crack propagation within a weak snowpack layer below a cohesive snow slab is required. As crack speed measurements can give insight into the underlying processes, we analysed three crack propagation events that occurred in similar snowpacks and covered all scales relevant for avalanche release. For the largest scale, up to 400 m, we estimated crack speed from an avalanche movie, for scales between 5 and 25 meters, we used accelerometers placed on the snow surface, and for scales below 5 meters, we performed a Propagation Saw Test. The mean crack speeds ranged from 36 ± 6 to 49 ± 5 m s^{-1}, and did not exhibit scale dependence. Using the Discrete Element Method and the Material Point Method, we reproduced the measured crack speeds reasonably well, in particular the terminal crack speed observed at smaller scales.
This dataset includes raw data as well as crack speed estimates from the three crack propagation events.
Where possible, we reproduced these field experiments with numerical models based on Discrete Element Method (DEM, Bobillier and others, 2020 and 2021) and Material Point Method (MPM. Gaume and others, 2018 and Trottet and others, 2021). The input parameters of the models were estimated from the corresponding snow profiles conducted at each test site.

 The raw data include:
* Propagation Saw Test movie with mechanical fields derived from Digital image Correlation analysis of the recording
* Acceleration data recorded with wireless time synchronized accelerometers placed on the snow surface during crack propagation in a whumpf.
*Video of an artificially triggered avalanche with widespread crack propagation. The video was used to georeference surface cracks in order to estimate crack propagation time and distance, providing crack propagation speed estimates.
* Snow profile recorded at each test site

 Experimental crack speed estimates include:
* Crack speed evolution within the first meters derived from the Propagation Saw Test.
* Crack speeds estimated from the time delay of the collapse, observed between different accelerometers during crack propagation of a whumpf.
* Crack speed estimates from video analysis of the artificially triggered avalanche.

 Reproduced crack speeds using the DEM an MPM model:
* Modelled Propagation Saw Test using MPM (2D and 3D system) and DEM.
* Modelled whumpf using MPM (beam and areal configuration)
* Modelled avalanche using MPM (beam and areal configuration)

Beside the movies (mp4 format), all data is either provided as netCDF files or excel sheets (see readme file), depending on the amount of data. A detailed description of the three crack propagation events and how crack speed was derived, can be found in the related publication:

 References for applied models:
Bobillier, G., B. Bergfeld, A. Capelli, J. Dual, J. Gaume, A. van Herwijnen and J. Schweizer 2020. Micromechanical modeling of snow failure. The Cryosphere, 14(1): 39-49.

Bobillier, G., B. Bergfeld, J. Dual, J. Gaume, A. van Herwijnen and J. Schweizer 2021. Micro-mechanical insights into the dynamics of crack propagation in snow fracture experiments. Scientific Reports, 11: 11711.

Gaume, J., T. Gast, J. Teran, A. van Herwijnen and C. Jiang 2018. Dynamic anticrack propagation in snow. Nature Communications, 9(1): 3047.

Trottet, B., R. Simenhois, G. Bobillier, A. van Herwijnen, C. Jiang and J. Gaume 2021. From sub-Rayleigh to intersonic crack propagation in snow slab avalanche release. EGU General Assembly 2021, Online, 19-30 Apr 2021, EGU21-8253.

crack-speed

display_name: crack-speed

dynamic-crack-propagation

display_name: dynamic-crack-propagation

propagation-saw-test

display_name: propagation-saw-test

slab-avalanche

display_name: slab-avalanche

snow

display_name: snow

weak-layer

display_name: weak-layer

whumpf

display_name: whumpf

en: Crack propagation speeds in weak snowpack layers from three events: PST, whumpf and slab avalanche


en: records-database fungi-conservation national-data-center fungi biodiversity swissfungi

en: Data extract 20191122

en: Each record consists of the record ID, species name (Taxon_ID,Latin name, German- French- and Italian name if available), information of the location (Swiss coordinates, precision of the coordinates, elevation above sea level, municipality and canton), the date of observation, the person that has found the fungus (leg.), the person that has identified the fungus (det), the functional group that the fungus belongs to, as well as information on the conservation status of the species (red list status, conservation priority status, status in the [Nature and Cultural Heritage Act](https://www.admin.ch/opc/en/classified-compilation/19660144/index.html) (Nature_Cultural_Heritage_Act)). Furthermore, data on the habitat according to Delarze (Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Galland, P., Lebensräume der Schweiz, Ott Verlag, Thun, ISBN 3-7225-6749-1) and substrate is given.

en:
This dataset provides distribution data of fungi in Switzerland of the National Data and Information Centre, called [SwissFungi](https://swissfungi.wsl.ch/en/index.html). SwissFungi is a partner of [InfoSpecies](https://www.infospecies.ch/de/), the network of Swiss data and information centres for [fauna](http://www.cscf.ch/cscf/de/home.html), [flora](https://www.infoflora.ch/en/) and [fungi](https://swissfungi.wsl.ch/en/index.html). One of its main objectives is to document the spatial and temporal distribution of species in Switzerland.

The SwissFungi database currently contains more than 670'000 geo-referenced fungi observations, distributed throughout Switzerland. The oldest observations date back to 1770. A large portion of the records are from the last two decades of the last century to the present day. The database is continuously updated with new fungi records. The data have been validated and originate from national inventories, from research projects, from floristic observations by volunteers as well as from private and public herbaria and from the literature.

The data from the distribution atlas of fungi in Switzerland are available for research and practice (nature conservation projects, environmental impact assessments etc.) and can be obtained via an [application form](https://www.infospecies.ch/de/assets/content/documents/Formular_Datenanfrage20190625.pdf). Please note the tariffs for data requests and submit your request directly to the [InfoSpecies](https://www.infospecies.ch/de/) office. Applications are usually answered within two working weeks. Details on the use of data are regulated in the current guidelines of the national data centers. Please note that the data center SwissFungi is not able to verify all incoming fungal records completely for a correct identification or coordinate errors and therefore cannot guarantee the correctness of the information.

License under [InfoSpecies](https://www.infospecies.ch/de/). Data is free of charge for research projects and available on request.

fungi

display_name: fungi

fungi-conservation

display_name: fungi-conservation

national-data-center

display_name: national-data-center

records-database

display_name: records-database

swissfungi

display_name: swissfungi

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: SwissFungi - Records Database for the Fungi of Switzerland


seilaplan

title_for_slug: seilaplan

en: cable-yarding software qgis cable-planning python steep-terrain-harvesting catenary-load-path

en: Seilaplan QGis Plugin v2.0

en:
Cable-based technologies have been a backbone for harvesting on steep slopes. The layout of a single cable road is challenging because one must identify intermediate support locations and heights that guarantee structural safety and operational efficiency while minimizing set-up and dismantling costs. Seilaplan optimizes the layout of a cable road by
Seilaplan stands for Cable Road Layout Planner. Seilaplan is able to calculate the optimal rope line layout (position and height of the supports) between defined start and end coordinates on the basis of a digital elevation model (DEM).
The program is designed for Central European conditions and is designed on the basis of a fixed suspension rope anchored at both ends. For the calculation of the properties of the load path curve an iterative method is used, which was described by Zweifel (1960) and was developed especially for standing skylines. When testing the feasibility of the cable line, care is taken that 1) the maximum permissible stresses in the skyline are not exceeded, 2) there is a minimum distance between the load path and the ground and 3) when using a gravitational system, there is a minimum inclination in the load path. The solution is selected which has a minimum number of supports in the first priority and minimizes the support height in the second priority.
The newly developed method calculates the load path curve and the forces occurring in it more accurately than tools available on the market to date (status 2019) and is able to determine the optimum position and height of the intermediate supports.
The reason for the more accurate results of the new tool is the assumption that the skyline is anchored at both end points. Forest cable yarders used in Europe have a skyline that is fixed at both ends. The behaviour of fixed-anchored suspension ropes is very difficult to describe mathematically and cannot be solved analytically. For this reason, simplified linearized assumptions have so far been used in the forestry sector, which corresponds to the behaviour of a weight-tensioned suspension rope and is known as the Pestal method (1961). Weight-tensioned suspension ropes are used for passenger transport.
For the calculation of the load path curve we use an iterative method, which was described by Zweifel (1960) and developed especially for fixed anchored suspension ropes. This makes mathematics much more demanding, but leads to more accurate and realistic results. Since there are no current models which describe the installation costs with adequate accuracy, the solution sought is the one which has a minimum number of supports in the first priority and minimises the support height in the second priority (Figure 2). The presented method is the first one, which starts from a fixed anchored supporting rope and identifies the mathematically optimal column layout at the same time. In contrast to methods that assume a weight-tensioned suspension rope, this approach achieves more realistic solutions with longer spans and lower support heights, which ultimately leads to lower installation costs. Background information on rope mechanics and calculation methods is documented in Bont and Heinimann (2012).

License: GNU, General Public License, Version 2 or newer.

Literature:
Bont, L., & Heinimann, H. R. (2012). Optimum geometric layout of a single cable road. European journal of forest research, 131(5), 1439-1448.

cable-planning

display_name: cable-planning

cable-yarding

display_name: cable-yarding

catenary-load-path

display_name: catenary-load-path

python

display_name: python

qgis

display_name: qgis

software

display_name: software

steep-terrain-harvesting

display_name: steep-terrain-harvesting

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Seilaplan


scolytidae

title_for_slug: scolytidae

en: forest bark-beetles dead-wood biodiversity saproxylic-insects coleoptera

en: Data extract in TAB-delimted format. First row is header, first column is counter.

en: Data query used on Fauna Database to retrieve the submitted data.

en:
Scolytidae data from all historic up to the recent projects (29.10.2019) of WSL, collected with various methods in forests of different types.
Data are provided on request to contact person against bilateral agreement.

bark-beetles

display_name: bark-beetles

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

coleoptera

display_name: coleoptera

dead-wood

display_name: dead-wood

forest

display_name: forest

saproxylic-insects

display_name: saproxylic-insects

en: Scolytidae


en: numerical-avalanche-forecasting wet-snow-avalanche machine-learning avalanche avalanche-forcasting

en: Features description

en: This dataset contains forecast input and target data for winter 2021-2022. This dataset is the forecast test set for RF12. The column RF12_AvD_proba is the predicted probability for wet-snow avalanche day provided by the RF12 model.

en: This dataset contains input and target data for winters before September 2020. Dataset1 was used for training model RF12.

en: This dataset contains nowcast input and target data for winter 2021-2022. This dataset is the nowcast test set for RF12. The column RF12_AvD_proba is the predicted probability for wet-snow avalanche day provided by the RF12 model.

en: This dataset contains input and target data for winter 2020-2021. Dataset2 was used for training model RF12.

en:
Datasets used to implement the wet-snow avalanche activity model presented in the article:

Hendrick, M., Techel, F., Volpi, M., Olevski, T., Pérez-Guillén, C., van Herwijnen, A., Schweizer, J. (2023). Automated prediction of wet-snow avalanche activity in the Swiss Alps. Journal of Glaciology, under review

Each dataset includes the input variables (weather and snowpack features) and the target variable (wet-snow avalanche day or not) used to build the model. Additionally, Dataset3_nowcast and Dataset3_forecast contain the predictions provided by the RF12 model.

All input variables are described in the Appendix of the article and also in the read_me file. Further information on SNOWPACK variables is also available at https://models.slf.ch/p/snowpack/ .

avalanche

display_name: avalanche

avalanche-forcasting

display_name: avalanche-forcasting

machine-learning

display_name: machine-learning

numerical-avalanche-forecasting

display_name: numerical-avalanche-forecasting

wet-snow-avalanche

display_name: wet-snow-avalanche

en: Weather, snowpack and avalanche occurrence data for automated prediction of wet-snow avalanche activity


en: swiss-forest-lab tree-growth icp-forests stem-diameter long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

en: Data Request

en:
Continuous stem radius measurements to investigate carbon balance and water relations of trees

 Purpose:

Assessment of growth and water related stem changes

icp-forests

display_name: icp-forests

long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

display_name: long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

stem-diameter

display_name: stem-diameter

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab

tree-growth

display_name: tree-growth

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Automated point dendrometer measurements at LWF sites


en: vitis insect-vectors southern-switzerland orientus-ishidae egg-development scaphoideus-titanus grapevine-yellows

en: Primer sequences used for internal control of amplification of the insects (Cytochrome Oxydase I).

en: Table 1. Plot characteristics and results of molecular analysis, trap captures, and total hatchings.

en: Plot characteristics in terms of type of experiment (M = molecular analysis; T = traps for adult insects; H = hatching experiment), coordinates, region, mean slope, distance from nearest vineyard (DV), last year in which plot was registered as vineyard (Last_T); symptomatic expression of Grapevine Yellows (GY); result of molecular analysis for FDp detection on gone-wild grapevines (pos = positive detection with Cq < 35; neg = negative detection); number (nr.) of yellow sticky traps (if applicable) and Scaphoideus titanus and Orientus ishidae captures per single trap; absolute (N) and specific (N / kg wood) hatching events of S. titanus and O. ishidae per plot.

en: Results of molecular analysis on sampled leaf material.

en: Nymph hatching raw data.

en: Nymph hatching raw data used for the inversed Kaplan-Meier.

en: Table 2. Embryonic development time.

en: Embryonic development time expressed as degree-days and days for gone-wild grapevines (GWGV) and the control. N = number of hatched nymphs; EDdd_min and EDdd_max = degree-days accumulated at the first and last hatching, respectively; EDdd_mean = mean accumulated degree-days; DDA = degree-days accumulated between first and last hatching; EDt_min and EDt_max = minimal and maximal time (days) of embryonic development, respectively; EDt_mean = mean time (days) of embryonic development; SE = standard error; HD = hatching period duration in days.

en:
Dataset used to test the potential role of gone-wild grapevines (GWGV) in forests of Southern Switzerland as a source of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FDp) inoculum and as a habitat for its main and alternative vectors, Scaphoideus titanus and Orientus ishidae. In the first phase, GWGV were located and sampled to test their FDp status. In addition, a set of chromotropic traps were placed to monitor the presence and abundance of FDp vectors. In the second phase, wood from GWGV in forests was collected and placed in cages to test the potential oviposition activity by FDp vectors.
The results showed that GWGV in forests are a reservoir of FDp and that they can sustain the whole life cycle of both S.titanus and O.ishidae. Eventually, the need to adapt the current FD management strategies are highlighted.

egg-development

display_name: egg-development

grapevine-yellows

display_name: grapevine-yellows

insect-vectors

display_name: insect-vectors

orientus-ishidae

display_name: orientus-ishidae

scaphoideus-titanus

display_name: scaphoideus-titanus

southern-switzerland

display_name: southern-switzerland

vitis

display_name: vitis

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Gone-wild grapevines in forests may act as a potential habitat for “Flavescence dorée” phytoplasma vectors and inoculum


en: ambient-air-quality swiss-forest-lab icp-forests ozone long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

en: Data Request

en:
Measuring air pollutants in forests is important for evaluating the risk for vegetation in areas not covered by conventional air quality monitoring networks. Ozone measurements are carried out at LWF, applying the harmonized methodologies from UNECE/ICP Forests and running under the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone. Data are also collected on ozone-induced visible symptoms and other ecosystem properties such as tree growth, nutrition, and biodiversity, as well as climate. This makes this long-term monitoring data series essential for impact assessment and air pollution modelling.

 Purpose:

Ozone risk assessment: Measurements of mean ozone concentrations with passive samplers (passam ag).

 Manual Citation:

 * Schaub M, Calatayud V, Ferretti M, Brunialti G, Lövblad G, Krause G, Sanz MJ, 2016: Part XV: Monitoring of Air Quality. In: UNECE ICP Forests Programme Co-ordinating Centre (ed.): Manual on methods and criteria for harmonized sampling, assessment, monitoring and analysis of the effects of air pollution on forests. Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Eberswalde, Germany, 11 p. + Annex [http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual](http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual)

 Paper Citation:

 * Schaub M, Häni M, Calatayud V, Ferretti M, Gottardini E (2018) ICP Forests Brief No 3 - Ozone concentrations are decreasing but exposure remains high in European forests. Programme Co-ordinating Centre of ICP Forests, Thu¨nen Institute of Forest Ecosystems. [doi: 10.3220/ICP1525258743000](https://icp-forests.org/pdf/ICPForestsBriefNo2.pdf)

 * Cailleret M, Ferretti M, Gessler A, Rigling A, Schaub M (2018) Ozone effects on European forest growth – towards an integrative approach. Journal of Ecology. [doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12941](http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12941)

 * Calatayud V, Diéguez JJ, Sicard P, Schaub M, De Marco A (2016) Testing approaches for calculating stomatal ozone fluxes from passive sampler. Science of the Total Environment. [doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.155](http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.155)

 * Calatayud V and Schaub M (2013) Methods for Measuring Gaseous Air Pollutants in Forests. In: Marco Ferretti and Richard Fischer (Eds). Forest Monitoring: Methods for Terrestrial Investigations in Europe with an Overview of North America and Asia, Vol 12, DENS, UK: Elsevier, 2013, pp. 375-384. [doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-098222-9.00019-4](http://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-098222-9.00019-4)

ambient-air-quality

display_name: ambient-air-quality

ozone

display_name: ozone

en: Passive sampling of O3 LWF


en: infectious-disease conflict-resolution meaning-negotiation disease-control ontology-authoring

en:
 OWL files in RDF/XML
developed using Protégé 5.2
 Administrative ontology (appl:administrative) in ALCRIF
ontology-administrative.owl
 Epidemiology ontology (appl:epidemiology) in SRIF
ontology-epidemiology.owl
 Merged ontology (undecidable)
ontology-merged.owl
 Merged ontology (decidable, without transitivity of appl:epidemiology#partOf)
ontology-merged-functionality.owl
 Merged ontology (decidable, without functionality of appl:administrative#partOf and disjointness of roles in the administrative ontology)
ontology-merged-transitivity.owl

en:
Ontologies used for the case study in the publication.
Creative Commons (CC) license: CC BY-NC-SA <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>

conflict-resolution

display_name: conflict-resolution

disease-control

display_name: disease-control

infectious-disease

display_name: infectious-disease

meaning-negotiation

display_name: meaning-negotiation

ontology-authoring

display_name: ontology-authoring

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal


title_for_slug: volume

en:
Volume of stemwood with bark of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) starting at 12 cm dbh. This corresponds internationally to the "growing stock". The correction for bias with the sample Tarif trees may be so drastic that it results in negative values with small numbers of trees.

Citation:
 > _Abegg, M.; Brändli, U.-B.; Cioldi, F.; Fischer, C.; Herold-Bonardi, A.; Huber M.; Keller, M.; Meile, R.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Traub, B.; Vidondo, B. (2014). Fourth national forest inventory - result tables and maps on the Internet for the NFI 2009-2013 (NFI4b). [Published online 06.11.2014] Available from World Wide Web http://www.lfi.ch/resultate/ Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. [doi:10.21258/1057112](https://doi.org/10.21258/1057112)_

accessible-forest-without-shrub-forest

display_name: accessible-forest-without-shrub-forest

altitudinal-vegetation-zone

display_name: altitudinal-vegetation-zone

avalanches-silvaprotect

display_name: avalanches-silvaprotect

biogeographical-region

display_name: biogeographical-region

canton

display_name: canton

conifers-broadleaves

display_name: conifers-broadleaves

diameter-classes

display_name: diameter-classes

economic-region

display_name: economic-region

forest-type-and-stage-of-development

display_name: forest-type-and-stage-of-development

landslide-mudflow-silvaprotect

display_name: landslide-mudflow-silvaprotect

lower-higher-altitudinal-zones

display_name: lower-higher-altitudinal-zones

main-tree-species

display_name: main-tree-species

ownership

display_name: ownership

potential-cost-for-timber-harvesting

display_name: potential-cost-for-timber-harvesting

processes-in-channels-silvaprotect

display_name: processes-in-channels-silvaprotect

production-region

display_name: production-region

protection-forest-region

display_name: protection-forest-region

rockfall-silvaprotect

display_name: rockfall-silvaprotect

site-quality

display_name: site-quality

stage-of-stand-development

display_name: stage-of-stand-development

tree-species-woody-species

display_name: tree-species-woody-species

volume

display_name: volume

en: Volume


en: dischma davos photogrammetry avalanches snow-hydrology snow-depth-distribution

en: Snowdepth maps

format: GeoTIFF

en:
The available datasets are snow depth maps with a spatial resolution of 0.5 m derived from images of the survey camera Vexcel Ultracam mounted on a piloted airplane. Image acquisition was carried out during the approximately peak of winter (time when the thickest snowpack is expected) in spring. The snow depth maps are calculated by the subtraction of a summer-DTM from the processed winter- DSM of the corresponding date. The summer-DTM used was derived from a point cloud of an airborne laser scanner from 2020.

Due to the occurrence of inaccuracies of the calculated snow depth values caused by the photogrammetric method, we applied different masks to significantly increase the reliability of the snow depth maps. We masked out settled areas, high-frequented streets and technical constructions, pixels with high vegetation (height > 0.5 m) , outliers and unrealistic snow depth values. In addition, we modified the snow depth values of snow-free pixels to 0.
The information on buildings and infrastructure comes from the exactly classified ALS point cloud and the TLM dataset from Swisstopo (https://www.swisstopo.admin.ch/de/geodata/landscape/tlm3d.html#links). High vegetation is also derived from the classification and the calculated object height from the point cloud.
Outliers and unrealistic snow depth values are defined as negative snow depth values and snow depths exceeding 10 m. The classification of each pixel of the corresponding orthophoto into snow-covered or snow-free is based on the application of a threshold of the NDSI or manually determined ratios of the RGB values.

An extensive accuracy assessment proves the high accuracy of the snow depth maps with a root mean square error of 0.25 m for the year 2017 and 0.15 m for the following snow depth maps.

The work is published in:

avalanches

display_name: avalanches

davos

display_name: davos

dischma

display_name: dischma

photogrammetry

display_name: photogrammetry

snow-depth-distribution

display_name: snow-depth-distribution

snow-hydrology

display_name: snow-hydrology

en: Snow depth mapping by airplane photogrammetry (2017 -  ongoing)


twig-mass-of-live-trees

title_for_slug: twig-mass-of-live-trees

en:
Dry weight (mass) of branches with a diameter under 7 cm from living trees and shrubs starting at 12cm dbh.

Citation:
 > _Abegg, M.; Brändli, U.-B.; Cioldi, F.; Fischer, C.; Herold-Bonardi, A.; Huber M.; Keller, M.; Meile, R.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Traub, B.; Vidondo, B. (2014). Fourth national forest inventory - result tables and maps on the Internet for the NFI 2009-2013 (NFI4b). [Published online 06.11.2014] Available from World Wide Web http://www.lfi.ch/resultate/ Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. [doi:10.21258/1057112](https://doi.org/10.21258/1057112)_

accessible-forest-without-shrub-forest

display_name: accessible-forest-without-shrub-forest

biogeographical-region

display_name: biogeographical-region

canton

display_name: canton

conifers-broadleaves

display_name: conifers-broadleaves

economic-region

display_name: economic-region

twig-mass-of-live-trees

display_name: twig-mass-of-live-trees

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Twig mass of live trees


en: ground-vegetation ozone symptoms-of-visible-injuries ambient-air-quality icp-forests swiss-forest-lab long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

en: Data Request

en:
Measuring air pollutants in forests is important for evaluating the risk for vegetation in areas not covered by conventional air quality monitoring networks. Ozone-induced symptoms are being assessed at LWF, applying the harmonized methodologies from UNECE/ICP Forests and running under the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone. Data are also collected on ozone concentrations and other ecosystem properties such as tree growth, nutrition, and biodiversity, as well as climate. This makes this long-term monitoring data series essential for impact assessment and air pollution modelling.

 Purpose:

Ozone risk assessment, i.e. to investigate relationships between ozone exposures and ozone-induced, visible symptoms

 Manual Citation:

 * Schaub M, Calatayud V, Ferretti M, Brunialti G, Lövblad G, Krause G, Sanz MJ, 2016: Part VIII: Monitoring of Ozone Injury. In: UNECE ICP Forests Programme Co-ordinating Centre (ed.): Manual on methods and criteria for harmonized sampling, assessment, monitoring and analysis of the effects of air pollution on forests. Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Eberswalde, Germany, 14 p. + Annex [http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual](http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual)

 Paper Citation:

 * Schaub M, Häni M, Calatayud V, Ferretti M, Gottardini E (2018) ICP Forests Brief No 3 - Ozone concentrations are decreasing but exposure remains high in European forests. Programme Co-ordinating Centre of ICP Forests, Thu¨nen Institute of Forest Ecosystems. [doi: 10.3220/ICP1525258743000](https://icp-forests.org/pdf/ICPForestsBriefNo2.pdf)

 * Schaub M and Calatayud V (2013) Assessment of Visible Foliar Injury Induced by Ozone. In: Marco Ferretti and Richard Fischer (Eds). Forest Monitoring: Methods for Terrestrial Investigations in Europe with an Overview of North America and Asia, Vol 12, DENS, UK: Elsevier, 2013, pp. 205-221. ISBN: 9780080982229. [doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-098222-9.00011-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-098222-9.00011-X)

ambient-air-quality

display_name: ambient-air-quality

ground-vegetation

display_name: ground-vegetation

icp-forests

display_name: icp-forests

long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

display_name: long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

ozone

display_name: ozone

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab

symptoms-of-visible-injuries

display_name: symptoms-of-visible-injuries

en: Symptoms of O3 injuries LWF


foliar-analyses-lwf

title_for_slug: foliar-analyses-lwf

en: tree-nutrition swiss-forest-lab long-term-forest-ecosystem-research icp-forests foliar-analyses

en:
Foliage has been sampled every two years since 1995/1997 on 5-6 trees of the main species on all LWF plots. Concentrations of macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S), carbon (C) and micronutrients are determined on leaves and current and previous year needles. The dry mass of 100 leaves or 1000 needles is determined as well.

 Purpose:

To assess the nutrient status of the forest stands and detect possible deficiencies or imbalances, which are often indicative of processes at the ecosystem level.

 Manual Citation:

 * Brang, P., Hug, C., Thimonier, A., Zehnder, U., 1997. Kapitel D1.5 Nährstoffversorgung von Nadeln und Blättern, in: Brang, P. (Ed.), Aufnahmeanleitungen aller Forschungsprojekte auf Flächen der Langfristigen Waldökosystem-Forschung (LWF). Eidg. Forschungsanstalt WSL, Birmensdorf, pp. 1-12.

 * Rautio P, Fürst A, Stefan K, Raitio H, Bartels U, 2016: Part XII: Sampling and Analysis of Needles and Leaves. In: UNECE ICP Forests Programme Co-ordinating Centre (ed.): Manual on methods and criteria for harmonized sampling, assessment, monitoring and analysis of the effects of air pollution on  forests.  Thünen  Institute  of  Forest  Ecosystems,  Eberswalde,  Germany,  19  p.  +  Annex  [http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual](http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual)

 Paper Citation:

 * Thimonier A, Graf Pannatier E, Schmitt M, Waldner P, Walthert L, Schleppi P, Dobbertin M, Kräuchi N (2010) Does exceeding the critical loads for nitrogen alter nitrate leaching, the nutrient status of trees and their crown condition at Swiss Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research (LWF) sites?. European Journal of Forest Research, 129 (3): 443-461. [doi: 10.1007/s10342-009-0328-9](http://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-009-0328-9)

foliar-analyses

display_name: foliar-analyses

tree-nutrition

display_name: tree-nutrition

en: Foliar analyses LWF


en: snow-cover vertical-wind-motion boundary-layer-winds saltation snow-depth

en: Data Compilation

en: Compressed TXT files

en:
The data correspond to the experiments presented and discussed in a paper regarding the interaction between turbulent wind fluctuations and snow saltation mass-fluxes (Paterna, 2016). Each of the nine data files corresponds to a different experiment presented in the paper and conducted in the winter 2014/2015 in the WSL/SLF cold wind tunnel in Davos. For each file the five columns indicate the time from the beginning of the experiment, the streamwise (u’) and the vertical (w’) wind velocity fluctuations, the streamwise (qx) and the vertical (qz) snow mass-flux components. From these time-series the scales of the snow saltation and of the turbulent flow are obtained with respect to the eddy-cycles and snow saltation cycles. From spectral analysis of the time-series a decoupling of the snow saltation from the turbulence forcing reveals two regimes of interaction: a turbulence-dependent regime occurring with weak saltation, and a turbulence-independent regime with strong saltation. Further details can be found at the link below.

Publication http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL068171/abstract

boundary-layer-winds

display_name: boundary-layer-winds

saltation

display_name: saltation

snow-cover

display_name: snow-cover

snow-depth

display_name: snow-depth

vertical-wind-motion

display_name: vertical-wind-motion

educ

en: Education, culture and sport

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Wind tunnel measurement data of drifting snow and turbulent wind fluctuations