en:
Richness, site occurrence and abundance data of bees, beetles, birds, hoverflies, net-wingeds, true bugs, snails, spiders, milipides, wasps collected in the city of Zurich using different sampling techniques, and the environmental variables for each sampling site.
Data are provided on request to contact person against bilateral agreement.

en: species-richness-models arthropods spiders urbanization insects urban-ecology snails sdms birds species-abundance-distributions diversity

en: Ecological properties of urban ecosystems. Biodiversity dataset of Zurich

en:
Resource Title: Dataset_2_SDM_data.txt
    Size: 65679611 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0f81429a-204e-4720-929e-5b251e9ab1c4/resource/0e2e7fb0-88ba-4aa4-92ef-079191b4a668/download/dataset_2_sdm_data.txt
    Description: contains the raw data to perform species distribution models, only for common species

en:
Resource Title: Dataset_5_Species_richness_all.txt
    Size: 2452421 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0f81429a-204e-4720-929e-5b251e9ab1c4/resource/f3abc8d4-c92e-4a57-aea4-39ba8c93158d/download/dataset_5_species_richness_all.txt
    Description: contains the raw data to perform the species richness models of all species

en:
Resource Title: Dataset_4_Species_richness_rare.txt
    Size: 2274863 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0f81429a-204e-4720-929e-5b251e9ab1c4/resource/3bbbc78a-92c3-4832-b51b-61d65346460e/download/dataset_4_species_richness_rare.txt
    Description: contains the raw data to perform the species richness models of the rare species

en:
Resource Title: Dataset_3_Species_richness_hyper.txt
    Size: 1373081 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0f81429a-204e-4720-929e-5b251e9ab1c4/resource/0ef3b508-b8e7-4404-a7b9-edc51c7f2375/download/dataset_3_species_richness_hyper.txt
    Description: contains the raw data to perform the species richness models of the hypercommon species

en:
Resource Title: Dataset_1_SAD_SOD.txt
    Size: 73478 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0f81429a-204e-4720-929e-5b251e9ab1c4/resource/a7a96a85-dc46-4b5f-bcf4-4d91485e3d03/download/dataset_1_sad_sod.txt
    Description: abundance and occurrence data of the 1446 species studied, used to investigate species-abundance distributions and species-occurrence distributions

arthropods

display_name: arthropods

birds

display_name: birds

diversity

display_name: diversity

insects

display_name: insects

sdms

display_name: sdms

snails

display_name: snails

species-abundance-distributions

display_name: species-abundance-distributions

species-richness-models

display_name: species-richness-models

spiders

display_name: spiders

urban-ecology

display_name: urban-ecology

urbanization

display_name: urbanization


$oid: OBSOLETE

en:
Hourly Alpine photovoltaic (PV) potential profiles for Switzerland, covering the year 2016 and spatially aggregated to two levels: Swiss alpine municipalities and the nodes of the Swiss electricity transmission grid. Six scenarios combine land suitability mask, terrain restrictions (elevation, slope, aspect), road accessibility, hazard zones, and either an elevation range or a pixel-level winter specific yield filter, providing per-pixel installed capacity and aggregated hourly generation profiles for ~713 alpine communes and ~126 transmission grid nodes.
 What is in this dataset
- **Hourly generation profiles** (`energy_yield`, in Wh) for each aggregation unit
- **Installed capacity** (`installed_capacity_mwp`, in MWp) and **pixel count** (`pixel_count`) per unit
- **Seasonal sums** (`annual_gwh`, `winter_gwh`, `summer_gwh`, in GWh) per unit
- **Polygon geometries** (`geometry`, WKT in EPSG:2056) for each aggregation unit, embedded directly in the NetCDF
- **Global attributes** recording scenario name, panel tilt, GCR method, POA mode, and PV system parameters
 Six scenarios
Scenarios vary the site-selection approach (elevation range vs. pixel-level winter specific yield threshold) and the maximum slope:
- **1.** — slope ≤ 40°, elevation 1900–3300 m, aspect 90–270° on steep slopes, no winter-yield filter
- **2.** — slope ≤ 40°, elevation 1500–4400 m, aspect 90–270° on steep slopes, no winter-yield filter
- **3.** — slope ≤ 30°, elevation 1900–3300 m, aspect 90–270° on steep slopes, no winter-yield filter
- **4.** — slope ≤ 30°, elevation 1500–4400 m, aspect 90–270° on steep slopes, no winter-yield filter
- **5.** — slope ≤ 40°, elevation 100–4400 m, all aspects, winter specific yield ≥ 500 kWh/kWp
- **6.** — slope ≤ 30°, elevation 100–4400 m, all aspects, winter specific yield ≥ 500 kWh/kWp
Scenarios 1-4 use a conventional elevation range together with an aspect restriction (north-facing pixels excluded on slopes - 10 deg). Scenarios 5-6 apply a pixel-level winter specific yield threshold instead.
 Methodology
A pre-computed binary exclusion raster from the [Swiss SolarWind Explorer](https://swiss-solarwind-explorer.ethz.ch/) (Reusser et al., 2025) serves as the base land suitability mask, integrating land-cover, protected-area, and biodiversity exclusions developed through extensive consultation with governmental, expert, and biodiversity stakeholders. On top of this base mask, the pipeline clips to alpine communes, removes natural hazards (level -= 2), applies a 5 km effective road distance filter (with vertical penalty), and applies scenario-specific terrain restrictions.
For each qualifying 25 m pixel, the ground-cover ratio is computed using the Bao et al. (2022) parametrization with a 60 deg panel tilt, and the hourly yield is derived from the [CH-POA300](https://www.doi.org/10.16904/envidat.632) plane-of-array irradiance dataset (300 m resolution, 5 azimuth bins). A simplified PV system model is applied (module efficiency 20%, performance ratio 0.8, bifacial factor 1.2, inter-row shading loss 10%). For scenarios with the winter yield filter, only pixels whose simulated October--March specific yield exceeds 500 kWh/kWp are retained.
 Two aggregation levels
- **commune** — Swiss alpine municipality; 713 units; source swissBOUNDARIES3D; CRS EPSG:2056
- **node** — Transmission grid Voronoi node; 126 units; source [CH-RPV300 (grid_voronoi_v2)](https://www.doi.org/10.16904/envidat.733); CRS EPSG:2056
 File format
NetCDF-4 files, one per scenario and aggregation level (12 files total). Each file is self-contained: the hourly profiles, installed capacity, seasonal sums, polygon geometries, and scenario parameters are all embedded in the NetCDF. See `data_description_v*.md` included in the dataset for the full data model, coordinate definitions, and usage examples.

en: alps alpine-pv snow photovoltaic renewable-energy

envidat

approval_status: approved

fr: EnviDat est le portail de données du WSL; il offre un accès uniformisé et réglementé aux données de surveillance et de recherche en matière d’environnement. Ce portail est capable d’héberger et de publier des ensembles de données précieuses et uniques, qui sont partagées aux quatre coins de la planète. Ce faisant, EnviDat favorise la recherche et contribue à l’avancement des sciences environnementales.

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

it: EnviDat è il portale dati del WSL che fornisce un accesso unificato e gestito ai dati di monitoraggio ambientale e di ricerca. Il portale ha la capacità di ospitare e pubblicare serie di dati preziosi e unici che vengono condivisi in tutto il mondo. Così facendo, EnviDat promuove la ricerca e contribuisce al progresso della scienza ambientale.

de: EnviDat: das Umwelt-Datenportal

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

fr: EnviDat: le portail de données environnementales

it: EnviDat: il portale dei dati ambientali

political_level: other

state: active

type: organization

wsl

capacity: public

de: EnviDat

en: CH-ALPV300: Hourly Alpine-PV  Potential Profiles in Switzerland

type: dataset

key: guid

key: uri

value: Envidat Harvester

envi

de: Umwelt

en: Environment

fr: Environnement

it: Ambiente

en:
Resource Title: specs_v1.pdf
    Size: 10108273 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fb06af0f-1ac6-4d2b-ae8e-1d6950cd0413/resource/216f0204-0ac5-4510-8087-e6dfc7669078/download/specs_v1.pdf
    Description: Specifications, version 1

format: PDF

media_type: application/pdf

en:
Resource Title: profiles_2016_v1.zip
    Size: 112449290 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fb06af0f-1ac6-4d2b-ae8e-1d6950cd0413/resource/ecbc2326-e274-4734-9150-c394c0213a50/download/profiles_2016_v1.zip
    Description: Profiles 2016, version 1

format: ZIP

media_type: application/zip

en:
Resource Title: data_description_v1.md
    Size: 12104 bytes
    Format: text/markdown
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fb06af0f-1ac6-4d2b-ae8e-1d6950cd0413/resource/4dc40d28-c071-4463-8030-1a1661b02869/download/data_description_v1.md
    Description:

format: markdown

alpine-pv

display_name: alpine-pv

alps

display_name: alps

photovoltaic

display_name: photovoltaic

renewable-energy

display_name: renewable-energy

snow

display_name: snow


en:
Regional disturbance predisposition maps for windthrow, bark beetle and snow breakage. The maps are created using spatially explicit data of classified forest structure and site factor parameters. The classified input parameters were weighted according to their effect on windthrow, bark beetle and snow breakage predisposition using an expert-based model. The predisposition raster maps (10 x 10 m) represent the sum of expert-weighted effects on the predisposition and are provided as raw values (sum of the effects on predisposition) and as classified layers.
Classified predisposition maps are encoded as follows:
1: low predisposition (-50% quantile based on raw predisposition values)
2: increased predisposition (50–75% quantile)
3: high predisposition (-75–95% quantile)
4: extreme predisposition (-95% quantile)
Also included are the derived forest structure maps for development stage, dominant stand height, number of stems and canopy cover used for the predisposition mapping, as well as the R scripts and example data to re-create these parameters. Forest structure parameters are based on a data set of individual trees detected using a high-resolution vegetation height model. Further included are ArcPy scripts and example data to re-create the predisposition maps. Running the ArcPy scripts requires a valid ArcGis license including the extensions "SpatialAnalyst", "ImageAnalyst" and "3D".
The example data provided here is assembled from different sources; please check the related publication Bührle et al. (in review) for data sources and further information about the processing, the expert-based model, the forest structure derivation and the predisposition mapping.
Also consider reviewing the related datasets and publications Bast et al. (2025) for more information about canopy layering derivation and individual tree detection (ITD).

en: itd snow-breakage predisposition-mapping stem-number forest-structure windthrow stand-height tree-detection development-stage bark-beetle als canopy-cover predisposition

en: Regional bark beetle windthrow and snow breakage disturbance predisposition maps

en:
Resource Title: 02_python_scripts_predisposition_mapping.zip
    Size: 438323 bytes
    Format: application/x-zip-compressed
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/171b832f-9fd1-40c0-b2d6-f8f137b572e8/resource/e165fc12-ca86-423f-807a-d7cf1c8535a5/download/02_python_scripts_predisposition_mapping.zip
    Description: ArcPy-Python scripts and demo data to create the bark beetle, windthrow and snow breakage predisposition maps.

en:
Resource Title: 03_rcode_forest_structure.zip
    Size: 103693681 bytes
    Format: application/x-zip-compressed
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/171b832f-9fd1-40c0-b2d6-f8f137b572e8/resource/42199442-7c55-48ed-a3a7-04aaf9967da0/download/03_rcode_forest_structure.zip
    Description: R-codes and demo data to derive the forest structure parameters: development stage, number of stems, dominant stand height, and canopy coverage based on single trees detected from a vegetation height model. These parameters are necessary input parameters for predisposition mapping.

en:
Resource Title: 04_forest_structure_maps.zip
    Size: 34068234 bytes
    Format: application/x-zip-compressed
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/171b832f-9fd1-40c0-b2d6-f8f137b572e8/resource/cd162993-bc30-46c1-816b-0722c3d83a50/download/04_forest_structure_map.zip
    Description: Maps of development stage, number of stems, dominant stand height and canopy coverage based on single trees detected from a vegetation height model.

en:
Resource Title: 01_predispostion_maps.zip
    Size: 19881001 bytes
    Format: application/x-zip-compressed
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/171b832f-9fd1-40c0-b2d6-f8f137b572e8/resource/59df8818-2e56-4794-9152-3652c20fe6fc/download/01_predispostion_maps.zip
    Description: Classified and raw value predisposition maps for bark beetle, windthrow and snow breakage

als

display_name: als

bark-beetle

display_name: bark-beetle

canopy-cover

display_name: canopy-cover

development-stage

display_name: development-stage

forest-structure

display_name: forest-structure

itd

display_name: itd

predisposition

display_name: predisposition

predisposition-mapping

display_name: predisposition-mapping

snow-breakage

display_name: snow-breakage

stand-height

display_name: stand-height

stem-number

display_name: stem-number

tree-detection

display_name: tree-detection

windthrow

display_name: windthrow


en:
The R script eemma.R, which implements Ensemble End-Member Mixing Analysis (EEMMA) to estimate source fractions in mixtures, exploiting information contained in time-series correlations among tracer time series.
A brief user's guide, a demonstration script, and a demonstration data set are also provided, to accompany Kirchner, J.W., Mixing models with multiple, overlapping, or incomplete end-members, quantified using time series of a single tracer, Geophysical Research Letters, 2023.
The user's guide is available for public use under Creative Commons CC-BY-SA.  Public use of the scripts is permitted under GNU General Public License 3 (GPL3); for details see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/

en: end-member-mixing-analysis stable-isotopes mixing-models emma eemma tracers

en: eemma.R, an R script for Ensemble End-Member Mixing Analysis

en:
Resource Title: vignette data
    Size: 1659 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/48dff6cd-bfcb-4c5e-a30d-f909dc8d36d3/resource/f72873bb-b4f2-4cce-a408-8d53f54bdbec/download/vignette_data.txt
    Description: A simple data set for the vignette script

format: TXT

media_type: text/plain

en:
Resource Title: eemma.R
    Size: 46043 bytes
    Format: text/x-r
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/48dff6cd-bfcb-4c5e-a30d-f909dc8d36d3/resource/af04514c-75bb-4fbb-a5d2-4b25fcadf32f/download/eemma.r
    Description: An R script that performs ensemble end-member mixing analysis

en:
Resource Title: eemma vignette script
    Size: 4457 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/48dff6cd-bfcb-4c5e-a30d-f909dc8d36d3/resource/a96e9b19-9fee-4b21-b36c-5f7f84a4fb37/download/eemma_vignette_script.r
    Description: An R script for the vignettes (simple data analysis demonstrations) shown in the user's guide

format: OCTET

en:
Resource Title: eemma user's guide
    Size: 501164 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/48dff6cd-bfcb-4c5e-a30d-f909dc8d36d3/resource/8df18f5d-c902-4acc-a8ee-b94324a043a1/download/eemma-users-guide.pdf
    Description: A brief user's guide to EEMMA, with illustrations using a simple data set

eemma

display_name: eemma

emma

display_name: emma

end-member-mixing-analysis

display_name: end-member-mixing-analysis

mixing-models

display_name: mixing-models

stable-isotopes

display_name: stable-isotopes

tracers

display_name: tracers


en:
Naturally, large parts of the Swiss Plateau are characterised by wetlands
and meandering rivers. That this is no longer the case today is the result
of centuries of efforts to obtain dry land. But how did this process take
place? What were the relevant actors and what were their motivations? And
what can be said about the ecological consequences of this development?
In a research project on the history of wetlands in Switzerland since 1700,
we conducted (a) a historical analysis of the development of land use in
wetlands and the actors involved, (b) a historical-cartographic
reconstruction of wetland extent since 1850 and (c) an evaluation of
ecological effects of changes in wetlands on various organisms groups.
The series of GIS layers on wetland history stem from the second part of
the project. The area reconstruction is based on digitized and homogenized
signatures from national map series, as they have been available since
about 1850. Details about the digitalization process and the homogenization
procedures applied ("Rekonstruktionen") are included in Stuber & Bürgi
2019.
Book Citation:
 - Stuber M, Bürgi M (2019) Vom «eroberten Land» zum Renaturierungsprojekt. Geschichte der Feuchtgebiete in der Schweiz seit 1700. "Bristol Schriftenreihe", Band 59. Haupt Verlag, Bern, Stuttgart, Wien. 262 Seiten.

en: switzerland wetlands ecology environmental---history environmental--policy historical-carthography

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: History of wetlands in Switzerland since 1850

envi

en: Environment

ecology

display_name: ecology

environmental---history

display_name: environmental---history

environmental--policy

display_name: environmental--policy

historical-carthography

display_name: historical-carthography

switzerland

display_name: switzerland

wetlands

display_name: wetlands


en:
snowBedFoam 1.0. is a snow transport solver implemented in the computational fluid dynamics software OpenFOAM. It is adapted from the standard multi-phase flow solver DPMFoam for application in snow-influenced environments.
To simulate aeolian snow transport, snowBedFoam 1.0. handles coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian phases, which involve a finite number of particles (snow) spread in a continuous phase (air). The snow erosion and deposition are modelled through physics-based equations similar to the ones employed in the well-established LES-Lagrangian Stochastic Model (Comola and Lehning, 2017 ; Sharma et al., 2018 ; Melo et al., 2022). This modelling approach is computationally intensive and thus adapted to simulate snow movement and distribution on small scale terrain.
First, snowBedFoam 1.0. was applied to topographical data collected on Arctic sea ice during the MOSAiC expedition (Clemens-Sewall, 2021). Together with atmospheric data from the MOSAiC Met City (Shupe et al., 2021) used for the fluid forcing, the model was able to accurately simulate the zones of erosion and deposition of snow along a complex ice ridge structure (Hames et al., 2022).
Second, snowBedFoam 1.0. was used to simulate the snow distribution around the German Antarctic research station Neumayer Station III. The effect of snow properties, fluid forcing and aerodynamic structures on the snow accumulation were assessed.
snowBedFoam 1.0 was implemented in 2 different OpenFOAM versions, namely OpenFOAM-2.3.0 and OpenFOAM-5.0. The latter offers more options for turbulence models and boundary conditions. The fundamental model equations were not changed from one implementation to the other, thus both still correspond to snowBedFoam 1.0. The two branches are called snowBedFoam-v1-2.3.0 (OpenFOAM-2.3.0)  and snowBedFoam-v1-5.0 (OpenFOAM-5.0). The core codes of snowBedFoam 1.0. are directly accessible on the WSL/SLF GitLab repository (more details in the Resources section).

en: arctic-sea-ice mosaic openfoam antarctica snow-deposition snow-transport

en: snowBedFoam: an OpenFOAM Eulerian-Lagrangian solver for modelling snow transport

en:
Resource Title: MOSAiC Met City preliminary (Level 2) wind data
    Size: 37737 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8bdc13ec-e59e-4f08-aa0d-646745fb76a6/resource/a9b2c876-ac90-4aa5-ab56-a06e82221894/download/mosaic_mettowerdata_level2.zip
    Description: Extract from the preliminary MOSAiC atmospheric data (Level 2) for the time period 6th to 13th of November, 2019.
This data was used to set up the fluid forcing parameters in the snowBedFoam simulations on MOSAiC sea ice. It is being published in this repository with the kind permission from Matthew Shupe and his team.
The final processed and quality controlled version of this dataset (Level 3) has not been published yet. A complete reference will be added in this description once it is released.

en:
Resource Title: Neumayer III simulations
    Size: 296665509 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8bdc13ec-e59e-4f08-aa0d-646745fb76a6/resource/6bce1ab3-5fab-4fe6-afb0-7aa90760e9d2/download/nm3-simulations.zip
    Description: Snow distribution results around Neumayer Station III obtained for the sensitivity analysis and comparison to measurements. The file contains several sub-folders, namely:
-COMP: simulation output for the comparison to measurements;
-FLOW: simulation output for the study of wind forcing impact;
-simulation_exampleCase: example case of a snowBedFoam simulation with the reference Neumayer Station mesh;
-SNOW: simulation output for the study of snow properties impact;
-STRUCT: simulation output for the study of structure properties impact.

en:
Resource Title: snowBedFoam-v1-5.0
    Size: 40167324 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8bdc13ec-e59e-4f08-aa0d-646745fb76a6/resource/87b34f08-3ae1-44d3-bd5a-aa502f8e83c3/download/snowbedfoam-v1-5.0.zip
    Description: OpenFOAM-5.0 scripts containing the implemented Eulerian-Lagrangian snow transport model.

The code file provided here is not updated. The most recent version of the script can be found on the WSL/SLF GitLab repository: https://gitlabext.wsl.ch/atmospheric-models/snowbedfoam-v1-0.git

en:
Resource Title: snowBedFoam-v1-2.3.0
    Size: 38674582 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8bdc13ec-e59e-4f08-aa0d-646745fb76a6/resource/056080d7-e68d-4cb8-9b63-34ebf5998fe7/download/snowbedfoam-v1-0-main.zip
    Description: OpenFOAM-2.3.0. scripts containing the implemented Eulerian-Lagrangian snow transport model.

The code file provided here is not updated. The most recent version of the script can be found on the WSL/SLF GitLab repository: https://gitlabext.wsl.ch/atmospheric-models/snowbedfoam-v1-0.git

en:
Resource Title: Paper Draft
    Size: 3025070 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8bdc13ec-e59e-4f08-aa0d-646745fb76a6/resource/0c5b7c6e-afa2-4a08-bb12-351648d1e1f9/download/snowbedfoam_mosaicseaice.pdf
    Description: This is the initial draft of the paper where the snowBedFoam 1.0. results are tested against Terrestrial Laser Scan (TLS) measurements of snow dynamics on Arctic sea ice (MOSAiC expedition). It highlights the numerical limitations of our model as well as the measurement uncertainties, which may occur in such extreme environments.

en:
Resource Title: Snowdrift measurements around Neumayer Station III
    Size: 32270 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8bdc13ec-e59e-4f08-aa0d-646745fb76a6/resource/a6d100a5-ab97-41f4-b45a-dbed9fb30619/download/nm3-measurements.zip
    Description: Files containing the topographical data barometrically measured in June 2009 around the German Antarctic Research station Neumayer III. Those measurements are compared to the snowBedFoam simulations to assess the ability of the model to reproduce real snow distribution observations.

antarctica

display_name: antarctica

arctic-sea-ice

display_name: arctic-sea-ice

mosaic

display_name: mosaic

openfoam

display_name: openfoam

snow-deposition

display_name: snow-deposition

snow-transport

display_name: snow-transport


en: High quality meteorological data are needed for long-term forest ecosystem research, particularly in the light of global change. The long-term data series published here comprises almost 20 years of measurements for two meteorological stations in Novaggio in Switzerland where one station is located within a natural deciduous forest stand (NOB) with Turkey oak (_Quercus cerris_; 70 yrs), sweet chestnut (_Castanea sativa_; 90 yrs) and silver birch (_Betula pendula_; 70 yrs) as dominant tree species. A second station is situated in the very vicinity outside of the forest (field station, NOF). The meteorological time series are presented in hourly time resolution of air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and wind speed. Novaggio is part of the Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research Programme (LWF) established and maintained by the Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL.

en: swiss-forest-lab long-term precipitation relative-humidity temperature meteorology wind-speed par meteo climate-change

en: Novaggio, Switzerland: Long-term forest meteorological data from the Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research Programme (LWF), from 1996 onwards

en:
Resource Title: Site photo of the field station (NOF)
    Size: 10716874 bytes
    Format: image/jpeg
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/a9a344ff-1bb5-4cce-8181-782d9fcdfc97/download/nof.jpg
    Description: Site photo of the field station from the side.

format: jpeg

en:
Resource Title: Site photo of the forest station (NOB)
    Size: 730076 bytes
    Format: image/jpeg
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/713fbe23-a37a-43f4-a0fd-6210d2e6b998/download/nob.jpg
    Description: Site photo of the forest station from the side.

en:
Resource Title: Data plot of the field station (NOF)
    Size: 323553 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/109222cc-7332-4d1b-bca0-a7720535c593/download/nofplot.pdf
    Description: Data overview for air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, PAR, wind speed.

en:
Resource Title: Site aerial photo (Novaggio)
    Size: 6966649 bytes
    Format: image/jpeg
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/2d0020ad-1764-4b92-b5ce-32e0e19b59ce/download/nofront.jpg
    Description: Site aerial photo from both Novaggio stations. Source: Google. 2016. Site aerial photo from both Novaggio stations. Retrieved November 15, 2016, from https://www.google.ch/maps

en:
Resource Title: Data plot of the forest station (NOB)
    Size: 284094 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/02358b22-ed7e-4a9a-962e-baebc6b6f3ab/download/nobplot.pdf
    Description: Data overview for air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, PAR, wind speed.

en:
Resource Title: Forest station data (NOB)
    Size: 11388367 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/cfcaf24a-9db8-4c9e-a199-feb4b81525da/download/nobforest.csv
    Description: Data file.

format: CSV

media_type: text/csv

en:
Resource Title: Field station data (NOF)
    Size: 11304975 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cee2fefc-daa6-424a-b78c-3e324e6138ac/resource/c233f5ad-47f9-42f2-99f4-f7eb776d030c/download/noffield.csv
    Description: Data file.

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

long-term

display_name: long-term

meteo

display_name: meteo

meteorology

display_name: meteorology

par

display_name: par

precipitation

display_name: precipitation

relative-humidity

display_name: relative-humidity

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab

temperature

display_name: temperature

wind-speed

display_name: wind-speed


en:
In order to use the QGIS plugin ‘Seilaplan’ for digital cable line planning, a digital terrain model (DTM) is required. As an alternative to using the ‘Swiss Geo Downloader’ plugin, the DTM can be obtained directly from Swisstopo. In this tutorial we explain step by step how to download the necessary DTM from the Swisstopo Website, and how to use it in QGIS for the digital planning of a cable line using the plugin ‘Seilaplan’. Please note that the tutorial language is German!
Link to the elevation model on the swisstopo website: https://www.swisstopo.admin.ch/de/geodata/height/alti3d.htmltechnische_details
Link to the rope map website: https://seilaplan.wsl.ch
********************
Für die Verwendung des QGIS Plugins Seilaplan zur digitalen Seillinienplanung ist ein digitales Höhenmodell (DHM) nötig. Als Alternative zum Swiss Geo Downloader erklären wir in diesem Tutorial Schritt für Schritt, wie man das nötige Höhenmodell von der Swisstopo Webseite herunterladen und in QGIS zur Seillinienplanung verwenden kann.
Link zum Höhenmodell auf der swisstopo Webseite: https://www.swisstopo.admin.ch/de/geodata/height/alti3d.htmltechnische_details
Link zur Seilaplan-Website: https://seilaplan.wsl.ch

en: digital-elevation-model swiss-geodata swisstopo open-source digital-planning qgis-plugin geoinformation-software cable-yarding seilaplan

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Seilaplan Tutorial: DTM download from swisstopo website

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: View video on youtube!
    Size: 1024 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://youtu.be/jUuxp_Xk64k
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Herunterladen des DHM von swisstopo Website
    Size: 246551051 bytes
    Format: video/mp4
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/ed0aaf2e-e5dc-4149-85f2-3bb848a30ffe/resource/6b58a8ae-fb28-42ac-8bec-5db98e69f17e/download/seilaplan_tutorial_2_website.mp4
    Description:

cable-yarding

display_name: cable-yarding

digital-elevation-model

display_name: digital-elevation-model

digital-planning

display_name: digital-planning

geoinformation-software

display_name: geoinformation-software

open-source

display_name: open-source

qgis-plugin

display_name: qgis-plugin

seilaplan

display_name: seilaplan

swiss-geodata

display_name: swiss-geodata

swisstopo

display_name: swisstopo


en: Data on soil nutrients and charcteristics, tree and understory biomass, foliage nutrients, mineralogy, soil temperature and moisture along an elevation gradient from boreal forest to mountain tundra in teh Khibiny mountains (Kola Penninsula, Russia). Samples were taken along two gradients at 7 elevation level either under tree canopy (tree) and in open areas (open).

en: climate-change soil-nutrients plant-community biomass-dynamics plant-traits treeline-ecosystems

format: XLS

biomass-dynamics

display_name: biomass-dynamics

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

plant-community

display_name: plant-community

plant-traits

display_name: plant-traits

soil-nutrients

display_name: soil-nutrients

treeline-ecosystems

display_name: treeline-ecosystems


envidat-supports-open-science

en:
The article "EnviDat Supports Open Science" originally appeared in WSLintern No. 3 (2020), page 14-15 and it is republished here with permission from the WSLintern editorial team. It contains guidelines for WSL scientists about the main issues behind Open Science and how to pragmatically approach the complexities of doing Open Science with EnviDat’s support.
License: This article is released by WSL and the EnviDat team to the public domain under a Creative Commons 4.0 CC0 "No Rights Reserved" international license. You can reuse the information contained herein in any way you want, for any purposes and without restrictions.

en: open-science juypter-notebooks envidat research-data-management wsl

en: EnviDat Supports Open Science

title_for_slug: envidat-supports-open-science

envidat

display_name: envidat

juypter-notebooks

display_name: juypter-notebooks

open-science

display_name: open-science

research-data-management

display_name: research-data-management

wsl

display_name: wsl


en:
This dataset contains the data used  and collected to investigate the reliability of avalanche size estimates and avalanche outlines (see related publications). Namely this is
 Avalanche size estimates
* the 10 pictures depicting avalanches
* the survey results from the 170 participants
 Avalanche outlines mapped from oblique photographs
* the pictures of the six avalanches
* the avalanche outlines mapped by the 10 participants
* the reference mapped from the georeferenced photographs
 Avalanche outlines from remotely-sensed imagery
* the orthophotos in the four different resolutions (2m, 1m, 50cm, 25cm)
* the area of interest (AoI) delimiting the research area
* the avalanche mappings in each resolution for all five participants
* the shade masks used to separate illuminated and shaded areas
The acquisition of the orthophotos has been partially supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF; Grant N°200021_172800).

en: avalanche reliability remote-sensing avalanche-size-estimation avalanche-mapping

en: Data reliability study: avalanche size estimates and outlines

avalanche

display_name: avalanche

avalanche-mapping

display_name: avalanche-mapping

avalanche-size-estimation

display_name: avalanche-size-estimation

reliability

display_name: reliability

remote-sensing

display_name: remote-sensing


en:
This dataset comprises a large array of ecological data for the European Alps:
    (1) Current soil and climate predictors at various resolutions.
    (2) GBIF observations of the European Alps Flora (~4,000 species).
    (3) Species habitat suitability maps (1,109 species; based on species observations filtered at 40x40-km)
    at various resolutions used in the study to generate (4); except 'expert'...
    (4) Expert, Taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity of the study region at various resolutions
    (from 100-m to 40-km --- 100-m aggregated & mean to km + non-aggregated/predicted) for CLIM,
    SOIL and CLIM-SOIL models.
    (5) Ecological and altitudinal preferences of the European Alps Flora.
    (6) Data outputs of the related published article.
    (7) All scripts used for analyses.
    (8) Additional files used for analyses.
    (9) Improved set of species habitat suitability maps (~2,600 species; based on species observations
    filtered at 1x1-km) and related taxonomic diversity at 100-m resolution (aggregated to km +
    non-aggregated/predicted) for CLIM, SOIL and CLIM-SOIL models ---- not incorporated in the study.

en: taxonomic-diversity phylogenetic-diversity functional-diversity grain-size soil ecological-indicator-values climate

en: Resolution in species distribution models shapes spatial patterns of plant multifaceted diversity

climate

display_name: climate

ecological-indicator-values

display_name: ecological-indicator-values

functional-diversity

display_name: functional-diversity

grain-size

display_name: grain-size

phylogenetic-diversity

display_name: phylogenetic-diversity

soil

display_name: soil

taxonomic-diversity

display_name: taxonomic-diversity


en:
This repository contains anonymised survey data, choice experiment material, and R code from a multilingual online survey of chocolate consumers in Switzerland conducted in June 2024. The survey was fielded in German, French, and Italian through Bilendi Schweiz AG within the [Deliberative Diets](https://www.deliberative-diets.net/) research project at the [Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)](https://www.wsl.ch/en/), funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.
The survey included questions on chocolate purchasing behavior, attitudes and beliefs regarding ethically produced chocolate, socio-demographic characteristics, and a discrete choice experiment on chocolate tablet attributes. The choice experiment elicited preferences over product profiles varying by label, cocoa distribution channel, environmental impact of cocoa cultivation, place of chocolate production, and price premium.
The repository underlies three related studies based on the same empirical survey. The first is [Towards an ethical chocolate supply chain: Matching Swiss consumer preferences with policy instruments](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2025.100376), which uses the survey’s discrete choice experiment to derive a respondent-level behavioral proxy of ethical chocolate choice. The second study uses this proxy together with survey-based psychological constructs to analyse ethical consumption intentions, behavior, and policy support among Swiss chocolate consumers. The third study examines how Swiss consumers respond to disclosed supply-chain governance cues and how these preferences vary with latent psychological dispositions and feasibility constraints.
The archived materials are intended to support transparency and reproducibility. They include an anonymised master dataset, documentation of the choice experiment design, survey materials, and R scripts for preparing article-specific analytical datasets and reproducing the reported analyses.

en: discrete-choice survey ethical-consumption switzerland chocolate-consumers policy-support supply-chain governance r-code

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Survey data and R code for a choice experiment on ethical chocolate consumption and supply-chain governance in Switzerland

en:
Resource Title: 03_analysis_j.ecolecon_2026.R
    Size: 20275 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/f656f988-4682-4426-94a4-365896afe226/download/03_analysis_j.ecolecon_2026.r
    Description: R script used to estimate the integrated choice and latent variable model and willingness-to-pay analyses for the study on supply-chain governance cues and consumer constraints.

en:
Resource Title: choice_experiment_design_documentation.txt
    Size: 2253 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/5a2b1682-ea30-4711-920b-57caba9dd813/download/choice_experiment_design_documentation.txt
    Description: Documentation of the discrete choice experiment design, including task structure, attribute levels, blocking, and design generation procedure.

en:
Resource Title: chocolate_survey_master.csv
    Size: 2537554 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.ms-excel
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/f7608398-ab56-46e8-98c9-c87af8fcc045/download/chocolate_survey_master.csv
    Description: Anonymised master dataset from a multilingual online survey of chocolate consumers in Switzerland conducted in June 2024, including discrete choice experiment responses, questionnaire measures, and derived analysis variables.

en:
Resource Title: README.txt
    Size: 5007 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/e96b8b22-1e6b-43f4-8440-08fd7900ea0c/download/readme.txt
    Description: Overview of the deposited repository, including study context, data structure, included files, related studies, and guidance for reuse of the anonymised survey data and documentation.

en:
Resource Title: README_code.txt
    Size: 2345 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/2bf8c430-396d-4737-acc6-5973a2b9742c/download/readme_code.txt
    Description: Overview of the archived R code, including script purposes, software requirements, input data, and notes on reproducibility.

en:
Resource Title: session_info.txt
    Size: 18749 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/3d450f72-1099-4657-a53d-7c717972dba7/download/session_info.txt
    Description: Output file documenting the R version, platform, locale, attached packages, and installed package versions used for the archived analyses.

en:
Resource Title: survey_questionnaire_documentation.pdf
    Size: 83651 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/4ea70b5f-3feb-4d94-8642-18673ea1cfd5/download/survey_questionnaire_documentation.pdf
    Description: Documentation of the archived survey instrument, including questionnaire flow, thematic blocks, response scales, and the structure of the embedded discrete choice experiment.

en:
Resource Title: chocolate_survey_master_codebook.xlsx
    Size: 24484 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/4479b4d0-3223-4ee0-9ee2-618791ecf6c1/download/chocolate_survey_master_codebook.xlsx
    Description: Codebook for the master dataset, including variable names, coding, labels, and mappings needed to interpret the deposited survey and choice experiment data.

en:
Resource Title: 02_analysis_j.foodqual_2025.R
    Size: 23009 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/ee48ae36-1930-49a3-a110-663aba662705/download/02_analysis_j.foodqual_2025.r
    Description: R script used for descriptive analysis, factor analysis, invariance testing, and structural equation modelling for the study on ethical consumption intentions, behaviour, and policy support.

en:
Resource Title: 01_analysis_j.clrc_2025.R
    Size: 12155 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/53407b1f-c042-4eb8-93c1-bb9119a93772/resource/fda6ccf3-e242-45ad-95ed-2356cd31b99a/download/01_analysis_j.clrc_2025.r
    Description: R script used to estimate the latent class model for the study on consumer preferences and policy-relevant ethical chocolate supply-chain profiles.

chocolate-consumers

display_name: chocolate-consumers

discrete-choice

display_name: discrete-choice

ethical-consumption

display_name: ethical-consumption

governance

display_name: governance

policy-support

display_name: policy-support

r-code

display_name: r-code

supply-chain

display_name: supply-chain

survey

display_name: survey

switzerland

display_name: switzerland


en: Structural and functional changes of microbial communities in ephemeral stream sediments and adjacent soils between was assessed in an artificial newly created catchment at 3 and 13 years after catchment construction. Bacterial and fungal communities, respiration and extracellular enzyme activities were assessed.

en: ecosystem-functions soil-respiration microbial-biodiversity beta-diversity microbial-respiration

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Chicken Creek 10 years

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: Bacterial amplicon sequencing
    Size: 7228320 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/79a1efb9-d34d-41ae-9f17-81e21192c9f7/resource/8fc928d0-5b3f-41a1-9326-e44a412ad6a1/download/bacteria-metagenomics-raw-data.xlsx
    Description: Bacterial ASVs and taxonomic tables

en:
Resource Title: Fungal amplicon sequencing
    Size: 1436018 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/79a1efb9-d34d-41ae-9f17-81e21192c9f7/resource/9195ccc2-7307-4f42-b698-52874737bf40/download/fungal-metagenomics-raw-data.xlsx
    Description: Fungal ASVs and taxonomic tables

en:
Resource Title: Microbial functions and metadata
    Size: 58930 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/79a1efb9-d34d-41ae-9f17-81e21192c9f7/resource/0f3324ec-664c-4977-a325-6bd37e1e52e9/download/functions-and-soil-metadata.xlsx
    Description: Extracellular enzyme activities, respiration and sites metadata

beta-diversity

display_name: beta-diversity

ecosystem-functions

display_name: ecosystem-functions

microbial-biodiversity

display_name: microbial-biodiversity

microbial-respiration

display_name: microbial-respiration

soil-respiration

display_name: soil-respiration


en:
The dataset "Lake_climate_change_scenarios_CH2018" provides simulation-based climate change impact scenarios for perialpine lakes in Switzerland. These transient future scenarios were produced by combining the hydrologic model PREVAH with the hydrodynamic model MIKE11 to simulate daily lake water level (Lake_water_level_scenarios_CH2018.xls) and outflow scenarios (Lake_outflow_scenarios_CH2018.xls) from 1981 to 2099, using the Swiss Climate Change Scenarios CH2018. The future scenarios contain a total of 39 model members for three Representative Concentration Pathways, RCP2.6 (concerted mitigation efforts), RCP4.5 (limited climate mitigation) and RCP8.5 (no climate mitigation measures). These scenarios result from the study titled "Lower summer lake levels in regulated perialpine lakes, caused by climate change," authored by Wechsler et al. in 2023.
The dataset emphasizes four specific Swiss lakes, each subject to different degrees of lake level management: an unregulated lake (Lake Walen), a semi-regulated lake (Lake Brienz), and two regulated lakes (Lake Zurich and Lake Thun).
In addition, the file (Lake_characteristics.xlsx) includes data used in the modeling process, encompassing the stage-area relation for the four lakes, stage-discharge relations for the unregulated and semi-regulated lakes, and lake level management rules for the two regulated lakes.

en: switzerland hydrologic-and-hydrodynamic-modelling perialpine-lakes climate-change lake-level-regulation

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Lake climate change scenarios CH2018

en:
Resource Title: Lake characteristics
    Size: 668782 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1c350a5c-5297-43ad-ae2f-f093b5f4bfa3/resource/469b12d3-8184-4ce1-a2c8-881a5b81db3e/download/lake_characteristics.xlsx
    Description: Lake characteristics: stage-area relation for Lake Walen, Lake Zurich, Lake Brienz and Lake Thun, stage-discharge relations for the unregulated Lake Walen and semi-regulated Lake Brienz and, lake level management rules for the two regulated lakes Zurich and Thun.

en:
Resource Title: Lake outflow scenarios CH2018
    Size: 129406464 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.ms-excel
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1c350a5c-5297-43ad-ae2f-f093b5f4bfa3/resource/5d653540-4338-4d0f-bad3-4d083584964a/download/lake_outflow_scenarios_ch2018.xls
    Description: Lake outflow scenarios for Lake Walen, Lake Zurich, Lake Brienz and Lake Thun.

en:
Resource Title: Lake water level scenarios CH2018
    Size: 128937984 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.ms-excel
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1c350a5c-5297-43ad-ae2f-f093b5f4bfa3/resource/b461ac74-3c51-4c96-9602-6200405f7ef4/download/lake_water_level_scenarios_ch2018.xls
    Description: Lake water level scenarios for Lake Walen, Lake Zurich, Lake Brienz and Lake Thun.

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

hydrologic-and-hydrodynamic-modelling

display_name: hydrologic-and-hydrodynamic-modelling

lake-level-regulation

display_name: lake-level-regulation

perialpine-lakes

display_name: perialpine-lakes


en:
We established our study sites in the cities of Basel, Lugano and Zurich. We characterised urban tree cover of each city using a rectangular grid with squares of 100x100 m. Within each square, we measured the area covered by urban trees using the European Union's Copernicus Land Monitoring Service information, Urban Atlas Street Tree Layer 2018 [https://doi.org/10.2909/205691b3-7ae9-41dd-abf1-1fbf60d72c8c](https://doi.org/10.2909/205691b3-7ae9-41dd-abf1-1fbf60d72c8c).
Then we assigned each square to three categories of urban tree cover that roughly represented the main types of urban uses:
1) low cover, industrial/commercial areas, 0-20% tree cover;
2) intermediate cover, residential areas, 20-40% tree cover;
3) high cover, urban parks and cemeteries, 40-60% tree cover.
-br/--br/-
We measured bird predation rate on the non-native insect larvae of the horse chestnut leaf miner (HCLM) Cameraria ohridella, an invasive moth that lays eggs and completes its larval and pupal development stages within the leaves of the horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanus. The larvae feed on leaf fluids and tissue while creating mines within the leaf, which ultimately results in early leaf browning and loss of photosynthetic activity. We collected roughly ten twigs from each tree, including five twigs from the inner and five from the outer crown. Each twig carried 2-4 leaves, for a total of 3408 leaflets. Leaves were stored for ~10 weeks in a refrigerated room at 4 degrees C. We checked all HCLM mines using a stereo microscope and distinguished among open and close mines.
Open mines were further divided based on the opening hole, whether it was a small round exit hole of the larva or the parasitoid, or an irregularly shaped, large bird predation hole.

en: insects urban-ecology insect-herbivores biodiversity plant-insect-interaction urban-biodiversity larvae birds

en: Urban bird predation on horse chestnut leaf miner Cameraria ohridella in three Swiss cities

en:
Resource Title: Urban_Birds_predation_HCLM.xlsx
    Size: 838701 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/529759b5-c550-42b9-94e1-b982afcebfb9/resource/46ed81e5-5d88-410a-ab27-1e4085783bc1/download/urban_birds_predation_hclm.xlsx
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Urban_Birds_predation_HCLM.xlsx
    Size: 838540 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/529759b5-c550-42b9-94e1-b982afcebfb9/resource/ed64e814-87d3-4166-bad2-6da29fc75b7a/download/urban_birds_predation_hclm.xlsx
    Description:

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

birds

display_name: birds

insect-herbivores

display_name: insect-herbivores

insects

display_name: insects

larvae

display_name: larvae

plant-insect-interaction

display_name: plant-insect-interaction

urban-biodiversity

display_name: urban-biodiversity

urban-ecology

display_name: urban-ecology


en:
This dataset contains the road and plot data used for the geospatial analysis example showcased in "Fostering Open Science at WSL with the EnviDat Environmental Data Portal", a contribution to the 5th Open Source Geospatial Research and Education Symposium (OGRS), 2018.
The example uses Jupyter Notebook to calculate road densities in the neighbourhood of sample plot locations with Python. Road data were extracted from OpenStreetMap, while the point data (sample plots) were generated manually.

en: jupyter density buffer roads gis geospatial

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Dataset for OGRS 2018 publication

en:
Resource Title: Plots
    Size: 1719 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/173de5b0-ae7b-46dc-9b1f-7df640106736/download/plots.zip
    Description: Random plot locations

en:
Resource Title: Road Density Calculation (Python Notebook) online
    Size: 0
    Format: application/x-ipynb+json
    URL: https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/urls/www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/38ba30db-e7cd-45eb-b84e-5d00e1877dd3/download/roaddensitycalculation.ipynb
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Road Density Calculation (Python Notebook)
    Size: 8643 bytes
    Format: application/x-ipynb+json
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/38ba30db-e7cd-45eb-b84e-5d00e1877dd3/download/roaddensitycalculation.ipynb
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Strassen_OSM
    Size: 394934 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/5d097dde-387f-4ab9-9e95-aa47c14bae75/download/menzbergzero.zip
    Description: Road data from OSM for the surroundings of Menzberg, Switzerland

buffer

display_name: buffer

density

display_name: density

geospatial

display_name: geospatial

gis

display_name: gis

jupyter

display_name: jupyter

roads

display_name: roads


en:
The Swiss Landscape Monitoring Program (LABES) records both the physical and the perceived quality of the landscape with about 30 indicators. The surveys of the physical aspects are largely based on evaluations of data available throughout Switzerland from swisstopo and the Federal Statistical Office (FSO). Another significant part of the data comes from a nationwide population survey on landscape perception.
This dataset describes data that have been assembled in the 2020 update of the Swiss Landscape Monitoring Program LABES.

en: ecosystem-services landscape landscape-ecology european-landscape-convention landscape-perception

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: LABES 2 Indicators of the Swiss Landscape Monitoring Program

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: LABES_NEU_9_Windanlagen
    Size: 31839422 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/8ad25619-6fd6-44eb-8356-128591a07d67/download/labes_neu_9_windanlagen.zip
    Description: This indicator shows the situation of wind energy in Switzerland. Firstly, we locate the current wind turbines and wind farms in Switzerland and compare their location with the wind speed map and the federal government's base map concerning the main wind potential areas. Secondly, we analyse the development of wind energy in Switzerland over the years and the efficiency of such structures.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_1_Wald
    Size: 880214 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/ecac03e4-7b78-4cfd-b8dc-0f901784105f/download/labes_1_wald.zip
    Description: Indicator 1 quantitatively describes the forest area of Switzerland and its change. The required data on forest area are calculated using the area statistics (Swiss Federal Statistical Office, SFSO).

en:
Resource Title: LABES_14_Licht
    Size: 35479307 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/89793b05-e29e-4db1-acf6-44bea2b37965/download/labes_14_licht.zip
    Description: Light emissions in 500m resolution for entire Switzerland for the periode 2014-2020 using VIIRS-VCSML

en:
Resource Title: LABES_NEU_2_Abgeschiedenheit
    Size: 234154689 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/091a8634-f47c-44f0-89f2-122cecf3f12d/download/labes_neu_2_abgeschiedenheit.zip
    Description: Remoteness implies distance from a reference. In the case of an actual journey through a remote landscape, this distance can mean the physical distance from society or from signs of civilisation. In solitude, individuals face the elements of nature and thus move a step away from the backing of security provided by civilised society.
To calculate the remoteness of each grid cell per time period, the "Path Distance" ArcGIS tool is used. This calculates the cost between each grid cell and the settlement areas (pixels with >15 people) as the shortest trajectory. The surface distance is calculated from the horizontal and vertical distance (including the digital elevation model DHM25) and a cost grid, which assigns to each cell the costs incurred when passing through this area. As soon as the trajectory meets (or starts on) a road on which the settlement can be reached, the journey time by public transport or by private means of transport is calculated and the shorter of the two journey times is used.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_2a_Nutzungsvielfalt_in_der_LW_Flaeche
    Size: 40224676 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/7d98e337-544b-4a43-bb68-e88b45aa38b6/download/labes_2a_nutzungsvielfalt_in_der_lw_flaeche.zip
    Description: This indicator measures the average number of different uses of agricultural land in Switzerland. It is thus a measure of the diversity of agricultural land. The agricultural structure survey is used to record the diversity of use.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_31a_Gewaesserabschnitte_frei_begehbar
    Size: 650033460 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/5936cb4e-fdb5-42fe-abc8-a2e1b49819db/download/labes_31a_gewaesserabschnitte_frei_begehbar.zip
    Description: Indicator 31a describes the accessibility of water bodies in Switzerland. Water bodies are popular recreational areas. In order to be used by the population, therefore they should be freely accessible.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_2_Veraenderung_LW_Flaeche
    Size: 1823447 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/1b183a3b-12fb-4449-9f94-6dbdbb27c09c/download/labes_2_veraenderung_lw_flaeche.zip
    Description: Indicator 2 describes the quantitative change in Switzerland's agricultural area excluding summer pastures. It contributes to assessing the basic agricultural use, which is very important for the landscape. This has a significant impact on the character of the landscape and on biodiversity.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_36_Zersiedlung
    Size: 318716414 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/4d6c7084-30af-47c7-a5db-8c5fa24fc96a/download/labes_36_zersiedlung.zip
    Description: As a metric for characterising urban sprawl, the measure of urban sprawl (Z or weighted urban permeation WUP) was first propagated by Jaeger et al. (2008). We use this measure here. Urban sprawl is expressed in DSE/m2. The metric was refined within the framework of the National Research Programme 54 "Sustainable settlement and infrastructure development" in the project "Landscape sprawl Switzerland - Quantitative analysis 1935 to 2002 and implications for spatial planning" (Jaeger et al. 2008).

en:
Resource Title: LABES_11_Gewaesser
    Size: 87721372 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/3989c431-0da1-4f0f-ae38-0052dd0d5b59/download/labes_11_gewaesser.zip
    Description: Indicator 11a describes the change in the length of watercourses in Switzerland between different points in time. The changes are systematically recorded on the basis of the changes in the national maps 1:25,000, later Vector25 and from about 2012 using TLM3D. With this evaluation protocol (2022), the sampling procedure of "Landschaft unter Druck" is used for the last time. It consists of 152 sampling rectangles in which the changes are recorded and extrapolated to the whole of Switzerland. From TLM3D (2020) onwards, the extrapolation is guaranteed for the entire area of Switzerland.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_32_Anlagefrei
    Size: 245411882 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/fd301e2a-b4aa-40da-8268-bfb3f0f7fbd3/download/labes_32_anlagefrei.zip
    Description: For many people, "untouched landscape" is the very essence of nature. There are hardly any places left in Switzerland that have no human influence. But you can find regions where human influence is not so obvious. These are areas where no human buildings and installations can be seen. Areas free of facilities are therefore the most natural areas that can be found in Switzerland.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_17a_Soemmerungsweiden
    Size: 373970 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/58fe447d-badc-4f46-b5ae-4a27e3278ad5/download/labes_17a_soemmerungsweiden.zip
    Description: Summer pastures make up the majority of extensively used agricultural land in Switzerland. Summer pastures are located at altitudes that do not allow intensive use of the land, as is the case in the Central Plateau. Fertiliser use is either non-existent or limited. The indicator helps to measure changes in a basic agricultural use that is very important for the mountain landscape. It is a major determinant of landscape character and biodiversity.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_8_Bauen_ausserhalb_Bauzone_neue_Berechnung
    Size: 552983317 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/6f63c401-4569-416a-835e-bbf92db5c446/download/labes_8_bauen_ausserhalb_bauzone_neue_berechnung.zip
    Description: Indicator 8 quantitatively describes the Euclidean distance from each point of a 12.5x12.5m grid outside the building zone to the nearest building. This is a revision based on a new calculation method.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_9_Zerschneidung
    Size: 2873713695 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/49481125-656d-4f80-b637-5e269df54345/download/labes_9_zerschneidung.zip
    Description: Transport infrastructure such as highways, connecting roads and railroads, as well as settlement areas divide a landscape into individual areas separated from each other. To measure the degree of landscape fragmentation, the metric of "effective mesh size" (meff) was used (Jaeger 2000). It expresses the probability that there are no separating elements, such as traffic routes or settlements, between two randomly selected points. The more separating elements cut up the landscape, the lower this probability and the smaller the effective mesh size.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_7_Versiegelung
    Size: 83715075 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/c285f76d-d16e-49eb-a894-11d22b91ffe6/download/labes_7_versiegelung.zip
    Description: The degree of imperviousness indicates the sealed surface area as a percentage. The LABES indicator 7 is surveyed with the area statistics Switzerland. The survey interval of the areal statistics is 12 years for the first 3 surveys and 9 years for the fourth survey of the areal statistics; therefore, short-term developments in the change of the sealed surface cannot be recorded.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_NEU_14_StaedtischesGruen
    Size: 13710568925 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/17cbc14c-0f93-4757-9bc7-1ea8b3a241e2/download/labes_neu_14_staedtischesgruen.zip
    Description: This indicator shows the state of vegetation within urban areas in Switzerland. On the one hand, the entire vegetation period is considered, taking into account all data from mid-May to mid-September. On the other hand, an additional analysis focuses on the spring period from mid-May to the end of June in order to observe only the growing season, which in the vast majority of cases is not yet affected by drought stress.
The remote sensing data used to calculate this indicator come from Sentinel-2 MSI and cover the whole of Switzerland. Sentinel-2 is a wide-area, high-resolution, multispectral imaging mission of ESA for monitoring vegetation, soil and water cover. Sentinel-2 Level-1C data were used, which are radiometrically and geometrically corrected top-of-atmosphere products. The corrections include orthorectification and spatial registration on a global reference system (combined UTM projection and WGS84 ellipsoid) with sub-pixel accuracy. Level 1C images are delivered in tiles of 100×100 km. A total of 11 tiles are required to cover the extent of Switzerland.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_4_VerkehrFlaecheLaenge
    Size: 586793568 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/b803de8f-9e8f-4e88-87fa-7a5630a7b636/download/labes_4_verkehrflaechelaenge.zip
    Description: Indicator 4 describes the length and area of roads and railroads for the year 2020, as well as the changes between different points in time. The calculation of length and area consumption is based on the Topographic Landscape Model TLM and TLM3D of the Federal Office of Topography. Before 2014, changes were recorded in a sampling procedure based on landscape elements and extrapolated to subspaces and the whole of Switzerland. Since 2015, however, it has been possible to use data directly for the whole of Switzerland.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_15_NaturuberlasseneFlache
    Size: 86402157 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/241e4703-b922-493d-92bb-dba59111c5f6/download/labes_15_naturuberlasseneflache.zip
    Description: Areas left to nature are areas in which natural processes can take place essentially undisturbed and direct human influences determine the (current) development only to a small extent. In such areas, the composition of animal and plant communities differs from that in the cultivated landscape. The areas left to nature in Switzerland can be divided into "wilderness areas" in the forest (forest wilderness), areas left to nature in the high mountains (alpine fallow) and areas along water bodies (floodplains). The areas may or may not be accessible. Of central importance is the intensity of human activities.

en:
Resource Title: README_LABES
    Size: 37075 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/57905ae4-1e6f-47e7-b2c9-bea903d73591/download/readme_labes2.pdf
    Description: This is the general readme for all LABES datasets.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_NEU_12_Landwirtschaftliche_Intensitaet
    Size: 3136976655 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/2a4fd5bc-9d68-4ba9-8386-2589ff7c280b/download/labes_neu_12_landwirtschaftliche_intensitaet.zip
    Description: This indicator shows the agricultural intensity in Switzerland using satellite data by calculating the NDVI values for each growing season and, in particular, observing the standard deviation of these values over the years. The remote sensing data used to calculate this indicator come from Sentinel-2 MSI and cover the whole of Switzerland. Sentinel-2 is a wide-area, high-resolution, multispectral imaging mission of ESA for monitoring vegetation, soil and water cover. Sentinel-2 Level-1C data were used, which are radiometrically and geometrically corrected top-of-atmosphere products. The corrections include orthorectification and spatial registration on a global reference system (combined UTM projection and WGS84 ellipsoid) with sub-pixel accuracy. Level 1C images are delivered in tiles of 100×100 km. A total of 11 tiles are needed to cover the extent of Switzerland.

en:
Resource Title: LABES_NEU_7_Leitungen
    Size: 13553015 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/9abf7e9d-3a4c-4fb1-89e9-9b46f886555e/download/labes_neu_7_leitungen.zip
    Description: This indicator shows the status of transmission lines in Switzerland and analyses the land cover on which these infrastructures are built. Transmission lines are assessed on the basis of TLM data. An extract from TLM_VERSORGUNGSBAUTE (OBJEKTART: Hochspannungsleitungen) is used to calculate the length consumption. In addition, the area statistics layer (NOLC04) is used to differentiate land types into different categories. The total length of transmission lines in Switzerland, in the different biogeographical regions and in the different cantons is calculated by overlay operations for year 2015 and year 2020 (see appendices for further details).

en:
Resource Title: LABES_3_Flaechenverbrauch_siedlung
    Size: 289613 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/50af6ee4-e060-449a-928b-eaf7d56584d6/download/labes_3_flaechenverbrauch_siedlung.zip
    Description: This indicator quantitatively describes land consumption for settlement and the change in Switzerland's settlement area based on data from Switzerland's land use statistics (Swiss Federal Statistical Office FSO).

en:
Resource Title: LABES_35_ErschliessungFussWanderwege
    Size: 612264376 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/0b03f50f-90db-43ab-9efb-20ab17c7645a/download/labes_35_erschliessungfusswanderwege.zip
    Description: Indicator 35 describes the accessibility with footpaths and hiking trails less than 2m wide. The basis for this is the Topographic Landscape Model (TLM and TLM3D) of the Federal Office of Topography. The data are given in km/km2 and are broken down by land use. The land use categories settlement, forest and open land are extracted from the area statistics of the Federal Statistical Office. Contrary to the initial calculation in 2015, we have abandoned the official attribute "hiking trail", as it has been shown that official "hiking trails" are also routed over longer distances along major roads. The current definition has to do solely with the width of the path (max. width 2m) and not with the official designation. This is closer to the quality of a trail than the official designation "hiking trail".

en:
Resource Title: Labes_all_social_indicators_23_24_25_27_29_30_NEU16_NEU17_NEU18_NEU20_NEU22_NEU23
    Size: 7262265 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2b286615-22ad-432c-a63f-b917deac85b1/resource/63db81c2-01b8-4285-b602-5090673d9330/download/labes_all_social_indicators_23_24_25_27_29_30_neu16_neu17_neu18_neu20_neu22_neu23.zip
    Description: The social indicators for LABES were collected with a Swiss-wide representative survey. The first survey was conducted in 2011 (n = 2814 participants), the second in 2020 (n = 2090 participants). The “Auswertungsprotokolle” inform about the results of each indicator in 2020 and compared to the state of 2011.

Indicator list:

Indicator 23 Ortsbindung / place attachment

Indicator 24 Landschaftliche Schönheit / visual landscape quality or beauty

Indicator 25 Besonderheit (Eigenart und Vergangenheitsbezug)/ place identity

Indicator 27 Wahrgenommener Informationsgehalt der Landschaft: Komplexität, Entdeckungspotenzial, Kohärenz, Lesbarkeit / Kaplans’ preference matrix: complexity, mystery, coherence, legibility

Indicator 29 Faszination / soft fascination

Indicator 30 Authentizität /authenticity

Indicator Neu_16 Erholung und Landschaft (Erholungsindex, Zugang, Outdoorsport) / recreation and landscapes (recreationindex, access, outdoor sports)

Indicator Neu_17 Beobachtete Landschaftscharakterisierung / perceived landscape charachterization

Indicator Neu_18 Beobachtete Landschaftsveränderungen / perceived landscape changes

Indicator Neu_20 Wahrgenommene Landschaftsqualität in den Grundnutzungen oder Texturen (Wald, Landwirtschaft, Siedlungsflächen, Gewässer)/ Perceived landscape quality in the different land use areas (forest, agriculture, settlement areas, water bodies)

Indicator Neu_22 Gesamturteil zur wahrgenommenen Landschaftsqualität / overall satisfaction

Indicator Neu_23 Kulturelle Landschafswerte / cultural values and services of the landscape

ecosystem-services

display_name: ecosystem-services

european-landscape-convention

display_name: european-landscape-convention

landscape

display_name: landscape


en:
This dataset contains all data, on which the following publication below is based.
**Paper Citation**:
Neff, F., Resch, M. C., Marty, A., Rolley, J. D., Schütz, M., Risch, A. C, Gossner, M. M. 2020. Long-term restoration success of insect herbivore communities in semi-natural grasslands: a functional approach. Ecological Applications, 30, e02133. [10.1002/eap.2133](https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2133)
Please cite this paper together with the citation for the datafile.
 Methods
 Study site
The study area is situated within and nearby to Eigental nature reserve (47°27’36” to 47°29’06” N, 8°37’12” to 8°37’44” E, 461 to 507 m a.s.l.) in the vicinity of Zurich airport (Canton Zurich, Switzerland). Mean annual precipitation and temperature is 903 ± 136 mm and 9.14°C ± 0.50°C (mean ± SD for 2007-2017 (*MeteoSchweiz 2018*)). In 1967, the Eigental nature reserve was established to protect small and isolated remnants of species-rich, semi-natural grasslands (roughly 12 ha), which were embedded in an otherwise intensively managed landscape. It is characterized by oligo- to mesotrophic Molinion (semi-wet, matrix species *Molinia caerulea*) and Mesobromion (semi-dry, matrix species *Bromus erectus*) meadows (*Delarze et al. 2015*), reflecting small-scale habitat heterogeneity, mainly due to site-specific groundwater levels and slope inclination. As in most Central European grasslands, management is necessary to prevent shrub and tree invasions as well as to secure low levels of available soil nutrients and thus to maintain these species-rich habitats ([*Poschlod and WallisDeVries 2002*](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00201-4)).
In 1990, the government of the Canton Zurich decided to enlarge the Eigental nature reserve as a counter measure against degradation and biodiversity loss in semi-natural grasslands due to overutilization and the excessive input of nutrients (mostly nitrogen). Eleven patches of adjacent intensively managed grassland (in total roughly 20 ha) were targeted to be transformed into semi-natural grasslands. As a first restoration measure, fertilization was ceased, and biomass harvested three times to remove excessive soil nutrients from the original system and thus benefit plant species with low competitive ability on the long run. In 1995, the restoration efforts were increased and a large-scale experiment comprising three restoration measures with increasing intervention intensities was implemented:
- **Harvest only**: Initial restoration measures were continued with mowing and removing of the aboveground biomass two times a year (early summer and autumn).
- **Topsoil**: Removal of topsoil, depending on the thickness of the A horizon the upper 10 to 20 cm, in four randomly selected areas within the eleven patches in late autumn 1995. The size of the restoration area depended on individual patch size (2700 to 7000 m2).
- **Topsoil + Propagules**: Plant propagules were added on half of the area where topsoil was removed via application of fresh, seed-containing hay and hand-collected propagules of target species originating from semi-dry and semi-wet species-rich grasslands with local and regional provenance (within radius of 7 to 30 km) (1995, 1996, 1997).
Management of *Topsoil* and *Topsoil + Propagules* started five years after treatment implementation and included yearly mowing and removing of aboveground biomass (late summer or early autumn). The experiment was complemented with intensively managed grassland sites that share the same agricultural history as the restored sites (**Initial**; swards dominated by *Lolium perenne*, *L. multiflorum* and *Trifolium repens*): mowing and subsequent fertilizing (manure) up to five times a year, as well as different tillage regimes. Finally, sites were selected in target semi-dry and semi-wet grasslands (**Target**) located within the Eigental nature reserve and another nature reserve nearby (Altläufe der Glatt; 47°28’29” to 47°27’41” N, 8°31’56” to 8°32’26” E, 418 to 420 m a.s.l.). The selected target sites are mown and aboveground biomass removed once a year in late summer or early autumn. For each of the five treatments, we selected eleven plots (5 m × 5 m) spread across the sites. Altogether, the experiment included 55 plots.
 Arthropod sampling
Aboveground arthropods were sampled using suction sampling on four consecutive days in early July 2017 before the grasslands were mown. Arthropods were sampled in two locations on each 5 m × 5 m plot, once in the south-western and once in the north-eastern corner to account for possible spatial heterogeneity within the plots. Arthropods were sorted to order or lower taxonomic levels and individuals were identified to species level. We focused on three groups (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Orthoptera),
 Functional traits
We used two sets of functional traits in this study.
**Morphometric traits**:
Body volume, body shape, hind femur shape, hind/front leg ratio, wing length, leg length, antenna length and eye width. We used trait measurements from [*Simons et al. (2016)*](http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/15-0616.1) and [*Neff et al. (2019)*](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00872-1) and complemented them with measurements on study specimens. These measurements were conducted using a high-resolution measuring stereo microscope (Leica DVM6, Leica Microsystems) including automated high-resolution photo stacking with the software Leica Application Suite X (LAS X, © 2018 Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH) and Leica Map Premium (Leica Microsystems, © 1996-2017 Digital Surf) at WSL Birmensdorf. The eight morphometric traits were calculated from direct measurements of body parts on specimens of all sampled species. From each species, we measured at least one female and one male specimen. Additionally, for species that show wing dimorphism, we included the different wing morphs and weighted them by their prevalence reported in literature. For few species, of which not all wing morphs were available for measurements (10 cases), we estimated relative wing length from congeneric species or from the literature.
**Life-history traits**
Based on an existing data set collected by [*Gossner et al. (2015)*](http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-2159.1). We included traits describing different life-history characteristics of herbivore insect species, namely: feeding specialization, feeding tissue, hibernation stage and number of generations per year, which are related to insect species’ vulnerability to changes in plant community composition, microhabitat use and disturbance tolerance. To represent potential changes in habitat moisture with abandonment of intensive land use (e.g., change in ground-water level), we also included two traits related to preferred habitat moisture of the study species: moisture preference, describing species’ optimum habitat moisture, and moisture range, which describes the species’ range of preferable moisture conditions.
 References
Delarze, R., Y. Gonseth, S. Eggenberg, and M. Vust. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Ökologie - Gefährdung - Kennarten. 3rd ed. Ott, Bern.
Gossner, M. M., N. K. Simons, R. Achtziger, T. Blick, W. H. O. Dorow, F. Dziock, F. Köhler, W. Rabitsch, and W. W. Weisser. 2015. A summary of eight traits of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera and Araneae, occurring in grasslands in Germany. Scientific Data 2:150013.
MeteoSchweiz. 2018. Klimabulletin Jahr 2017. MeteoSchweiz, Zürich.
Neff, F., N. Blüthgen, M. N. Chisté, N. K. Simons, J. Steckel, W. W. Weisser, C. Westphal, L. Pellissier, and M. M. Gossner. 2019. Cross-scale effects of land use on the functional composition of herbivorous insect communities. Landscape Ecology 34:2001–2015.
Poschlod, P., and M. F. WallisDeVries. 2002. The historical and socioeconomic perspective of calcareous grasslands—lessons from the distant and recent past. Biological Conservation 104:361–376.
Simons, N. K., W. W. Weisser, and M. M. Gossner. 2016. Multi-taxa approach shows consistent shifts in arthropod functional traits along grassland land-use intensity gradient. Ecology 97:754–764.

en: grassland restoration diversity topsoil-removal functional-traits insects functional-diversity long-term-experiment

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Grassland restoration: insects and insect traits

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: Plot information
    Size: 4938 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e4752eb3-24f1-48b5-a6c4-e0a4134af08d/resource/04c37490-b0c2-4681-aded-068fa4ee8290/download/plot_info.csv
    Description: Information on the experimental plots.

- **Plot**: ID of Plot
- **Treatment**: Experimental treatment
- **Landuse_history**: recent agricultural use for Initial; agricultural use before restoration for all restored sites
- **Last_tilled**: Last time the site was tilled
- **Intensity**: Frequency and intensity of mowing and manuring (*intensity1*: mowing once and no manure, i*ntensity2*: 2-3 times mowing and no manure, *intensity3*: 2-3 times mowing and manuring, *intensity4*: 4-5 times mowing and manuring)
- **Slope**: slope gradient according to classes defined by FAO (1990)
- **X**: X coordinate of the plot (CH1903)
- **Y**: Y coordinate of the plot (CH1903)
- **Cluster**: Spatial cluster of the plot

en:
Resource Title: Insect abundance
    Size: 33818 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e4752eb3-24f1-48b5-a6c4-e0a4134af08d/resource/2d60fcd6-a2f1-45fd-a450-3d560eb43822/download/insect_abundance.csv
    Description: Abundance of adult insects recorded in the samplings on all experimental sites

- **Plot**: ID of Plot
- **Treatment**: Experimental treatment
- **Species**:  Insect species name (following [Fauna Europaea](https://fauna-eu.org))
- **Author**: Author and year of species' description (following [Fauna Europaea](https://fauna-eu.org))
- **Group**: Insect group as used in the analyses
- **Number_Adults**: Number of adult individuals recorded
- **Herbivore**: Logical indicating whether the species is feeding as a herbivore (*TRUE*) or not (*FALSE*)

en:
Resource Title: Insect traits
    Size: 11167 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e4752eb3-24f1-48b5-a6c4-e0a4134af08d/resource/bddffb02-61f5-44b1-b96a-92bb043415b4/download/insect_traits.csv
    Description: Functional traits of all herbivorous insect species sampled in the study.

- **Species**: Insect species name (following [Fauna Europaea](https://fauna-eu.org))
- **Author**: Author and year of species' description (following [Fauna Europaea](https://fauna-eu.org))
- **Group**: Insect group as used in the analyses
- **Body volume**: Body volume determined by body length, body width and body height (in mm$^3$)
- **Body_shape**: Ratio of body length to body width
- **Hind_femur_shape**: Ratio of hind-femur length to hind-femur width
- **Hind_front_leg_ratio**: Ratio of front-leg length to hind-leg length (leg length = femur length + tibia length)
- **Wing_length_rel**: Ratio of wing length to body length
- **Leg_length_rel**: Ratio of front-leg length to body length (leg length = femur length + tibia length)
- **Antenna_length_rel**: Ratio antenna length to body length
- **Eye_width_rel**: Ratio of eye width to head width (Auchenorrhyncha, Heteroptera) / to head height (Orthoptera)
- **Feeding_specialization**: Insect specialization on food source (*m*: monophagous, *o*: oligophagous, *p*: polyphagous)
- **Feeding_tissue**: Feeding tissue used for feeding (*c*: chewers, *x*: xylem, *p*: phloem, *m*: mesophyll, *m-p/r*: mesophyll as well as phloem and/or reproductive organs, *r*: reproductive organs, *se*: ripe seeds)
- **Hibernation**: Hibernation stage (*e*: egg, *e/n*: egg and nymph, *n*: nymph, *a*: adult)
- **Generations**: Number of generations per year (*1.5* stands for *1-2* generations per year)
- **Moisture_pref_mean**: mean of preferred habitat moistures (*1*: xerophilous, *2*: moderately xerophilous, *3*: moderately mesohygrophilous, *4*: mesohygrophilous, *5*: moderately hygrophilous, *6*: hygrophilous, *7*: moderately hydrophilous, *8*: hydrophilous)
- **Moisture_pref_range**: range of preferred habitat moistures (indicating degree of specialization)

diversity

display_name: diversity

functional-diversity

display_name: functional-diversity

functional-traits

display_name: functional-traits

grassland

display_name: grassland

long-term-experiment

display_name: long-term-experiment

restoration

display_name: restoration

topsoil-removal

display_name: topsoil-removal


en:
Hydrometerological and ecohydrological time series from Sagehen Creek and Independence Creek, Sierra Nevada, USA, illustrating hydrological responses to daily cycles in snowmelt and evapotranspiration forcing.
Data include 30-minute time series of
- weather variables,
- sap flow fluxes,
- groundwater levels (in two riparian transects of shallow groundwater wells),
- and stream stages (at 12 sites spanning a 500-meter elevation gradient),
and daily time series of
- temperature, precipitation, and snow water equivalent at three nearby snow telemetry stations
- diel cycle index values for groundwater levels and stream stages,
- and MODIS normalized difference snow index (NDSI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI2) values averaged over selected subcatchments.
Google Earth Engine scripts for extracting the MODIS data are also provided.

en: diurnal-cycle streamflow evapotranspiration groundwater snowmelt diel-cycle ecohydrology sap-flow

en: Daily cycles in solar flux, snowmelt, transpiration, groundwater, and streamflow at Sagehen and Independence Creeks, Sierra Nevada, USA

en:
Resource Title: Metadata
    Size: 150575 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e9a393f6-f3fe-4917-b533-249eeefbde5b/resource/2376965d-33fc-4c95-842c-c788d5d22830/download/sagehen-and-independence-data-archive-metadata.pdf
    Description: Column descriptions for both data files, and map coordinates for all measurement locations.

en:
Resource Title: Subcatchment polygons
    Size: 24333 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e9a393f6-f3fe-4917-b533-249eeefbde5b/resource/5b6edcd5-514b-4928-bf8c-5d1b475b59e9/download/google-earth-engine-subcatchment-polygons.txt
    Description: Subcatchment polygons for use in the Google Earth Engine scripts.

en:
Resource Title: MODIS EVI2 script
    Size: 5924 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e9a393f6-f3fe-4917-b533-249eeefbde5b/resource/03332157-eed1-47a2-8eb9-15c4963f66cc/download/google-earth-engine-script-modis-evi2-averages.txt
    Description: Google Earth Engine script for computing MODIS two-band enhanced vegetation index (EVI2) values and averaging them over subcatchments.

en:
Resource Title: 30-minute time series
    Size: 20691717 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e9a393f6-f3fe-4917-b533-249eeefbde5b/resource/839acf4c-db88-4743-9de4-13859430facf/download/sagehen-and-independence-30min-data-for-archive.txt
    Description: 30-minute hydrometeorological and ecohydrological time series.

en:
Resource Title: Daily time series
    Size: 758116 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e9a393f6-f3fe-4917-b533-249eeefbde5b/resource/1273e282-0cf2-4ac1-8676-187bb027ccbe/download/sagehen-and-independence-daily-data-for-archive.txt
    Description: Daily hydrometeorological and ecohydrological time series

en:
Resource Title: MODIS NDSI script
    Size: 5976 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/e9a393f6-f3fe-4917-b533-249eeefbde5b/resource/88a7c3f1-0623-435d-9e93-f9a463b0211d/download/google-earth-engine-script-modis-ndsi-averages-excluding-cloudy-pixels.txt
    Description: Google Earth Engine script for computing MODIS normalized difference snow index (NDSI) values and averaging them over subcatchment areas.

diel-cycle

display_name: diel-cycle

diurnal-cycle

display_name: diurnal-cycle

ecohydrology

display_name: ecohydrology

evapotranspiration

display_name: evapotranspiration

groundwater

display_name: groundwater

sap-flow

display_name: sap-flow

snowmelt

display_name: snowmelt

streamflow

display_name: streamflow


en:
Important note: From 2025 the NEAD format is being transformed into the interoperable CSV (iCSV) format, a formalized and standardized evolution of the NEAD format. Furthermore, iCSV should be backwards compatible with NEAD. More information on the new iCSV format will be linked here in due time.
Acknowledgement: The NEAD format includes NetCDF metadata and is proudly inspired by both SMET and NetCDF formats. NEAD is designed as a long-term data preservation and exchange format.
The NEAD specifications were presented at the "WMO Data Conference 2020 - Earth System Data Exchange in the 21st Century" (Virtual Conference).
-----------------------
Summary:
The Non-Binary Environmental Data Archive (NEAD) format is being developed as a generic and intuitive format that combines the self-documenting features of NetCDF with human readable and writeable features of CSV. It is designed for exchange and preservation of time series data in environmental data repositories.
License: The NEAD specifications are released to the public domain under a Creative Commons CC0 "No Rights Reserved" international license. You can reuse the information contained herein in any way you want, for any purposes and without restrictions.

en: meteorological-data-format csv metadata-convention research-data-management nead

en: Non-Binary Environmental Archive Data (NEAD) format

en:
Resource Title: NEAD syntax v0.1 (EBNF)
    Size: 3383 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/d51285c9-953d-42e5-a925-20209cde10e5/resource/bf21243d-cdb9-47a8-a15b-d42efaef5d82/download/ebnf.txt
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: MeteoIO (future reference implementation)
    Size: 1024 bytes
    Format: text/html
    URL: https://www.slf.ch/en/services-and-products/meteoio.html
    Description:

format: HTML

media_type: text/html

en:
Resource Title: PyNEAD (future reference implementation)
    Size: 1024 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://github.com/GEUS-PROMICE/pyNEAD
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: NEAD on GitHub
    Size: 1024 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://github.com/GEUS-PROMICE/NEAD
    Description:

csv

display_name: csv

metadata-convention

display_name: metadata-convention

meteorological-data-format

display_name: meteorological-data-format

nead

display_name: nead

research-data-management

display_name: research-data-management


en: Raw data on plant morphological traits, phytochemistry and herbivory that were analyzed in the study entitled: Artificial night light intensity modulates herbivory and phytochemistry in European beech

en: light-pollution phytochemistry insect-herbivores alan european-beech

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Raw data - Artificial night light intensity modulates herbivory and phytochemistry in European beech

envi

en: Environment

alan

display_name: alan

european-beech

display_name: european-beech

insect-herbivores

display_name: insect-herbivores

light-pollution

display_name: light-pollution

phytochemistry

display_name: phytochemistry


en: Static input data (topography, landuse and soiltype) for the WRF preprocessing system WPS is provided for Switzerland and its neighboring countries between 45-49 N and 4-12 E. The data is provided at a resolution of 1 s. Topography is based on the Aster dataset, while landuse is extracted from the Corine landuse dataset. Soil type is set to silty clay loam for the entire domain. This static input data is valid for WRF and CRYOWRF.

en: cryowrf cosmo-wrf topography static-data wrf landuse

en: High resolution static data for WRF over Switzerland

en:
Resource Title: soiltype_top_1s
    Size: 403644 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/33bc67ca-6ee6-440e-985b-46ce84e724b0/download/soiltype_top_1s.zip
    Description: Static data for WRF - Soiltype top

en:
Resource Title: landuse_1s
    Size: 21215915 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/e3ef8012-d73d-4ad4-b51e-b327f5a6bcf9/download/landuse_1s.zip
    Description: Static data for WRF - Landuse

en:
Resource Title: topo_1s
    Size: 458474836 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/ab9f6e89-9101-4250-bb4c-b8e5e8e2363f/download/topo_1s.zip
    Description: Static data for WRF - Topography

en:
Resource Title: soiltype_bot_1s
    Size: 403644 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/c63e5b14-d5b7-45f5-ba0d-57bc72394e0e/download/soiltype_bot_1s.zip
    Description: Static data for WRF - Soiltype bottom

en:
Resource Title: GEOGRID.TBL-aster-121-1
    Size: 15835 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/246daa44-7f9a-4666-9aba-e8dbc244c148/download/geogrid.tbl-aster-121_1
    Description: Example GEOGRID.TBL to use with the 1s static data;
Note about naming:
* 121 -> 1-2-1 topography smoothing applied to dataset
* 1 -> one smoothing cycle applied to the data (needs to be changed depending on the chosen resolution to avoid too steep slope angles)

en:
Resource Title: namelist.wps
    Size: 1411 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.ms-works
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/2b73cbec-bfba-4788-bfd8-5cf6dae371dd/download/namelist.wps
    Description: Example namelist.wps to use with the 1s static data

en:
Resource Title: Documentation
    Size: 166718 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/9d3db35e-eb6b-4e7f-a88e-733c363133c9/resource/793e2a23-a8a5-4bbc-8497-d00eb2b9f28a/download/documentation-wrf_static_data_for_alps.pdf
    Description: Documentation of the dataset

cosmo-wrf

display_name: cosmo-wrf

cryowrf

display_name: cryowrf

landuse

display_name: landuse

static-data

display_name: static-data

topography

display_name: topography

wrf

display_name: wrf


en: Im Rahmen des Bryolich-Projekts “Moose und Flechten in Gärten” wurden möglichst vollständige Artenlisten von Moosen und Flechten in 26 bzw. 7 Gärten um Wohnhäuser erstellt. In 5 dieser Gärten wurden beide Artengruppen erfasst. Zusätzlich wurden Informationen über unterschiedliche Lebensräume innerhalb der Gärten (z.B. Fläche mit Gehölzen, Fläche von Blumenbeeten) und weitere Garten-Charakteristika (z.B. Fläche des Gartens, Alter des Gartens, Einsatz von Dünger) erfasst. Details zum Projekt und den erfassten Daten können im zugehörigen Artikel (Bergamini et al. 2024) und auf der Webseite von Bryolich gefunden werden (https://www.bryolich.ch/mfig/mfig_de.html).

en: flechten bryophytes moose bryolich diversitat garten lichens

en: Daten Bryolich-Projekt Moose und Flechten in Gärten

bryolich

display_name: bryolich

bryophytes

display_name: bryophytes

diversitat

display_name: diversitat

flechten

display_name: flechten

garten

display_name: garten

lichens

display_name: lichens

moose

display_name: moose