meteorological-measurements-lwf

en:
Continuous measurement of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, global radiation, photosynthetic active radiation, UVB radiation, and precipation in an open field very close to the LWF plot as well as air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, photosynthetic active radiation, and precipitation in the forest below the canopy.
 Purpose:
Recording meteorological conditions
 Manual Citation:
 * Martine Rebetez, Gustav Schneiter, 1997: Meteorologie. In: Brang P. (ed.) Aufnahmeanleitung LWF. Langfristige Waldökosystem-Forschung LWF, 4 S.
 *  Raspe  S,  Beuker  E,  Preuhsler  T,  Bastrup-Birk  A,  2016:  Part  IX:  Meteorological  Measurements.  In:  UNECE  ICP  Forests  Programme  Co-ordinating  Centre  (ed.):  Manual  on  methods  and  criteria  for  harmonized sampling, assessment, monitoring and analysis of the effects of air pollution on forests. Thünen  Institute  of  Forest  Ecosystems,  Eberswalde,  Germany,  14  p.  +  Annex  [http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual](http://icp-forests.net/page/icp-forests-manual)
 Paper Citation:
 * Martine Rebetez,  Georg von Arx, Arthur Gessler, Elisabeth Graf Pannatier, John L. Innes, Peter Jakob, Markéta Jetel, Marlen Kube, Magdalena Nötzli, Marcus Schaub, Maria Schmitt, Flurin Sutter, Anne Thimonier, Peter Waldner, Matthias Haeni, 2018: Meteorological data series from Swiss long-term forest ecosystem research plots since 1997. Annals of Forests Science 75: 41: 1-7. [doi: 10.1007/s13595-018-0709-7](https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0709-7)
 *  Haeni, Matthias; von Arx, Georg; Gessler, Arthur; Graf Pannatier, Elisabeth; Innes, John L; Jakob, Peter; Jetel, Markéta; Kube, Marlen; Nötzli, Magdalena; Schaub, Marcus; Schmitt, Maria; Sutter, Flurin; Thimonier, Anne; Waldner, Peter; Rebetez, Martine (2016): Long-term forest meteorological data from the Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research Programme (LWF) in Switzerland, from 1996-2016. PANGAEA, [doi: 10.1594/PANGAEA.868390](https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.868390)
 *  Gustav Schneiter, Peter Jakob, Martine Rebetez, 2004: Sieben Jahre meteorologische Datenerfassung im Schweizer Wald. Infoblatt Forschungsbereich Wald, Vol 17: 4-6 [---](https://www.parcs.ch/snp/pdf_public/2011_schneiteretal_datenerf_wald_wsl_2004.pdf)
 *  Jakob P, Sutter F, Waldner P, Schneiter G (2007) Processing remote gauging-data. In: Gomez J. M., Sonnenschein M., Müller M., Welsch H., Rautenstrauch C. (ed.) Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering ITEE 2007, Third International ICSC Symposium, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 211-220.

en: long-term-forest-ecosystem-research swiss-forest-lab icp-forests meteorological-measurements lwf

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Meteorological measurements LWF

title_for_slug: meteorological-measurements-lwf

icp-forests

display_name: icp-forests

lwf

display_name: lwf

meteorological-measurements

display_name: meteorological-measurements


$oid: OBSOLETE

en:
NH&8323; concentrations were measured at 11 LWF plots (1999/2000) with Zürcher passive samplers (Palmes-type diffusion tubes with an acidic solution as absorbent) during one year. Three samplers per site and period (usually 14 days) were installed in the open area of the LWF plots and, at Beatenberg, Novaggio and Vordemwald, under the forest as well (weather station). In 2014, NH&8323; concentrations were measured again at 14 plots, using two Radiello samplers per site and period (usually 28 days). At Lausanne and Vordemwald, concentrations were also measured below the canopy.
 Purpose:
To assess air concentrations of ammonia (NH&8323;) and, using deposition velocities available from the literature, to quantify the dry deposition of NH&8323; (alternative method to the throughfall method). The LWF plots were part of a larger network covering the main regions of Switzerland. One objective of this larger network was to compare measured and modelled concentrations.

en: nitrogen passive-sampling ammonia long-term-forest-ecosystem-research icp-forests ambient-air-quality swiss-forest-lab

envidat

approval_status: approved

fr: EnviDat est le portail de données du WSL; il offre un accès uniformisé et réglementé aux données de surveillance et de recherche en matière d’environnement. Ce portail est capable d’héberger et de publier des ensembles de données précieuses et uniques, qui sont partagées aux quatre coins de la planète. Ce faisant, EnviDat favorise la recherche et contribue à l’avancement des sciences environnementales.

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

it: EnviDat è il portale dati del WSL che fornisce un accesso unificato e gestito ai dati di monitoraggio ambientale e di ricerca. Il portale ha la capacità di ospitare e pubblicare serie di dati preziosi e unici che vengono condivisi in tutto il mondo. Così facendo, EnviDat promuove la ricerca e contribuisce al progresso della scienza ambientale.

de: EnviDat: das Umwelt-Datenportal

fr: EnviDat: le portail de données environnementales

it: EnviDat: il portale dei dati ambientali

political_level: other

state: active

type: organization

wsl

capacity: public

de: EnviDat

en: Passive sampling of NH3 LWF

type: dataset

key: guid

key: uri

value: Envidat Harvester

envi

de: Umwelt

en: Environment

fr: Environnement

it: Ambiente

format: HTML

ambient-air-quality

display_name: ambient-air-quality

ammonia

display_name: ammonia

long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

display_name: long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

nitrogen

display_name: nitrogen

passive-sampling

display_name: passive-sampling

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab


en:
Assessment of coarse woody debris on LWF plots using the line intersect method (repetition of the 1995 survey)
 Purpose:
Assessing the amount of coarse woody debris
 Manual Citation:
 * Matthias Dobbertin, Nathalie Bretz Guby, 1997: Totholz. In: Peter Brang (ed.) LWF Aufnahmeanleitung. Langfristige Waldökosystem-Forschung LWF, Eidg. Forschungsanstalt WSL, Birmensdorf, 5 S.

en: coarse-woody-debris long-term-forest-ecosystem-research swiss-forest-lab icp-forests deadwood

en: Deadwood survey LWF 2013 - line intersect

coarse-woody-debris

display_name: coarse-woody-debris

deadwood

display_name: deadwood


en:
Assessment of coarse woody debris on Sanasilva plots (16x16 km grid) using the full count methods on subplots applying BioSoil protocoll
 Purpose:
Assessing the amount of coarse woody debris
 Manual Citation:
 * A. Bastrup-Birk, P. Nevile, G. Chirici, T. Houston, 2006: The BioSoil ForestBiodiversity Field Manual Version 1.0/1.1/1.1A for the Field Assessment 2006-07. Working Group on ForestBiodiversity, Forest Focus Demonstration Project BioSoil 2004-2005, 47 S.

en: coarse-woody-debris swiss-forest-lab long-term-forest-ecosystem-research icp-forests deadwood

en: Deadwood survey Sanasilva 2013


en:
Assessment of coarse woody debris on LWF plots using the line intersect method and full count methods on subplots (repetition of the 2005 survey)
 Purpose:
Assessing the amount of coarse woody debris
 Manual Citation:
 * ForestBiota, 2005. Stand structure assessment including deadwood. EU/ICP Forests Biodiversity Test-Phase (ForestBIOTA). [---](http://www.forestbiota.org)

en: deadwood coarse-woody-debris long-term-forest-ecosystem-research swiss-forest-lab icp-forests

en: Deadwood survey LWF 2013 - subplot


en:
NO&8322; concentrations were measured at 11 LWF plots (1999/2000) with passive samplers (Palmes-type diffusion tubes) during one year. Three samplers per site and period (usually 14 days) were installed in the open area of the LWF plots and, at Beatenberg, Novaggio and Vordemwald, under the forest as well (weather station). In 2014, NO2 concentrations were measured again at 14 plots, using two samplers per site and period (usually 28 days). At Lausanne and Vordemwald, concentrations were also measured below the canopy.
 Purpose:
To assess air concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and, using deposition velocities available from the literature, to quantify the dry deposition of NO2 (alternative method to the throughfall method).

en: swiss-forest-lab long-term-forest-ecosystem-research icp-forests ambient-air-quality nitrogen-dioxide

en: Passive sampling of NO2 LWF

nitrogen-dioxide

display_name: nitrogen-dioxide


scolytidae

en:
Scolytidae data from all historic up to the recent projects (29.10.2019) of WSL, collected with various methods in forests of different types.
Data are provided on request to contact person against bilateral agreement.

en: forest biodiversity coleoptera bark-beetles saproxylic-insects dead-wood

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Scolytidae

title_for_slug: scolytidae

format: TXT

bark-beetles

display_name: bark-beetles

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

coleoptera

display_name: coleoptera

dead-wood

display_name: dead-wood

forest

display_name: forest

saproxylic-insects

display_name: saproxylic-insects


en: The following two tables contain information about the data sources of the values reported in Table 1 and 2 in the paper “Plant and root-zone water isotopes are difficult to measure, explain, and predict: some practical recommendations for determining plant water sources” published in the journal 'Methods in Ecology and Evolution'.

en: uncertainties root-zone endmember-mixing-models plant-water-uptake stable-water-isotopes ecohydrology review

en: Data set of: Plant and root-zone water isotopes are difficult to measure, explain, and predict: some practical recommendations for determining plant water sources

envi

en: Environment

format: PDF

ecohydrology

display_name: ecohydrology

endmember-mixing-models

display_name: endmember-mixing-models

plant-water-uptake

display_name: plant-water-uptake

review

display_name: review

root-zone

display_name: root-zone

stable-water-isotopes

display_name: stable-water-isotopes

uncertainties

display_name: uncertainties


en:
This dataset includes species lists of bryophytes and macrolichens (presence/absence) sampled on the forest floor and on trees in disturbed and undisturbed plots along elevation gradients in the laurel forests of Madeira island. It also contains species specific information (bryophytes: red list status, endemic status, taxonomic group, life strategy; macrolichens: photobiont type, growth form) as well as plot information (Plot_ID, sampling date, coordinates, elevation a.s.l. (m), disturbance type, sampled host tree species).
The dataset was used for the paper
Boch S, Martins A, Ruas S, Fontinha S, Carvalho P, Reis F, Bergamini A, Sim-Sim M (2019) Bryophyte and macrolichen diversity show contrasting elevation relationships and are negatively affected by disturbances in laurel forests of Madeira island. Journal of Vegetation Science 30: 1122–1133.
The excel file contains 5 sheets:
1) Plot information
2) Bryophyte data with species specific information, separated per substrate
3) Macrolichen data with species specific information, separated per substrate
4) Bryophyte data with species specific information (plot level data). Species lists of the two substrates were merged; if one substrate in a plot hosted a species identified only to genus level (genus spec.) but the second investigated substrate hosted an identified species of the same genus, we removed the genus spec. entry in the particular plot. The species list of sheet 2 and 4 might therefore differ slightly.
5) Macrolichen data with species specific information (plot level data). Species lists of the two substrates were merged; if one substrate in a plot hosted a species identified only to genus level (genus spec.) but the second investigated substrate hosted an identified species of the same genus, we removed the genus spec. entry in the particular plot. The species list of sheet 3 and 5 might therefore differ slightly.

en: liverwort functional-taxonomic-groups lichen-growthform biodiversity endemic bryophyte-life-strategy functional-taxonomic-group photobiont lichen lichen-growth-form climate-change-impact endemic-species disturbance climate-change bryophyte madeira-island elevational-gradient moss

en: MadCrypto – Bryophyte and macrolichen diversity in laurel forests of Madeira

format: XLS

bryophyte

display_name: bryophyte

bryophyte-life-strategy

display_name: bryophyte-life-strategy

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

climate-change-impact

display_name: climate-change-impact

disturbance

display_name: disturbance

elevational-gradient

display_name: elevational-gradient

endemic

display_name: endemic

endemic-species

display_name: endemic-species

functional-taxonomic-group

display_name: functional-taxonomic-group

functional-taxonomic-groups

display_name: functional-taxonomic-groups

lichen

display_name: lichen

lichen-growth-form

display_name: lichen-growth-form

lichen-growthform

display_name: lichen-growthform

liverwort

display_name: liverwort

madeira-island

display_name: madeira-island

moss

display_name: moss

photobiont

display_name: photobiont


en:
Since 1997 soil solution samplers are installed in certain plots of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program *[Intercantonal Forest Observation Program](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/interkantonale-walddauerbeobachtung-wdb)*. There solution is analysed monthly at the moment (2023) in 46 Swiss forest sites. The sites cover a uniquely broad range of Swiss forest soils, with gradients in elevation (290-1870 m), precipitation (915-2211 mm), base saturation averaged over the top 40 cm (6-100%) and total N deposition (10-81 kg ha&8315;&185;a&8315;&185;).
For each site and soil depth, eight soil solution samplers (ceramic suction cup) are installed in the topsoil and five in the subsoil. Actual depths varied according to soil condition but a frequent sampling design is 20, 50 and 80 cm. Following the monthly sampling of the soil solution, the samples from the same location and from the same depth are pooled. Monthly data about following chemical soil solution indicators are measured:
 * pH and conductivity
 * Anions: Cl&8315;, NO&8323;&8315;, SO&8322;&8315;
 * Kations: Ca&178;&8314;, Mg&178;&8314;, K&8314;, Na&8314;, Mn&178;&8314;, NH4&8314;, Altot, Alorg
 * DOC
More information about the analytical methods and results can be found in *[Braun & Tresch (2020)](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227530)*.
The long-term measurements of the soil solution provide the basis for revealing changes in forest soil quality. The chemical composition of the soil solution allows comparison and assessment of internationally agreed critical values and criteria on acid-base status (indicators: BC/Al ratio, pH value, N concentrations in the soil solution) as well as the leaching of N, Al and basic cations.

en: soil-solution-chemistry wdb long-term-monitoring long-term-forest-ecosystem-research swiss-forest-lab

en: Soil solution monitoring of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program

long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

display_name: long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

long-term-monitoring

display_name: long-term-monitoring

soil-solution-chemistry

display_name: soil-solution-chemistry

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab

wdb

display_name: wdb


en:
The IAP has been monitoring forest health since 1984 on behalf of cantonal forest and environmental offices and in collaboration with the Federal Office for the Environment. In the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program (WDB) project, the health, growth and nutrient supply of beech, spruce and oak in managed forest ecosystems are studied on about 190 forest plots. The plots cover the most important gradients of Swiss forests, such as different climatic conditions in precipitation, temperature, as well as differences in soil and in the input of air pollutants such as nitrogen and ozone. Currently (date 2020) 94 plots with 6268 beech trees, 75 plots with 4547 spruce trees, and 50 plots with 1858 oak trees are surveyed in the Intercantonal WDB. Annual investigations include crown condition and tree loss by mortality, uprooting and stem breakage. Every 4 year stem increment is measured on all 12’673 trees and 8 branches are harvested by helicopter very 4 years and subsequently examined for the following parameters:
- Nutrient analysis in foliage (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn)
- Leaf area and weight
- Shoot growth (retrospective for Norway spruce, beech and oak)
- Discoloration and parasite infestation
- Fructification of beech (retrospectively)

In addition, soil samples for analysing the chemistry of the solid phase are taken every 12 years. Also changes in the ground vegetation is assessed every 12 years. On a subset of the plots soil solution is sampled monthly *[(Soil solution monitoring of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program)](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/soil-solution-monitoring-of-the-intercantonal-forest-observation-program)*. In addition, soil water potential and soil moisture are measured in a subset of sites of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program *[(Soil moisture and soil water potential measurements of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program)](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/soil-water-measurements-wdb)*.
These data allow to gain a unique understanding of the main factors influencing the forest and the most important changes, which are very valuable especially in the context of climate change. The insights are of great importance for cantonal and regional forest planning as well as for national and international determinations of critical loads and limits (e.g. CLempN, UNECE CLRTAP).

en: Intercantonal Forest Observation Program – Interkantonale Walddauerbeobachtung (WDB)

iap

display_name: iap

long-term-data-sets

display_name: long-term-data-sets


en: In order to quantify effects of ozone on Swiss forest ozone flux calculations are needed. Currently 5 stations are operated to measure the ozone load on forests. These data form the basis for ozone flux calculations. The ozone flux calculation is carried out with the DO3SE model (Büker et al. 2012). This can then be used for epidemiological evaluations for the Swiss forest (Thomas et al. 2005, Braun et al. 2014, Braun et al. 2017, Braun et al. 2020, Braun et al. 2021, Braun et al. 2022).

en: wdb long-term-forest-ecosystem-research swiss-forest-lab ozone long-term-monitoring

en: Ozone measurement and analysis in the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program

ozone

display_name: ozone


en:
Since 2001 soil water content and soil water potential are measured in 40 plots of the *[Intercantonal Forest Observation Program](https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/interkantonale-walddauerbeobachtung-wdb)*. Soil water content and soil water potential is measured in hourly resolution in 3 depths according to the soil horizons.
The following parameters about soil water balance are measured:
 * Volumetric soil water content (SMT-100, Truebner)
 * Soil water potential (TEROS21, METER)
More information about the analytical methods and results can be found in *[Braun et al. (2021)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5724756)*.

en: long-term-monitoring long-term-forest-ecosystem-research soil-water-potential wdb swiss-forest-lab soil-moisture-water-content

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Soil moisture and soil water potential measurements of the Intercantonal Forest Observation Program

soil-moisture-water-content

display_name: soil-moisture-water-content

soil-water-potential

display_name: soil-water-potential


en:
Raw data supporting the paper "Countrywide wild bee taxonomic and functional diversity reveal a spatial mismatch between alpha and beta-diversity facets across multiple ecological gradients". It contains taxonomic and functional metrics in 3343 community-plots distributed across Switzerland. The calculated metrics are:
- Alpha taxonomic community metrics: species richness and Shannon diversity
- Alpha functional community metrics: Functional richness (using the Trait Onion Peeling index, TOP), functional eveness (using the Trait Even Distribution index, TED) and the functional dispersion.
- Community weighted means of 8 functional traits
- The local community contributions on the functional and taxonomic beta diversity (LCBD).
The dataset also includes the following:
- The used predictors to model the spatial distribution of the community metrics (climate PCA, vegetation PCA, land-use metrics, beekeeping intensity).
-The three types of protected areas, defined according to the protective measures.
- The model evaluation, variable importance and partial dependece data.

en: beta-diversity protected-areas urbanization climate functional-diversity wild-bee anthophila switzerland resource-availability community-indices biodiversity elevation-gradient predictive-modelling hymenoptera

en: Data on wild bee taxonomic and functional diversity in Switzerland

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: Spatial environmental predictors and responses
    Size: 984006661 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/36017634-948d-4bf1-a4e1-c547af9e4d93/download/spatial_predictors_responses.zip
    Description: The .zip file contains the rasters of the environmental predictors and the predicted responses:
-   **Environmental predictors.**:

    -   The raster on the climate contains the PCA axes on the CHELSA variables.

    -   The raster on resource availability contains the PCA axes on plant communities

    -   The raster on land-use contains the land-use composition at 2500 m.

    -   The raster on beekeeping intensity contains thedensity of hives within 2500 m

-   **Responses**:
- The predicted responses (alpha and beta taxonomic and functional metrics and the traits) without masking the waterbodies, used in the analyses (Diversity_stack_revised_Selected_descriptors.tif). It contains a stack of 20 responses in this order:  "belowgound", "cleptoparasite","FDis", "feeding_specialization", "FEve", "FRic", "InvSimpson", "ITD","LCBD_fun" ,"LCBD_taxo","phenoduration", "phenostart", "Rao", "Richness", "Shannon",  "Simpson","solitary", "TED", "tong_length", "TOP".  "FEve", "FRic", "InvSimpson","Rao", "Simpson" were not included in the linked paper.

-  The predicted responses (alpha and beta taxonomic and functional metrics and the traits)  masking the waterbodies  (masked.stack.all.diversity.tiff). It includes a stack of 15 responses (excludes "FEve", "FRic", "InvSimpson","Rao", "Simpson").

format: ZIP

media_type: application/zip

en:
Resource Title: Variable importance, model evaluation, partial dependence plots
    Size: 245681 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/221fbcd3-22dd-42d1-801b-de7136611517/download/variable_importance_pdp_evaluation.zip
    Description: The compress file containes a set of txt files with the variable importance, the model evaluation metrics and the partial dependence plots of each of the responses used (alpha and beta taxonomic and functional diversity metrics; community weighted means of 8 functional traits)

en:
Resource Title: Elevation and waterbodies
    Size: 10222802 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/3b569121-6eb6-4b44-a703-2abad45c0c56/download/elevation_waterbodies.zip
    Description: Zip file containing two rasters: the digital elevation model of Switzerland and the waterbodies of Switzerland.

en:
Resource Title: Wild bee trait data
    Size: 48679 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/f466af1e-3644-420d-8346-b6f0e9a42281/download/19012023_bee_traits_selected.txt
    Description: Text file containing the scores of the 8 used traits. The data originates from the European trait database (compiler: Stuart Roberts; pollinator loss module of the EU- FP6 ALARM project).

media_type: text/plain

en:
Resource Title: Taxonomic and functional metrics in the community plots
    Size: 937285 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/c3856c2f-33da-4b5e-a54a-990297987e74/download/diversity_data_complete.txt
    Description: Response data used for the modeling.
Lat: latitude community plot
Lon: longitude community plot
Richness: species richness
Shannon: Shannon diversity index
FDis: functional dispersion
TOP: Trait Onion Peeling (functional richness)
TED: Trait Even Distribution (functional evenness)
LCBD_taxo: local community contributions to taxonomic beta diversity
LCBD_fun: local community contributions to functional beta diversity
ITD: community weighted means inter-tegula distance
feeding_specialization: community weighted means feeding specialization
tong_length: community weighted means tongue length
phenostart: community weighted means start of the phenology
phenoduration:  community weighted means duration of the phenoloy
cleptoparasite: community weighted means cleptoparasites
belowgound:  community weighted means proportion belowground
solitary: community weighted means proportion solitary

en:
Resource Title: Protected areas
    Size: 1627789 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/49c05193-0e66-47d7-8374-3e1883621f04/download/pa.zip
    Description: Protected areas considered, divided in three groups and rasters: protected areas sensu stricto, protected areas sensu lato and all protected areas

anthophila

display_name: anthophila

beta-diversity

display_name: beta-diversity

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

climate

display_name: climate

community-indices

display_name: community-indices

elevation-gradient

display_name: elevation-gradient

functional-diversity

display_name: functional-diversity

hymenoptera

display_name: hymenoptera

predictive-modelling

display_name: predictive-modelling

protected-areas

display_name: protected-areas

resource-availability

display_name: resource-availability

switzerland

display_name: switzerland

urbanization

display_name: urbanization

wild-bee

display_name: wild-bee


en:
Notice:  Changes to the dataset are still possible. Please do not use this dataset until the final publication with a DOI. Contact the authors if you have questions about this.
This dataset contains measurements of stable water isotopes in snow and vapor on the Weissfluhjoch from different field campaigns (Winter 2017 (Trachsel, 2019), January 2020, December 2020, and March 2021 (Sadowski et al., 2022).
Snow profiles and surface samples are available at different frequencies for each campaign. Please see "Data_description.pdf" for details.
Scripts and SNOWPACK simulations used in (Trachsel, 2019) and (Sadowski et al., 2022) are also provided.

en: post-depositional-processes paleoclimate weissfluhjoch snow sublimation stable-water-isotopes latent-heat natural-tracer

en: Stable Water Isotopes in snow and vapor on the Weissfluhjoch

en:
Resource Title: Stable water isotopes in snow
    Size: 42408 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/258c1ad7-dc54-408d-85f4-927d1ee052ec/download/snow_isotopes.zip
    Description: Stable water isotopes in snow measurements

en:
Resource Title: Stable water isotopes in vapor
    Size: 1791813201 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/459c968f-fdce-43e9-aefc-88e3e2c0f1a5/download/vapor_stable_water_isotopes.zip
    Description: Stable water isotopes in vapor measurements. Processed (calibrated) and raw data for February - June 2017. Raw data for January and February 2020.
For the time in between July 2017 and April 2020, raw vapor isotopic measurements are available, but no calibrations were performed during that time. For data delivery, please contact one of the authors.
This folder also contains the post-processing scripts for stable water isotopes in vapor measurements.

en:
Resource Title: Data_description
    Size: 5798685 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/f9e9342d-939c-4f55-aeeb-94197ab8572e/download/data-description.pdf
    Description: Details on the data collected during the different field campaigns and available in this dataset.
Information on the sampling procedure of the snow isotopes samples.

media_type: application/pdf

en:
Resource Title: Weather
    Size: 377318265 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/c3dabb24-bcac-41f2-8a7a-e13bad3d0705/download/weather.zip
    Description: Meteorological data, snow height measurement, and SNOWPACK simulations covering the different field campaigns.

en:
Resource Title: Read_me
    Size: 1040 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/a9b0c81d-fd96-4f43-b7ec-5910aa7b35ed/download/read_me.txt
    Description: Details about the different folders

latent-heat

display_name: latent-heat

natural-tracer

display_name: natural-tracer

paleoclimate

display_name: paleoclimate

post-depositional-processes

display_name: post-depositional-processes

snow

display_name: snow

stable-water-isotopes

display_name: stable-water-isotopes

sublimation

display_name: sublimation

weissfluhjoch

display_name: weissfluhjoch


en:
The European Snow Booklet (ESB) is a book of reference for snow measurements that has been produced through collaboration with many European snow practitioners and snow scientists in the framework of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ES1404 “A European network for a harmonised monitoring of snow for the benefit of climate change scenarios, hydrology and numerical weather prediction (HarmoSnow)”. The ESB provides a unique collection of information about operational snow observations in the European countries and the methods used to perform basic measurements of snow on the ground: snow depth (HS), depth of snowfall (HN), water equivalent of the snow cover (SWE) and presence of snow on the ground (PSG). Information and station metadata (for example location, elevation) for these basic snow variables were collected through a comprehensive survey, the ESB questionnaire between August 2017 and March 2018. Numerous institutions of 38 European countries provided detailed information describing the status of the operational snow observations and the methods used at the time of the survey. Based on the information provided, a country report was written for each European country. Similarities and differences among the countries, that is, the choice of snow variables to be measured, the measurement principles applied, the number of stations, or the spatial and elevational station distribution are pointed out. Thus the collection of country reports demonstrates the relevance of snow measurements for each country. Thus, the intention of the ESB is to foster better knowledge transfer regarding snow measurements between the snow science and operational communities and to improve the communication of information to the general public.
For detailed information on the European countries, we refer to the ESB, which can be downloaded here (envidat.ch). Please note that the ESB is not a living document and information and station metadata are from August 2017 till March 2018, except for Latvia (metadata updated in December 2018).

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: European Snow Booklet – an Inventory of Snow Measurements in Europe

en:
Resource Title: List of authors and list of the editorial board of the European Snow Booklet
    Size: 14675 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/492dfd3d-99d4-4cfb-b129-77e98344a237/resource/1e7628d8-50b7-45cc-8974-b50907b365fc/download/list_of_authors_and_editorial_board.xlsx
    Description: Here you can find the list of all lead authors of the different chapters of the European Snow Booklet (ESB).
In addition a list of the editorial board that reviewed the ESB is given.

en:
Resource Title: European Snow Booklet public metadata
    Size: 1536715 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/492dfd3d-99d4-4cfb-b129-77e98344a237/resource/d05304f6-6862-4f6c-b4b9-3601201cc824/download/metadata.xlsx
    Description: The core of the European Snow Booklet (ESB), the country reports of 38 European countries, are based on information and metadata on snow measurements collected through a comprehensive survey, the ESB Questionnaire, between August 2017 and March 2018. The station metadata (for example location, elevation, measurement start date) from each country was provided by one or several institutions responsible for snow observations. By answering the questionnaire the contacts agreed that the information and metadata provided could be presented in the ESB. For cases where institutions indicated that information on station locations could be made publicly available, the metadata for the variables snow depth (HS), depth of snowfall (HN) and water equivalent of the snow cover (SWE), is additionally provided here for download (METADATA.xlsx).
Please note that not all institutions gave permission to publish their station metadata. This metadata has to be requested from the non-personal institution contacts provided in the METADATA.xlsx file. In some cases, however, no institutional contact is available and thus the contact of the country representative who filled in the questionnaire is used.
For current, updated station metadata we refer to the (non-personal) institutional contacts provided in METADATA.xlsx and/or the institution webpages. Note, however, that we cannot guarantee for completeness of the dataset for all countries because operational networks are prone to changes.

en:
Resource Title: COST European Snow Booklet (ESB) - DORA Link
    Size: 1 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl:20198
    Description: DORA Link of the COST European Snow Booklet (ESB).

en:
Resource Title: COST European Snow Booklet (ESB)
    Size: 136492575 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A20198/datastream/PDF/Haberkorn-2019-European_Snow_Booklet-%28published_version%29.pdf
    Description: Please find here the web version of the COST European Snow Booklet (ESB).

depth-of-snowfall

display_name: depth-of-snowfall

harmonisation-of-snow-measurements

display_name: harmonisation-of-snow-measurements

snow-depth

display_name: snow-depth

snow-measurement-methods

display_name: snow-measurement-methods

water-equivalent-of-the-snow-cover

display_name: water-equivalent-of-the-snow-cover


en: snowpackBuoyantPimpleFoam is a  two-phase solver implemented to model convection of water vapor with phase change in snowpacks. This new solver is based on the standard solver of buoyantPimpleFoam in the open-source fluid dynamics software, OpenFOAM 5.0 (www.openfoam.org).

en: vapor-transport convection-in-snow numerical-simulation openfoam snow-density-profile

en: snowpackBuoyantPimpleFoam: an OpenFOAM Eulerian–Eulerian two-phase solver for modelling convection of water vapor in snowpacks

envi

en: Environment

convection-in-snow

display_name: convection-in-snow

numerical-simulation

display_name: numerical-simulation

openfoam

display_name: openfoam

snow-density-profile

display_name: snow-density-profile

vapor-transport

display_name: vapor-transport


mountain-permafrost-hydrology

en: This report was prepared as one of the synthesis report chapters of the Hydro-CH2018 project of the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN). In earlier reports such as the CH2014-IMPACTS report (CH-Impacts 2014), the topic of mountain permafrost hydrology was not addressed. Here, we provide a baseline of the available knowledge of mountain permafrost in the Swiss Alps for future reference. We compile an overview of the current understanding of mountain permafrost in the Swiss Alps, its distribution and characteristics, observed and projected changes, and expected impacts on slope stability, infrastructure and hydrological aspects. We also briefly describe the measurement techniques and modelling approaches applied. The chapter closes with a summary of the most important open research questions. The literature cited mainly includes studies on mountain permafrost published in scientific journals and assessments of long-term observation data. We focus on permafrost hydrology interactions wherever information is available. However, systematic studies on permafrost hydrology in mountain areas are still limited.

en: ice-rich-permafrost mass-movements monitoring-techniques permafrost-degradation mountain-permafrost-hydrology climate-change-impacts

en: Mountain Permafrost Hydrology

title_for_slug: mountain-permafrost-hydrology

climate-change-impacts

display_name: climate-change-impacts

ice-rich-permafrost

display_name: ice-rich-permafrost

mass-movements

display_name: mass-movements

monitoring-techniques

display_name: monitoring-techniques

mountain-permafrost-hydrology

display_name: mountain-permafrost-hydrology

permafrost-degradation

display_name: permafrost-degradation


latent-heat-flux-over-snow

en:
This dataset contains three case studies where are compared the latent heat flux calculated using the Eddy Covariance (EC) method, the Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) and the modified Bowen-ratio method presented in the research paper "Using the sensible heat flux eddy covariance based exchange coefficient to calculate latent heat from moisture mean gradients overn snow". We include the datasets, the code and the ini files for reproduce the research.
The dataset contain two files in zip format:
  1. Sowftware-Heat_fluxes_on_snow: Jupyter notebooks to reproduce the method and the figures of the paper.
  2. data.zip: Datasets used to compare the methods

en: swiss-alps snow central-asia meteo meta meteo-station

en: Latent Heat Flux over Snow

title_for_slug: latent-heat-flux-over-snow

en:
Resource Title: Sowftware-Heat_fluxes_on_snow
    Size: 3322132 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fc60c402-dc96-40a0-b780-09404deaa34e/resource/da84224e-d225-43fd-8986-7d8069362adc/download/software.zip
    Description: This file includes the Jupyter notebooks to reproduce the method and the figures of the paper. This consists in:
- 3 files for Alpine Valley
- 3 files for Antarctic Plateau
- 1 file for application at Pamir mountains

en:
Resource Title:
    Size: 29787181 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fc60c402-dc96-40a0-b780-09404deaa34e/resource/7ab59fe6-dc0b-4dfc-b5c1-e8c3287cb54e/download/data.zip
    Description: This file includes the datasets used to compare the methods. It includes:
- EC Postprocessed heat flux data from sonic anemometer and gas analyzer. Files named: [SITE]_(NO)WatVap_eddypro_OUT_[type].csv
- MOST Postprocessed data from SNOWPACK model. Files named [SITE]_[year]_[METHOD].smet
- Configuration files for SNOWPACK (.ini files) and Eddypro (.eddypro files)

[SITE] correspond to DISHMA/DISH or Alpine Valley, PLATEAU/PLAT for Antarctic Plateau, TAJ for Pamir mountains (no EC)
[type] correspond to fluxnet, full_output or qc_details
[METHOD] indicates the stability model used and/or the roughness length

central-asia

display_name: central-asia

meta

display_name: meta

meteo

display_name: meteo

meteo-station

display_name: meteo-station

snow

display_name: snow

swiss-alps

display_name: swiss-alps


en:
We processed Sentinel-2 images from 2017 to 2023 for Switzerland with the Software FORCE (Frantz 2019). The respective parameter files can be found here: [Github](https://github.com/TLKoch/Sentinel-2_CH). All the images consist of several TB and therefore, access will be granted upon request.
The available bands (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
*Red, Green, Blue, NIR, Red-Edge-1, Red-Edge-2, Red-Edge-3, SWIR-1, SWIR-2*
The available indices (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
*CCI, CIRE, NDWI/NDMI, NDVI, EVI*
Further indices might be provided upon request.
 Processing
After downloading Level 1 data for the 14 Sentinel-2 tiles covering Switzerland (T31TGN, T32TLT, T32TMT, T32UMU, T32TNT, T32TPT, T31TGM, T32TLS, T32TMS, T32TNS, T32TPS, T32TLR, T32TMR, T32TNR) with an estimated cloud cover of less than 80 \%, we processed the data further with FORCE v. 3.7.8-12.
FORCE was used for radiometric correction, including atmospheric and topographic corrections using the digital elevation model from Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (EU-DEM v. 1.1), with a 25 m spatial resolution, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) correction, and an adjacency effect correction. For cloud masking, the improved Fmask algorithm with buffers of 300 m for clouds, 90 m for shadows, and 30 m for snow were used (Frantz et al. 2018; Zhu et al. 2015). All bands were resampled using cubic convolution to 10 m spatial resolution. Shadows, low and poor illumination as well as saturation were masked out. The co-registration of all images  was made with monthly composites of near-infrared Landsat Collection 2 images from 2014 to 2021 (Rengarajan et al. 2020;Rufin et al. 2021). With this the geometric consistency improved. The processed images are available in tiles of 30 by 30 km.
 Example images
Uploaded is an example of the index EVI for one of the generated 30 by 30 km tiles located around the city of Zürich. The values are multiplied by 10.000. The date of the image is 24.07.2018.

en: raster-processing force remote-sensing sentinel-2 switzerland

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Sentinel-2 imagery of Switzerland

en:
Resource Title: parameter_file_force_sentinel_level2.prm
    Size: 17892 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/eb913ad8-aec4-472f-a827-179b4ec87371/resource/69490cdd-817f-49f6-b048-e152ba6bff5a/download/sentinel_level2.prm
    Description: Parameter file that defined all the parameters for processing the Sentinel-2 Level 2 imagery

format: OCTET

en:
Resource Title: EVI_20180724_example.tif
    Size: 24317492 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/eb913ad8-aec4-472f-a827-179b4ec87371/resource/5d61e0ec-f785-45ba-8281-8668855ee94b/download/evi_20180724_example.tif
    Description: An example of the index EVI for one of the generated 30 by 30 km tiles located around the city of Zürich. The values are multiplied by 10.000. The date of the image is 24.07.2018.

format: TIFF

media_type: image/tiff

force

display_name: force

raster-processing

display_name: raster-processing

remote-sensing

display_name: remote-sensing

switzerland

display_name: switzerland


en:
We processed Sentinel-2 image time series from 2017 to 2023 for Switzerland with the Software FORCE (Frantz 2019) on the basis of [Sentinel-2 images](https://envidat.ch//metadata/sentinel-2-imagery-of-switzerland). The respective parameter files can be found here: [Github](https://github.com/TLKoch/Sentinel-2_CH). All the image time series consist of several TB and therefore access will be granted upon request.
The available bands (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
Red, Green, Blue, NIR, Red-Edge-1, Red-Edge-2, Red-Edge-3, SWIR-1, SWIR-2
The available indices (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
CCI, CIRE, NDWI/NDMI, NDVI, EVI
 Processing
On the basis of processed Sentinel-2 images for the 14 Sentinel-2 tiles covering Switzerland (T31TGN, T32TLT, T32TMT, T32UMU, T32TNT, T32TPT, T31TGM, T32TLS, T32TMS, T32TNS, T32TPS, T32TLR, T32TMR, T32TNR), we processed the image time series further with FORCE v. 3.7.8-12.
We generated interpolated Sentinel-2 time series with a 5-day interval, corresponding to the theoretical revisit time of the Sentinel-2 satellites. It's important to note that the 5-day time series consist of interpolated and smoothed composites, not the original images. We used the radial basis convolutional filtering (RBF) available in the FORCE time series analysis (TSA) submodule (Schwieder et al. 2016). The RBF is similar to a spatial moving window average approach over time (Schwieder et al. 2016). We applied kernel width values of 10, 20, 30, and 50 days. We spectrally adjusted all the images to match Sentinel-2A, and we removed curve outliers and pixels that failed the quality checks for clouds and their shadows, snow, saturation, and limited illumination. The processed image time series are available in tiles of 30 by 30 km.
 Example images
Uploaded is an example of the index EVI for one of the generated 30 by 30 km tiles located around the city of Zürich. The values are multiplied by 10.000. The time series spans the month of July from 2018.

en: sentinel-2 switzerland time-series raster-processing force remote-sensing

en: Sentinel-2 time series of Switzerland

en:
Resource Title: EVI_time_series_201807_example.tif
    Size: 139814053 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/633ffbf5-756f-4735-af10-909a3b09c7cb/resource/959bf57a-1723-4eea-ad89-3c42243ca510/download/evi_time_series_201807_example.tif
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: parameter_file_force_sentinel_tss_tsi.prm
    Size: 27530 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/633ffbf5-756f-4735-af10-909a3b09c7cb/resource/81f234c9-25ea-4927-a3af-92c915236882/download/sentinel_tss_tsi.prm
    Description: Parameter file that defined all the parameters for processing the Sentinel-2 time series

time-series

display_name: time-series


en:
Swiss National Forest Inventory. Results of the fourth survey 2009–2017.
The collection of data for the fourth National Forest Inventory (NFI) was carried out from 2009 to 2017, on average eight years after the third survey. The findings about state and development of Swiss forests are described and explained in detail. The report is structured according to the European criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management, namely: forest resources, health and vitality, wood production, biological diversity, protection forest and social economy. Finally, conclusions about sustainability are drawn based on the NFI findings.
Keywords: forest area, growing stock, increment, yield, forest structure, forest condition, timber production, biodiversity, protection forest, recreation, sustainability, results National Forest Inventory, Switzerland
Inventaire forestier national suisse. Résultats du quatrième inventaire 2009-2017.
Les relevés du quatrième inventaire forestier national suisse (IFN) ont eu lieu entre 2009 et 2017, en moyenne huit ans après le troisième inventaire. Les résultats sur l’état et l’évolution de la forêt suisse sont présentés et expliqués en détail. Le rapport est structuré thématiquement selon les critères et indicateurs européens pour la gestion durable des forêts : ressources forestières, santé et vitalité, production de bois, diversité biologique, forêt protectrice et socio-économie. L’ouvrage s’achève par un bilan de la durabilité basé sur les résultats de l’IFN.
Mots-clés : surface forestière, volume de bois, accroissement, exploitation, structure de la forêt, état de la forêt, production de bois, biodiversité, forêt protectrice, récréation, durabilité, résultats de l’inventaire forestier national, Suisse
Content license: All rights reserved. Copyright © 2020 by WSL, Birmensdorf.

en: nfi forest 2009-2017 national-forest-inventory lfi

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: Corrigendum / Erratum
    Size: 518804 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/58cf77e8-78f6-460d-9c1b-5c0857b0cc25/resource/e5620e14-9a81-4d48-9a31-1acf93ff80f5/download/korrigendum_lfi4_fr_tab_155.pdf
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Registration in DORA
    Size: 1 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl:23455
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: ISBN: 978-3-905621-61-7
    Size: 65866156 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/58cf77e8-78f6-460d-9c1b-5c0857b0cc25/resource/149edc8c-30eb-4164-935f-ca53c21e16dd/download/lfi4_fr_web_200603.pdf
    Description:

forest

display_name: forest

lfi

display_name: lfi

national-forest-inventory

display_name: national-forest-inventory

nfi

display_name: nfi


en:
Introduction
The ZIP file contains all data and code to replicate the analyses reported in the following paper.
Reber, U., Fischer, M., Ingold, K., Kienast, F., Hersperger, A. M., Grütter, R., & Benz, R. (2022). Integrating biodiversity: A longitudinal and cross-sectoral analysis of Swiss politics. *Policy Sciences*. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-022-09456-4](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-022-09456-4)
If you use any of the material included in this repository, please refer to the paper. If you use (parts of) the text corpus, please also refer to the sources used for its compilation listed below. The content of the texts may not be changed.
 Data folder
The data folder contains the following files.
* _corpus.parquet_: Text corpus of Swiss policy documents
* _dict_de.csv_: Biodiversity dictionary (German)
* _dict_fr.csv_: Biodiversity dictionary (French)
* _dict_it.csv_: Biodiversity dictionary (Italian)
* _topic_labels.csv_: labels/codes for policy sectors
* _topics.csv_: labels/codes for policy sectors
The corpus and the dictionary were compiled by the authors specifically for this project. The labels/codes for policy sectors are based on the [coding scheme](http://ws-old.parlament.ch/affairs/topics) of the Swiss Parliament.
 Text corpus
The text corpus consists of 439,984 Swiss policy documents in German, French, and Italian from 1999 to 2018. The corpus was compiled from the following source between 2020-10-01 and 2021-01-31.
* Transcripts and parliamentary businesses (e.g. questions, motions, parliamentary initiatives) via the [Web Services (WS)](https://www.parlament.ch/de/%C3%BCber-das-parlament/fakten-und-zahlen/open-data-web-services) provided by the Swiss Parliament
* The official compilation of federal legislation ("Amtliche Sammlung", AS) via [opendata.swiss](https://opendata.swiss/de/dataset/official-compilation-of-federal-legislation-bs-as-1947-2018) provided by the Swiss Federal Archives (SFA)
*  The federal gazette ("Bundesblatt") via [fedlex.admin.ch](https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/de/fga/index)
* Decisions of federal courts via [entscheidsuche.ch (ES)](https://entscheidsuche.ch/)
The corpus is stored in a single data frame to use with R saved as [PARQUET](https://parquet.apache.org/) file (corpus.parquet). The data frame has the following structure.
* _text_id_: Unique identifier for each text (source information as prefix, e.g. "t_")
* _doc_type_: Document type (see coding scheme below)
* _branch_: Government branche (1 legislative, 2 executive, 3 judicative)
* _stage_: Stage of policy process (1 drafting, 2 introduction, 3 interpretation)
* _year_: Year of publication
* _topic_: Policy sector (coding scheme in separate file in data folder)
* _lang_: Language (de, fr, it)
* _text_: Text
The following list contains the coding scheme for the doc_type variable.
* 101: Federal gazette // Draft for public consultation ("Vernehmlassungsverfahren")
* 102: Federal gazette // Explanation of draft for parliament ("Botschaft")
* 103: Federal gazette // Strategy, action plan
* 104: Federal gazette // Federal council decree ("Bundesratsbeschluss")
* 105: Federal gazette // (Simple) Federal decree ("(Einfacher) Bundesbeschluss")
* 106: Federal gazette // General decree ("Allgemeinverfügung")
* 107: Federal gazette // Treaty ("Übereinkommen")
* 108: Federal gazette // Treaty ("Abkommen")
* 109: Federal gazette // Draft for parliament ("Entwurf")
* 110: Federal gazette // Report ("Bericht")
* 111: Federal gazette // Report of parliamentary comission ("Bericht")
* 112: Federal gazette // Report of federal council ("Bericht")
* 201: Parl. businesses // Submitted text
* 202: Parl. businesses // Reason text
* 203: Parl. businesses // Federal council response
* 204: Parl. businesses // Initial situation
* 205: Parl. businesses // Proceedings
* 301: Parl. transcripts // Speech of MP
* 302: Parl. transcripts // Speech of federal council
* 401: Federal legislation // Legal text of the official compilation (law, ordinances, etc.)
* 501: Court decisions // Federal Supreme Court
* 502: Court decisions // Federal Criminal Court
* 503: Court decisions // Federal Administrative Court
 Code folder
The code folder contains all R code for the analyses. The files are numbered chronologically.
* _1_classifier_training.R_: Training of classifiers for classification of policy sectors
* _2_classifier_application.R_: Classification of documents in corpus
* _3_dictionary_application.R_: Biodiversity indexing of documents in corpus
* _4_stm_truncation.R_: Truncation of indexed documents to keep only relevant parts
* _5_stm_translation.R_: Translation of FR and IT documents to DE
* _6_stm_model.R_: Preprocesssing and structural topic model
* _7_plots.R_: Plots and numbers as included in the paper
The code/functions folder contains custom functions used in the scripts, e.g. to support topic model interpretation.
Package versions and setup details are noted in the code files.
 Contact
Please direct any questions to Ueli Reber (ueli.reber@eawag.ch).

en: bgb switzerland biodiversity policy-documents environmental--policy text-corpus policy-analysis

en: Replication files for "Integrating biodiversity: A longitudinal and cross-sectoral analysis of Swiss politics"

bgb

display_name: bgb

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

environmental--policy

display_name: environmental--policy

policy-analysis

display_name: policy-analysis

policy-documents

display_name: policy-documents

text-corpus

display_name: text-corpus


en:
The first EVOLTREE Conference, taking place in hybrid format (on-site and online) at WSL Birmensdorf (Switzerland) from 14-17 September, 2021, focuses on the genomics of trees and interacting species from evolutionary, demographic, and ecological perspectives.
EVOLTREE is a European network of institutions engaged in studying the evolution and functioning of forest ecosystems, in particular trees as the foundation species in forest stands. A prime topic in the face of ongoing climate change is to elucidate how trees, together with their associated organisms such as mycorrhizal fungi, respond to rapid environmental changes.
The conference includes contributions that apply innovative approaches and consider the relevance of their research in the context of biodiversity conservation through natural dynamics or silvicultural interference.

en: genomics conference adaptation evoltree forest-ecosystems abstracts

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Genomics and Adaptation in Forest Ecosystems. Book of Abstracts. EvolTree Conference 2021, 14 – 17 September 2021, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

abstracts

display_name: abstracts

adaptation

display_name: adaptation

conference

display_name: conference

evoltree

display_name: evoltree

forest-ecosystems

display_name: forest-ecosystems

genomics

display_name: genomics


en:
This dataset contains the road and plot data used for the geospatial analysis example showcased in "Fostering Open Science at WSL with the EnviDat Environmental Data Portal", a contribution to the 5th Open Source Geospatial Research and Education Symposium (OGRS), 2018.
The example uses Jupyter Notebook to calculate road densities in the neighbourhood of sample plot locations with Python. Road data were extracted from OpenStreetMap, while the point data (sample plots) were generated manually.

en: gis roads jupyter buffer geospatial density

en: Dataset for OGRS 2018 publication

en:
Resource Title: Strassen_OSM
    Size: 394934 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/5d097dde-387f-4ab9-9e95-aa47c14bae75/download/menzbergzero.zip
    Description: Road data from OSM for the surroundings of Menzberg, Switzerland

en:
Resource Title: Road Density Calculation (Python Notebook) online
    Size: 0
    Format: application/x-ipynb+json
    URL: https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/urls/www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/38ba30db-e7cd-45eb-b84e-5d00e1877dd3/download/roaddensitycalculation.ipynb
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Road Density Calculation (Python Notebook)
    Size: 8643 bytes
    Format: application/x-ipynb+json
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/38ba30db-e7cd-45eb-b84e-5d00e1877dd3/download/roaddensitycalculation.ipynb
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Plots
    Size: 1719 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/173de5b0-ae7b-46dc-9b1f-7df640106736/download/plots.zip
    Description: Random plot locations

buffer

display_name: buffer

density

display_name: density

geospatial

display_name: geospatial

gis

display_name: gis

jupyter

display_name: jupyter

roads

display_name: roads


en:
This dataset contains modeled and experimental results for laboratory snow failure experiments and the concurrent acoustic emissions signatures for different loading rates. For modelling the snow failure we used a fiber bundle model that includes sintering and viscous deformation.
The data underlay the figures in the publication "Modelling Snow Failure Behavior and Concurrent Acoustic Emissions Signatures with a Fiber Bundle Model" submitted for publication to "Geophysical Research Letters".

en: snow-failure acoustic-emissions snow-avalanche viscous-deformation fiber-bundle-model snow-mechanics snow sintering

en: Fiber Bundle Model for snow failure and concurrent Acoustic Emissions

envi

en: Environment

acoustic-emissions

display_name: acoustic-emissions

fiber-bundle-model

display_name: fiber-bundle-model

sintering

display_name: sintering

snow

display_name: snow

snow-avalanche

display_name: snow-avalanche

snow-failure

display_name: snow-failure

snow-mechanics

display_name: snow-mechanics

viscous-deformation

display_name: viscous-deformation


automatic-detection-of-avalanches

en: This dataset contains the results obtained by an automatic classification using hidden Markov models of a continuous seismic dataset. To avoid long computational times, we reduced the seismic data using pre-processing step. The start and end times of the windows used for the classification are also included in this dataset. Furthermore, an avalanche reference data set is included and the python scripts used to perform the processing steps and the classification.

en: avalanche-activity seismic hidden-markov-model monitoring snow

en: Automatic detection of avalanches

title_for_slug: automatic-detection-of-avalanches

avalanche-activity

display_name: avalanche-activity

hidden-markov-model

display_name: hidden-markov-model

monitoring

display_name: monitoring

seismic

display_name: seismic


en:
Two data sets obtained for snow farming projects (Fluela, Davos, CH and Martell, IT) in 2015.
The data set contains for each site:
* 10 cm GIS raster of snow depth calculated from terrestrial laserscanning surveys (TLS) in the end of winter season (April/May)
* 10 cm GIS raster of snow depth calculated from TLS in the end of summer season (October)
Input files for SNOWPACK model:
* .sno: snow profile at the end of winter
* .smet: meteorological data measured by weather stations in the area
For more details see  Grünewald, T., Lehning, M., and Wolfsperger, F.: Snow farming: Conserving snow over the summer season, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-93, in review, 2017.

en: snow-farming snow-conservation snowpack terrestrial-laser-scanning winter-tourism snow

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: Snowfarming data set Davos and Martell 2015

en:
Resource Title: HS Fluela spring 2015
    Size: 1702059 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/a0aef820-34e4-490a-9271-a12646f37b67/download/20150429_fluela_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in spring 2015 obtained by terrrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: CH1903

en:
Resource Title: Martell .sno
    Size: 1761 bytes
    Format: .sno
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/bd5861f8-f17c-4133-9ff2-c8526e67804e/download/martell_1schicht_lwc3.sno
    Description: Input snow profile (.sno file) used for SNOWPACK simulations of the Martell heap

en:
Resource Title: HS Fluela autumn 2015
    Size: 1720506 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/47f70f9b-63df-44aa-836c-02a46bbf4f6b/download/20151008_fluela_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in autumn 2015 obtained by terrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: CH1903
Nodata: -9999

en:
Resource Title: Fluela .sno
    Size: 1919 bytes
    Format: .sno
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/f31e7520-2624-4628-a7a9-bb0bcbeea876/download/fluela_1schicht_40cm_lwc3.sno
    Description: Input snow profile (.sno file) used for SNOWPACK simulations of the Flüela heap

en:
Resource Title: Martell .smet
    Size: 827214 bytes
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/5c4a89bc-c16a-4c37-92e6-183a50438fae/download/meteo_martell.smet
    Description: Meteodata used as input for SNOWAPCK simulations, orginating from Station Hintermartell.

en:
Resource Title: HS Martell autumn 2015
    Size: 2412003 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/0d16510c-f1d4-4de2-86f7-b5ef2fb0bd0f/download/20151028_martell_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in autumn 2015 obtained by terrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: European Datum 1950 UTM
Nodata: -9999

en:
Resource Title: HS Martell spring 2015
    Size: 2332516 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/558c33f7-ce57-45b8-a339-f617be015e96/download/20150519_martell_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in spring 2015 obtained by terrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: European Datum 1950 UTM
Nodata: -9999

en:
Resource Title: Fluela .smet
    Size: 889965 bytes
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/7e360bad-ec83-4675-802e-05dc7a701a27/download/haufen_vwcor_shade.smet
    Description: Meteodata used as input for SNOWAPCK simulations, orginating from Station Windtunnel and DAV.

snow-conservation

display_name: snow-conservation

snow-farming

display_name: snow-farming

snowpack

display_name: snowpack

terrestrial-laser-scanning

display_name: terrestrial-laser-scanning

winter-tourism

display_name: winter-tourism


en:
The data presented here corresponds to the publication "Spatial variability in snow precipitation and accumulation in COSMO-WRF simulations and radar estimations over complex terrain" (Gerber et al., 2018a), which investigates the precipitation variability of snow precipitation in the central northern part of the Grisons (CH) and the publication "The importance of near-surface winter precipitation processes in complex alpine terrain" (Gerber et al., 2018b). The dataset contains:
* WRFsimulations: WRF simulation output for simulations with 4x (14x) terrain smoothing with an output timestep of 30 min/5 min and horizontal grid spacings of 1350 m, 450 m, 150 m and 50 m (currently: data available upon request).
* StationData: Meteorological station data of 18 meteorological stations in the central northern part of the Grisons with 30 minute resolution for the period 1 January 2016 till 1 May 2016.
* ADS80data: Photogrammetrically determined snow depth distribution data over the Dischma valley for the 26 January 2016 and 9 March 2016. Snow heights are corrected for buildings, vegetation (- 1m), outliers, and pixles, which are obivously snow-free on the pictures (Bühler et al., 2015). In addition the snow depth differences (snow depth on 9 March 2016 minus snow depth on 26 January 2016) are provided.
For more details about the simulation and observation data, see Gerber et al., 2018 and Gerber and Sharma (2018).
Publications:
Bühler, Y., Marty, M., Egli, L., Veitinger, J., Jonas, T., Thee, P., and Ginzler, C.: Snow depth mapping in high-alpine catchments using digital photogrammetry. Cryosphere, 9, 229–243, doi:10.5194/tc-9-229-2015, 2015.
Gerber, F., Besic, N., Sharma, V., Mott, R., Daniels, M., Gabella, M., Berne, A., Germann, U., and Lehning, M.: Spatial variability in snow precipitation and accumulation in COSMO-WRF simulations and radar estimations over complex terrain, The Cryosphere, 12, 3137–3160, doi:10.5194/tc-12-3137-2018, 2018.
Gerber, F., Mott, R. and Lehning, M.: The importance of near-surface winter precipitation processes in complex alpine terrain, Journal of Hydrometeorology, accepted, 2018.
Gerber, F., and Sharma, V.:  Running COSMO-WRF on very-high resolution over complex terrain. Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences CRYOS, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland. doi:10.16904/envidat.35, 2018.

en: orographic-precipitation precipitation-variability snow-precipitation complex-terrain cosmo-wrf

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: DISCHMEX - High-resolution WRF simulations in complex alpine terrain and station measurements

en:
Resource Title: ADS80data
    Size: 88940889 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/68536bc6-0990-41c0-a06f-21b19c0f2ffe/resource/dd0a21fc-e609-4a79-ab10-58e7dd9953d4/download/ads80data.zip
    Description: Snow depth maps over Dischma valley for 26 January 2016 and 9 March 2016 and snow depth differences between the two dates.

en:
Resource Title: StationData
    Size: 1161085 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/68536bc6-0990-41c0-a06f-21b19c0f2ffe/resource/096c4c10-1d39-428b-9762-e6c769553cbd/download/stationdata.zip
    Description: Meteorological station data of 18 meteorological stations in the central northern part of the Grisons with 30 minute resolution for the period 1 January 2016 till 1 May 2016.

complex-terrain

display_name: complex-terrain

cosmo-wrf

display_name: cosmo-wrf

orographic-precipitation

display_name: orographic-precipitation

precipitation-variability

display_name: precipitation-variability

snow-precipitation

display_name: snow-precipitation


en: Five full-scale field tests were conducted with concrete blocks weighting between 800 and 3200 kg being dropped onto the roof of a gallery structure made from reinforced concrete. The impacts were recorded using high-speed video and acceleration measurements at the falling blocks. The dataset contains the raw data as well as the analyses of the block trajectories, i.e. kinetics and dynamics. Setup of the measurements and the analyses conducted are published in Volkwein, A. "Durchführung und Auswertung von Steinschlagversuchen auf eine Stahlbetongalerie", WSL-Berichte, Heft 68, 2018.

en: field-tests rockfall-experiments experiments rockfall natural-hazard impact-testing field-test experiment mass-movements field-data

en: Rockfall gallery testing Parde 2016

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: Video analysis
    Size: 7038602 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2c3b41a5-0ff2-4d65-b396-19afe029df09/resource/4b0dc245-87aa-4b49-bea5-560b95be025a/download/parde2016_videoanalyses.zip
    Description: The zip contains five Excel-files that in turn contain the results of the performed video analyses. The sheet "Daten" contains the pixels of different positions on the blocks that were tracked by the software "Kinovea". The sheet "Auswertung" determines the block kinetics based on the pixel data over time.

en:
Resource Title: Raw data (high speed videos, acceleration measurements, laboratory tests)
    Size: 276966499 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2c3b41a5-0ff2-4d65-b396-19afe029df09/resource/0ab7ed13-b413-4936-9c2a-04fff646397f/download/parde2016_rohdaten.zip
    Description: This file contains

* the high speed videos showing the concrete blocks impacting the gallery roof.
* the raw data of the acceleration measurements
* the data of Tiefbauamt Graubünden containg the tension tests of gallery reinforcment, ME-testing the cushion layer and the tests on concrete samples.

en:
Resource Title: Acceleration measurements
    Size: 320251100 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2c3b41a5-0ff2-4d65-b396-19afe029df09/resource/1dd217a8-3975-4ae8-a7fe-83302438a7df/download/parde2016_accelmeas.zip
    Description: The zip file contains five excel files, one for each test conducted. The first sheet contains the raw data and a data set that went through a low-pass filter. The sheet "Allgemein" contains calibration factors for the sensors and time details of a test. The sheets "DiaDaten" and "DiaDatenGefiltert" show the measurements over time. The block and slab kinetics are determined in the sheets "ZeitintegrationBlock" and "ZeitintegrationPlatte". The sheet "VergleichBeschleunigungen" shows the influence of the low-pass-filter and a running average filter on the block accelerations.

experiment

display_name: experiment

experiments

display_name: experiments

field-data

display_name: field-data

field-test

display_name: field-test

field-tests

display_name: field-tests

impact-testing

display_name: impact-testing

mass-movements

display_name: mass-movements

natural-hazard

display_name: natural-hazard

rockfall

display_name: rockfall

rockfall-experiments

display_name: rockfall-experiments


dischmex-meteorological-measurements

en:
Meteorological measurements recorded in the Dischma valley from 2014-2016. In 2014 and 2015 we used 11 mobile weather stations from sensorscope to record meteorological parameter in the upper Dischma valley in the closer surroundings of the Gletschboden area. The meteorological stations are eqiupped with at least air temperature/humidity, wind velocity and wind direction sensors. Some stations are additionally equipped with precipitation, shortwave radiation and snow surface temperature sensors.
Three transects were installed at different aspects and were equipped with air temperature/humidity and wind sensors. Transect 1 (stations 2-4) provides meteorological Information on an east-north-east facing slope at elevations ranging between 2100 m and 2500 m. Transect 2 (stations 5-7) provides meteorological Information on a south-west slope and transect 3 (stations 8-10) on a north-west slope. Station 1 is fully equipped with meteorological sensors (temperature/humidity, wind, IR, up and downwand shortwave radiation and precipitation).
In 2016, mobile stations from sensorscope were replaced with six permanent meteorological stations. Meteorological stations 1-3 are equipped with an air temperature/humidity sensor, two wind speed sensors, a wind direction sensor and an incoming and outgoing shortwave radiation sensor. Stations 4 and 6 are equipped with an air temperature/humidity sensor and a wind speed/direction sensor. Station 5 is a equipped with an air temperature/humidity sensor, a wind speed/direction sensor, a snow surface temperature sensor, an incoming and outgoing shortwave radiation sensor and an incoming longwave radiation sensor.

en: dischma dischmex meteo-station meteorological-data meteorological-measurements

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: DISCHMEX - Meteorological measurements

title_for_slug: dischmex-meteorological-measurements

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2015
    Size: 13943 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/3bb31127-bc4f-47a3-860d-f0429b9907d6/download/sensorscope.xlsx
    Description: Overview sensors

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2014
    Size: 5503565 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/6da110c0-3ace-4958-911b-d89366660993/download/climaps-data.zip
    Description: data

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2016
    Size: 279067 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/89050c91-6a0e-4dd0-becd-272cfa7c5997/download/experimental_setup_2016.pdf
    Description: Location of the meteorological stations

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2014
    Size: 1159577 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/f61e3ca2-c536-4639-bc74-9ec68267173e/download/experimental_setup.pdf
    Description: Location of the meteorological stations

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2014
    Size: 14489 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/5193f4a9-be97-447f-8499-55616c2711e7/download/sensorscope.xlsx
    Description: Overview sensors

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2015
    Size: 34228880 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/019aae08-8c90-4fb1-bd3b-f5e77a50b512/download/climaps-data.zip
    Description: data

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2015
    Size: 1159577 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/96d21f93-9ec1-4bea-a7ee-1fb9079d92e0/download/experimental_setup.pdf
    Description: Location of the meteorological stations

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2016
    Size: 7715938 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/47c944c9-8f73-40ab-ac41-7273ee9a6ee4/download/data.zip
    Description: data

dischma

display_name: dischma

dischmex

display_name: dischmex

meteo-station

display_name: meteo-station

meteorological-data

display_name: meteorological-data

meteorological-measurements

display_name: meteorological-measurements


en:
This dataset contains the data used in the publication by Techel et al., 2018 _Spatial consistency and bias in avalanche forecasts - a case study in the European Alps_ (Nat Haz Earth Syst Sci).
For details on the data please refer to this publication.
The dataset contains the following:
- shape files for the warning regions in the Alps
- highest forecast danger level for each warning region and day

en: european-alps warning-regions snow danger-level avalanche-forecast

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en: Forecast avalanche danger level European Alps 2011 - 2015

en:
Resource Title: shape file warning regions Alps
    Size: 378119 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2dff8e3-fdff-4626-b650-a8ba5c19ef27/resource/c8329c09-60f5-4181-8681-038ebf9615f4/download/warnregionen.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Forecast avalanche danger level
    Size: 4052358 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2dff8e3-fdff-4626-b650-a8ba5c19ef27/resource/688bda43-8216-47b0-8a15-730034676551/download/data_dmax.csv
    Description: contains the highest forecast danger level (dangerLevelMax) for each day and warning region

format: CSV

media_type: text/csv

avalanche-forecast

display_name: avalanche-forecast

danger-level

display_name: danger-level

european-alps

display_name: european-alps

snow

display_name: snow

warning-regions

display_name: warning-regions


soil-respiration-exclosure-experiment

en:
Location of data collection
The Swiss National Park (SNP) is located in the southeastern part of Switzerland, and covers an area of 170 km2, 50 km2 of which is forested, 33 km2 is occupied by alpine and 3 km2 by subalpine grasslands. Elevations range from 1350 to 3170 m a.s.l., and mean annual precipitation and temperature are 871 mm and 0.6°C measured at the Park’s weather station in Buffalora (1980 m a.s.l.) between 1960 and 2009 (MeteoSchweiz 2011). Founded in 1914, the SNP received minimal human disturbance for almost 100 years (no hunting, fishing, or camping, visitors are not allowed to leave the trails). Large (- 1 ha) homogeneous patches of short- and tall-grass vegetation characterize the subalpine grasslands. The average vegetation height of short-grass vegetation is 2 to 5 cm. Red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), quaking grass (Briza media L.) and common bent grass (Agrostis tenuis Sipthrob) are the predominating plant species in this vegetation type. Tussocks of evergreen sedge (Carex sempervirens Vill.) and mat grass (Nardus stricta L.) are predominant in the tall-grass vegetation, which averages 20 cm in vegetation height (Schütz and others 2006). Short-grass vegetation developed in areas where cattle and sheep rested (high nutrient input) during agricultural land-use (from 14th century until 1914); tall-grass vegetation developed in areas where cattle and sheep used to graze, but did not rest (Schütz and others 2003, 2006). Herbivores were shown to consume - 60% of the biomass in short-grass compared to - 20% in tall-grass vegetation (Schütz and others 2006). The herbivore community present in the SNP can be divided into four groups based on body size/weight: large [red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) and chamois (Rupricapra rupricapra L.); 30 - 150 kg], medium [marmot (Marmota marmota L.) and snow hare (Lepus timidus L.); 3 – 6 kg], and small vertebrate herbivores (small rodents: e.g. Clethrionomys spp., Microtus spp., Apodemus spp.; 30 – 100 g) as well as invertebrates (e.g. grasshoppers, caterpillars, cicadas, - 5 g).
Experimental design
We selected 18 subalpine grassland sites (9 short-grass, 9 tall-grass vegetation). The sites were spread across the entire park on dolomite parent material at altitudes of 1975 to 2300 meters. At each site we established an exclosure network (fences) in spring 2009 (early June), immediately after snowmelt. Each exclosure network consisted of a total of five 2 × 3 m sized plots that progressively excluded the different herbivores listed above (further labeled according to the herbivore guilds that had access to the respective plots “All”, “Marmot/Mice/Invertebrates”, “Mice/Invertebrates”, “Invertebrates”, “None”). The “All” treatment was thus accessible to all herbivores, was not fenced and was located at least 5 m away from a 2.1 m tall and 7 × 9 m main fence that enclosed the other four treatments. This fence was constructed of 10 × 10 cm wooden posts and electrical equestrian tape (AGRARO ECO, Landi, Bern, Switzerland; 20 mm width) mounted at 0.7 m, 0.95 m, 1.2 m, 1.5 m and 2.1 m above the ground that were connected to a solar charged battery (AGRARO Sunpower S250, Landi, Bern, Switzerland). We also mounted non-electrically charged equestrian tape at 0.5 m to help exclude deer and chamois, yet allow marmots and hares to enter safely. Within each main fenced area we randomly established four 2 × 3 m plots: (1) The “Marmot/Mice/Invertebrates” plot remained unfenced, thus, with the exception of red deer and chamois, all herbivores were able to access the plot, (2) The “Mice/Invertebrates” plot consisted of a 90 cm high electric sheep fence (AGRARO Weidezaunnetz ECO, Landi, Bern, Switzerland; mesh size 10 × 10 cm) connected to the solar panel and excluded all medium sized mammals (marmots, hares), but provided access for small mammals and invertebrates, (3) The “Invertebrates” plot provided access for invertebrates only and was surrounded by 1 m high metal mesh (Hortima AG, Hausen, Schweiz; mesh size 2 × 2 cm), (4) The “None” plot was surrounded by a 1 m tall mosquito net (Sala Ferramenta AG, Biasca, Switzerland; mesh size 1.5 × 2 mm) to exclude all herbivores. This plot was covered with a roof constructed of a wooden frame lined with mosquito mesh that was mounted on the wooden corner posts. We also treated this plot with a biocompatible insecticide (Clean kill original, Eco Belle GmbH, Waldshut-Tiengen, Germany) when needed to remove insects that might have entered during data collection or that hatched from the soil.
!!! The here published data set only contains data for “All”, and “Marmot/Mice/Invertebrates” (= ungulates excluded) plots !!!
Data collection
In-situ soil CO2 emissions were measured with a PP-Systems SRC-1 soil respiration chamber (closed circuit) attached to a PP-Systems EGM-4 infrared gas analyzer (PP-Systems, Amesbury, MA, USA) on two randomly selected locations on one subplot within each of the 90 plots. For each measurement the soil chamber (15 cm high; 10 cm diameter) was placed on a permanently installed PVC collar (10 cm diameter) driven five centimeters into the soil at the beginning of the study (June 2009). The measurements were conducted between 0900 and 1700 hours every two weeks from early to early September 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2013. Freshly germinated plants growing within the PVC collars were removed prior to each measurement to avoid measuring plant respiration/photosynthesis. The two measurements collected per plot every two weeks were averaged.
Please acknowledge the funding of the study: funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, SNF grant-no 31003A_122009/1 to Anita C. Risch, Martin Schütz and Flurin Filli

en: ungulates grassland subalpine grazing soil-respiration

en: Soil respiration - exclosure experiment

title_for_slug: soil-respiration-exclosure-experiment

envi

en: Environment

grassland

display_name: grassland

grazing

display_name: grazing

soil-respiration

display_name: soil-respiration

subalpine

display_name: subalpine

ungulates

display_name: ungulates