en:
Here we report a resonant x-ray diffraction (RXD) study at the Cu L3 edge on the multichiral system CsCuCl3, exhibiting helical magnetic order in a chiral crystal structure. RXD is a powerful technique to disentangle electronic degrees of freedom due to its sensitivity to electric monopoles (charge), magnetic dipoles (spin),
and electric quadrupoles (orbital). We characterize electric quadrupole moments around Cu ascribed to the unoccupied Cu 3d orbital, whose quantization axis is off the basal plane. Detailed investigation of magnetic reflections reveals additional sinusoidal modulations along the principal axis superimposed on the reported
helical structure, i.e., a longitudinal conical (helical-butterfly) structure. The out-of-plane modulations imply significant spin-orbit interaction despite S = 1/2 of Cu2+.

en: Conical spin order with chiral quadrupole helix in CsCuCl3

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


$oid: OBSOLETE

en:
The raw and derived data are related to the following publication:

Drying of water from porous structures investigated by time-resolved X-ray tomography

In this contribution, we apply time-resolved X-ray tomography to study drying of water in porous ceramic substrates used in emission control technologies. A time resolution of 2 seconds is achieved, and allows to observe the spatiotemporal distribution of water in structured porous materials. An image processing framework based on machine learning is introduced to track pore emptying and filling in a large number of 3D scans. Drying curves are extracted from the tomographic data to investigate drying in materials with different structural properties. Water redistribution by capillary pumping and rapid pore emptying by Haines jumps are observed, and their impact on drying dynamics is discussed. The relationship between the evolution of water clusters and different drying regimes is established. The obtained information on the interplay between pore emptying, water redistribution and the size of water clusters provides an important link between the structural properties of dried materials and their drying rate.

approval_status: approved

en: PSI Data Catalog

de: PSI Data Catalog

fr: PSI Data Catalog

it: PSI Data Catalog

political_level: other

state: active

type: organization

psi

capacity: public

de: PSI Open Data Provider

type: dataset

key: guid

key: uri

value: DCAT Harvester SciCat

envi

de: Umwelt

en: Environment

fr: Environnement

it: Ambiente


en:
X-ray linear dichroism and X-ray birefringence microscopy are yet to be fully utilized as instruments in the microstructural characterization of crystalline materials. These datasets are obtained from the first demonstration of analyzer-free X-ray linear dichroism microscopy using spectroscopic hard X-ray ptychography. Analysis of these data enabled a spectroscopic and microstructural characterization of polycrystalline vanadium pentoxide on the nanoscale, outside of diffraction-contrast based methods.
This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project numbers PZ00P2_179886 and 200021_178788).

en: Dataset: Nanoscale crystal grain characterization via linear polarization X-ray ptychography


en:
The performance of functional materials is either driven or limited by nanoscopic heterogeneities distributed throughout the material’s volume. To better our understanding of these materials, we need characterization tools that allow us to determine the nature and distribution of these heterogeneities in their native geometry in 3D. These datasets contain measurements of pristine and industrially used vanadium phosphorous oxide (VPO) catalysts. The experiments were conducted using combined method of x-ray near-edge spectroscopy, ptychographic x-ray computed nanotomography, and sparsity techniques. The method allows the acquisition of quantitative multimodal tomograms of representative sample volumes at sub–30 nm half-period spatial resolution within practical acquisition times, which enables local structure refinements in complex geometries.
This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project numbers PZ00P2_179886 and 200021_178788).

en: Dataset: Sparse ab initio x-ray transmission spectrotomography for nanoscopic compositional analysis of functional materials


en: The recently discovered superconducting nickelates are already looking quite different to their cousins, the cuprates. One big reason is the magnetic order. First, the undoped parent compound NdNiO2 appears to be non-magnetic, unlike the undoped cuprates, which are antiferromagnetic. Secondly, the hole-doped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 seems to host antiferromagnetic order as well as superconductivity and these coexisting phenomena are rare in hole-doped cuprates. Low energy muon spin relaxation provides the ideal tool to probe the magnetism in this new family of superconductors.

en: Determining the nature of the magnetism in infinite layer nickelate superconductors


en: Incomplete cancellation of collinear antiparallel spins gives rise to ferrimagnetism. Even if the oppositely polarized spins are owing to the equal number of a single magnetic element having the same valence state, in principle, a ferrimagnetic state can still arise from the crystallographic inequivalence of the host ions. However, experimental identification of such a state as “ferrimagnetic” is not straightforward because of the tiny magnitude expected for M and the requirement for a sophisticated technique to differentiate similar magnetic sites. We report a synchrotron-based x-ray investigation on an epitaxial film of CaFe2O4, which exhibits two magnetic phases with similar energies, performed at the Fe L2,3 edges. We find that while one phase of CaFe2O4 is antiferromagnetic, the other one is “ferrimagnetic” with an antiparallel arrangement of an equal number of spins between two distinct crystallographic sites with very similar local coordination environments. Our results further indicate two distinct origins of an overall minute M; one is intrinsic, from distinct Fe3+ sites, and the other one is extrinsic, arising from defective Fe2+ likely forming weakly-coupled ferrimagnetic clusters. These two origins are uncorrelated and have very different coercive fields. Hence, this work provides a direct experimental demonstration of “ferrimagnetism” solely due to crystallographic inequivalence of the Fe3+ as the origin of the weak M of CaFe2O4.

en: Ferrimagnetism in CaFe2O4


en: In this dataset the catalytic fast pyrolysis of three methoxyphenol isomers was investigated over HZSM-5 catalyst. The data is part of a manuscript submitted to the journal Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., entitled " Operando PEPICO unveils the catalytic fast pyrolysis mechanism of the three methoxyphenol isomers". This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number 200021_178952).

en: Dataset: Operando PEPICO unveils the catalytic fast pyrolysis mechanism of the three methoxyphenol isomers


en: In this dataset the methanol to olefin reaction was investigated over H-ZSM-5 catalyst using Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence (PEPICO) coincidence techniques. The data is part of a manuscript submitted to the journal Angewandte Chemie, entitled " Ketenes in the Induction of the Methanol-to-Olefins Process". This publication was created as part of NCCR Catalysis, a National Centre of Competence in Research funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.

en: Dataset: Ketenes in the Induction of the Methanol-to-Olefins Process


en: In the corresponding article to these data sets, we explore the flow dynamics for two-phase flow in a porous medium (a bioclastic carbonate rock). We use state-of-the-art synchrotron X-ray tomography to capture the fluid dynamics within the pore space, with a temporal resolution of 1 s. The rock sample was initially saturated with brine (DI water doped with 15%wt. KI) before brine and nitrogen gas were injected simultaneously. As the gas establishes a path through the pore space, the flow dynamics are transient. Eventually, an equilibrium is established, where the gas saturation oscillates about a constant mean value; this is referred to as steady state. There are 9 data sets, with all the dynamics captured during steady state. We explore 3 total flow rates (brine flow rate + nitrogen flow rate): 0.1ml/min, 0.4ml/min, 0.7ml/min. With 3 fractional flows (brine flow rate / total flow rate) explored for each total flow rate: 0.85, 0.7 and 0.5. The images were captured with a voxel size of 2.75 µm3. In these data sets we observe the development of intermittent flow pathways, and the stability of these pathways when perturbed by a change in the flow rate .

en: The development and stability of intermittent fluid flow pathways during multiphase flow in porous media - initial state data


en: Understanding the ultrashort time scale structural dynamics of the FeRh metamagnetic phase transition is a key element in developing a complete explanation of the mechanism driving the evolution from an antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state. Using an X‐ray free electron laser we determine, with sub‐ps time resolution, the time evolution of the (–101) lattice diffraction peak following excitation using a 35 fs laser pulse. The dynamics at higher laser fluence indicates the existence of a transient lattice state distinct from the high temperature ferromagnetic phase. By extracting the lattice temperature and comparing it with values obtained in a quasi‐static diffraction measurement, we estimate the electron–phonon coupling in FeRh thin films as a function of laser excitation fluence. A model is presented which demonstrates that the transient state is paramagnetic and can be reached by a subset of the phonon bands. A complete description of the FeRh structural dynamics requires consideration of coupling strength variation across the phonon frequencies.

en: Raw data of the SACLA XFEL experiment 2021/05, Proposal Number: 2021A8026 on FeRh (Determination of sub‐ps lattice dynamics in FeRh thin films)

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: We present a detailed atomistic picture of the oxidation mechanism of Co nanoparticles and its impact on magnetism by experimentally following the evolution of the structure, chemical composition, and magnetism of individual, gas-phase grown Co nanoparticles during controlled oxidation. The early stage oxidation occurs in a two-step process characterized by (i) the initial formation of small CoO crystallites randomly distributed across the nanoparticle surface, until their coalescence leads to structural completion of the oxide shell and passivation of the metallic core; (ii) progressive conversion of the CoO shell to Co3O4, accompanied by void formation due to the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. The Co nanoparticles remain highly reactive toward oxygen during phase (i), demonstrating the absence of a pressure gap whereby a low reactivity at low pressures is postulated. Our results provide an important benchmark for an improved understanding of the magnetism of oxidized cobalt nanoparticles, with potential implications on their performance in catalytic reactions.

en: Absence of a pressure gap and atomistic mechanism of the oxidation of pure Co nanoparticles

en: PSI Data Catalog

en: Environment


chiral-phonons-probed-by-x-rays

en: The concept of quasiparticles is a landmark of condensed matter physics. The symmetry of quasiparticles is of particular importance to attaining emergent phenomena in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium states. Whereas recent exploration has demonstrated chiral fermions and their relevance in emergent phenomena closely relating to topology, the experimental verification of chiral phonons (bosons) remains challenging despite their expected strong impact on fundamental physical properties. Here we show experimental proof of chiral phonons by means of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering with circularly polarized X rays. We show how intrinsically chiral circularly polarized X rays couple to circular phonons at different positions in reciprocal space, principally being able to determine the chiral dispersion of a lattice mode. Our experimental proof of chiral phonons demonstrates a new degree of freedom in condensed matter that is not only of fundamental importance but also of inspiring unconventional ideas to extract emergent phenomena.

en: Chiral phonons probed by X rays

title_for_slug: chiral-phonons-probed-by-x-rays


en: In the associated article to these datasets, we describe a new genus and species of probable lauralean relationship, together with a new fossil related to Virginianthus from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock mesofossil flora from Virginia, USA. A further specimen is also described from the Early Cretaceous Drewry’s Bluff mesofossil flora, also collected in Virginia. The fossils are lignitized (PP56524, PP56559, PP57029) or charcoalified (PP54167, 57027, PP57673) and preserved in the preanthetic stage as floral buds. Internal details were studied using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy at the TOMCAT Beamline, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland. The flower buds are small and delicate, preserved as lignitized and charcoalified specimens highly suitable for SRXTM. The new lauralean fossil is characterized by a tetramerous and whorled arrangement of floral parts with at least six whorls of perianth parts and two whorls of stamens. The perianth is inserted on the outside of a distinct floral cup (hypanthium) and on the rim of the hypanthium. The androecium is also borne on the rim of the hypanthium. The gynoecium consists of three carpels that are free from each other but fused to the inside of the hypanthium wall. Each carpel has many ovules borne along two ventral placentae. The Virginianthus-like fossil has floral organs in a distinct spiral arrangement on the rim of a distinct floral cup with about 12 perianth parts and numerous stamens and possibly staminodes. The new lauralean fossil shows a mosaic of features shared by several modern groups and cannot be placed unequivocally in any extant family or order, but the overall combination of features indicates a position among magnoliid angiosperms, probably close to the base of the Laurales. The Virginianthus-like fossil is more straightforward to place and appears closely related to the lauralean family Calycanthaceae.

en: Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy datasets for multipartite and cupulate flowers from Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras of Virginia, USA


en: The data available here consists of XPEEM and HR-STEM raw data that was used for a publication entitled "Absence of a pressure gap and atomistic mechanism of the oxidation of pure Co nanoparticles" by Jaianth Vijayakumar, Tatiana M. Savchenko, David M. Bracher, Gunnar Lumbeeck, Armand Beche, Jo Verbeeck, Stefan Vajda, Frithjof Nolting, C.A.F. Vaz, and Armin Kleibert. A detailed list of contents is provided in the "Content of source files and raw data collection" document.

en: Raw data for publication: "Absence of a pressure gap and atomistic mechanism of the oxidation of pure Co nanoparticles"


en: The binding and release of ligands from their protein targets is central to fundamental biological processes as well as to drug discovery. Photopharmacology introduces chemical triggers that allow the changing of ligand affinities and thus biological activity by light. Insight into the molecular mechanisms of photopharmacology is largely missing because the relevant transitions during the light-triggered reaction cannot be resolved by conventional structural biology. Using time-resolved serial crystallography at a synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser, we have captured the release of azo-combretastatin A4 and the resulting conformational changes in tubulin. Nine structural snapshots from 1 ns to 100 ms complemented by simulations show how cis-to-trans isomerization of the azobenzene bond leads to a switch in ligand affinity, opening of an exit channel, and collapse of the binding pocket upon ligand release. The resulting global backbone rearrangements are related to the action mechanism of tubulin-binding drugs against gout, cancer, and COVID-19.

en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 10 nanoseconds after photoactivation.


en: Vision is initiated by the rhodopsin family of light-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). A photon is absorbed by the 11-cis retinal chromophore of rhodopsin which isomerises within 200 femtoseconds to the all-trans conformation, thereby initiating the cellular signal transduction processes that ultimately lead to vision. However, the intramolecular mechanism by which the photoactivated retinal induces the activation events inside rhodopsin remains elusive. In this work, we use ultrafast time-resolved crystallography at room temperature to determine how an isomerised twisted all-trans retinal stores the photon energy required to initiate protein conformational changes associated with the formation of the G protein-binding signalling state. The distorted retinal at 1 ps time-delay of photoactivation has pulled away from half of its numerous interactions with its binding pocket, and the excess of the photon energy is released through an anisotropic protein breathing motion in the direction of the extracellular space. Strikingly, the very early structural motions in the protein side chains of rhodopsin appear in regions involved in later stages of the conserved Class A GPCR activation mechanism. Our work sheds light on the earliest stages of vision in vertebrates and points to fundamental aspects of the molecular mechanisms of agonist-mediated GPCR activation.

en: ULTRAFAST STRUCTURAL CHANGES DIRECT THE FIRST MOLECULAR EVENTS OF VISION. Gruhl et al. 2023, Nature.


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 1 nanosecond after photoactivation.


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 100 nanoseconds after photoactivation.


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 1 microsecond after photoactivation.

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 100 microseconds after photoactivation.


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 1 millisecond after photoactivation.

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 10 milliseconds after photoactivation.

envi

en: Environment


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: Apo state


en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: Dark state


en:
In this dataset the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP)  was investigated over BN and VOx catalysts using Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence
(PEPICO) coincidence techniques. The data is part of a manuscript submitted to the Journal of the American Chemical Society , entitled " Unraveling Radical and Oxygenate Routes in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane over Boron Nitride". This publication was created as part of NCCR Catalysis, a National Centre of
Competence in Research funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.  The folders contain mass spectra and threshold photoelectron raw data at different reactor temperatures. To analyse the data please download the following program: https://www.psi.ch/en/media/80480/download?attachment

en: Dataset to: Unraveling Radical and Oxygenate Routes in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane over Boron Nitride


en: Gas-liquid two-phase flow is a very complex physical system. It is essential to study the physical interactions between gas and liquid phases, towards improving the modeling of the interfacial transport terms between the two phases. Higher resolution experimental data is essential for CFD quality closure model development. The two-phase flow behavior is highly influenced by flow conditions and the interaction between the bubbles of different sizes and different velocities. Currently, the prediction of bubble size distribution, bubble velocity and interfacial area concentration remain the most challenging tasks in analyzing the transport phenomena and simulating the turbulent bubble flows. Accordingly, several experiments have been conducted in tube bundles such as SUBFLOW at PSI. The SUBFLOW test facility is one of the very few facilities in the world that use Wire Mesh Sensors (WMS) to investigate the two-phase flow characteristics in tube bundles. In this work, we have reconstructed and recommissioned the SUBFLOW test facility, and utilize it to generate new data to extend the two-phase flow validation database, which includes void fraction, bubble distribution and bubble velocity measurement in a tube bundle. Separately, this paper also explains the WMS post processing techniques. Several WMS post-processing frameworks are available at PSI. The presented results show the variation between the different post-processing toolkits, as well as a comparison against previous SUBFLOW experimental data was conducted to verify the consistency of the recommissioning of SUBFLOW facility.

en: Experimental Study for High Reynolds’ Gas-Liquid Two-phase Flow through rod bundle using Wire Mesh Sensor (WMS)

stars

display_name: stars

subflow

display_name: subflow


en: This dataset has been used in the work titled ‘Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain’ by Gilgannon et al. (2023). It was acquired at the TOMCAT beamline as part of a long term science proposal called ‘Implementing novel X-ray transparent triaxial deformation rigs to study fluid-rock interaction at mid-crustal conditions’. This research was funded through NERC standard grant NE/T001615/1.

en: Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain - sample VA19


en: Calibrated and reconstructed data for the SciFi sub-detector of the Mu3e experiment


en: The files contain the calibrated and reconstructed data collected during test beam campaigns at PSI in 2020 and 2021 intended to characterize the performance of the SciFi subdetector of the Mu3e experiment

en: Development of the Scintillating Fiber Timing Detector for the Mu3e Experiment


en: Electromagnons are emergent collective excitations that involve both vibrational and magnetic characters, arising from strong coupling between the lattice and spins. Although previous experimental studies have successfully observed the spin dynamics of a coherent electromagnon, the associated atomic motions have not been directly observed. Here we use time-resolved hard X-ray diffraction to directly measure the ultrafast structural motion following the excitation of a coherent electromagnon by an intense THz pulse in a multiferroic hexaferrite. Comparing the dynamics of two different components, one striking outcome is the different phase shifts relative to the driving field, gives deeper insights into the excitation process of the electromagnons. The observation of combined lattice and magnetization dynamics of the electromagnon resonance paves the way to access the magnetoelectric coupling strength in ultrafast timescales, which remains a missing fundamental parameter for ultrafast control of magnetism in multiferroics.

en: Non-equilibrium dynamics of spin-lattice coupling

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


dataset-phd-thesis-zeyou-pan

en: In this dataset all experimental data of the PhD work of Zeyou Pan is published. The dataset contains raw and derived data. This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number 200021_178952).

en: Dataset: PhD Thesis Zeyou Pan

en: PSI Data Catalog

title_for_slug: dataset-phd-thesis-zeyou-pan


en: Dark and light CrystFEL stream files for every timepoint collected during beamtime 19638

en: stream files produced from experiment p19638

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en:
We report the successful operation of a functional pixel detector with gaseous helium cooling. Using an accurate
mock-up beforehand, the cooling was validated. We use a miniature turbo compressor to propel the helium at 2 g/s
under ambient pressure conditions with gas temperatures above 0 °C. Our earlier results based on computational fluid
dynamics simulations and a much simpler mock-up are confirmed. With this, we paved the path to cool pixel detectors in
experimental particle physics at heat densities up to 400 mW/cm2 using helium. This enables cooling of detectors with
very low mass requirements, minimising the effects of multiple Coulomb scattering effectively. The concept presented
here is not limited to pixel detector applications and can be used to cool any surface with comparable heat-densities,
only limited by shaping the helium gas flow.

en: Successful cooling of a pixel tracker using gaseous helium: studies with a mock-up and a detector prototype.

en: pixel mu3e myon helium

helium

display_name: helium

myon

display_name: myon

pixel

display_name: pixel


en: The article associated with the datasets provided here presents a summary of the diverse and abundant occurrence of chloranthoid fossils from Cretaceous strata, along with the description of three new genera from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal and North America; the pistillate floral structures of Swamyflora and Wasmyflora and the staminate floral structures of Asterostemon. All three genera are related to extant Hedyosmum and extinct Hedyflora. The diversity of extinct chloranthoids during the Cretaceous is considerable and has revealed a number of unexpected features that help clarify the evolution of several unusual floral features of extant Chloranthaceae. Swamyflora and Wasmyflora, together with the previously described fossils of Hedyflora, are of particular importance in understanding the divergent seed coat anatomy and unusual hypanthial outgrowths of extant Hedyosmum. The description of the new Hedyosmum-like fossils is based on synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) of seven specimens of Swamyflora (PP56596, PP57072, PP57073, PP57100, PP57101, PP57106, PP57747 from the Puddledock mesofossil flora) and one specimen of Wasmyflora (S266319 from the Vale de Água mesofossil flora). The datasets supporting the descriptions are provided here together with datasets for four specimens of Hedyflora also studied using SRXTM (Hedyflora crystallifera: S172328 from the Buarcos mesofossil flora and S174186 from the Vale de Água mesofossil flora; Hedyflora sp. A: PP44116 from the Puddledock mesofossil flora; Hedyflora sp. B: PP54022 from Kenilworth mesofossil flora).

en: Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy datasets for Early Cretaceous Hedyosmum-like fossils from Portugal and North America


en: NavCt crystal pictures taken by light microscope at the PSI crystallisation facility.

en: 3D Crystal pictures of NavCT voltage-gated sodium channel


en: Test of scicat

en: Test 2


en: In this dataset the catalytic fast pyrolysis of ortho-methoxyphenol isomers was investigated over different zeolites. The data is part of a manuscript submitted to the journal Nat. Commun., entitled " Tuning the Zeolite Acidity Enables Selectivity Control by Suppressing Ketene Formation in Lignin Catalytic Pyrolysis". This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number 200021_178952).

en: Data: Tuning the Zeolite Acidity Enables Selectivity Control by Suppressing Ketene Formation in Lignin Catalytic Pyrolysis


en: The article linked to the datasets provided here describes a diverse assemblage of fossil mosses retrieved from the Early Cretaceous Catefica mesofossil flora, Portugal. The Catefica mesofossil flora is mainly dominated by angiosperm remains such as flowers, fruits and seeds. Mosses constitute a minor part of the flora. However, the mosses are systematically varied and informative, and they add important new information for understanding the diversification of the group through geological time. The fossil mosses from Catefica comprise three-dimensional charcoalified and lignitized fragments of gametophytes with leaves still attached and a single capsule. Twenty-four specimens were studied at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source of the Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland. The analyses were carried out using a x10 objective with isotropic pixel size of 0.65 μm (S156534, S156535, S266374–S266379, S266383–S266392) or a x20 objective with isotropic pixel size of 0.325 μm (S171522, S174251, S266084, S266380–S266382). Together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) analyses have revealed excellent morphology and cellular details that allow the recognition of seven new, extinct species accommodated in six genera. Three of the species can with confidence be placed in extant genera, while four are assigned to new, extinct genera. The species are distributed among four orders of extant mosses, Sphagnales, Polytrichales, Diphysciales and Dicranales, representing three classes, Sphagnopsida, Polytrichopsida and Bryopsida. Diphysciales being reported from Mesozoic strata for the first time. It is significant that although the Catefica mosses are diverse, they all document the presence of taxa from the basal grade of moss phylogeny, and all fossils belong to lineages that diverged prior to the diversification of the Bryidae, the most diverse clade of living mosses.

en: Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy datasets for Early Cretaceous mosses from the Catefica mesofossil flora, Portugal

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: The goal of the proposed experiment is to visualize and quantitatively describe the melt pool formation, its dynamics and formation of defects during Selective Laser Melting (SLM) manufacturing of alumina using operando synchrotron tomography. SLM manufacturing is a complex process that due to extremely fast melting, solidification and cooling cannot be explained by classical thermodynamic analysis.  This experiment will provide information, which was not accessible so far, but is a key to advance our understanding in laser additive manufacturing. For this purpose, an in-house built miniaturized SLM device for 3D printing alumina will be installed and used at the TOMCAT beamline for the first operando 3D imaging experiment, which will give direct insight into melt pool dynamics and defect formation occurring during SLM manufacturing

en: High-resolution time-resolved tomography of Selective Laser Melting of alumina

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: Data to reproduce the experiments described in the paper: "Image2Reg: Linking Chromatin Images to Gene Regulation using Genetic perturbations screens" by Daniel Paysan, Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan, G.V. Shivashankar and Caroline Uhler. The raw imaging data from Rohban et al. (2017) and from the Joint Undertaking in Morphological Profiling Cell Painting Consortium (Chandrasekaran et al., 2023) used in the study was obtained from IDR0033 available at "http://idr-demo.openmicroscopy.org/webclient/?show=screen-1751" , respectively from the Cell Painting Gallery on the Registry of Open Data on AWS "https://registry.opendata.aws/cellpainting-gallery/". Please note that these data resources need to be appropriately referenced if this dataset is used. Please refer to the above mentioned paper for a complete list of the used data sets.

en: Data set for the manuscript: Image2Reg - Linking Chromatin Images to Gene Regulation using Genetic Perturbation Screens

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en: We present a detailed study of the magnetic, spectroscopic and structural properties of ultrathin LaMnO3 films deposited on SrTiO3(001) substrates by oxide molecular beam epitaxy. We find that the as-grown LaMnO3 films are slightly reduced and present a significant magnetic moment, while annealing to 600 oC fully oxidises and enhances its magnetic properties. From synchrotron x-ray photoemission spectromicroscopy, we find the presence of Sr, Ca and Si in the LaMnO3 film that diffuse from the SrTiO3 substrate; these impurities act as hole dopants, and can explain the presence of ferromagnetism in LaMnO3. This work highlights the importance of cation mobility at the elevated growth temperature in modifying the magnetic properties of ultrathin LaMnO3 films.

en: Role of interdiffusion on the magnetism of ultrathin LaMnO3 films


en: Acoustic levitation has attracted attention in terms of chemical and biochemical analysis in combination with various analytical methods because of its unique container-less environment for samples that is not reliant on specific material characteristics. However, loading samples with very high viscosity is difficult. To expand the scope, we propose the use of polymer thin films as sample holders, whereby the sample is dispensed on a film that is subsequently loaded onto an acoustic levitator. When applied for protein crystallography experiments, rotation controllability and positional stability are important prerequisites. We therefore study the acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films with an aspect ratio (the diameter-to-thickness ratio) of 80–240, which is an order of magnitude larger than those reported previously. For films with empirically optimized shapes, we find that it is possible to control the rotation speed in the range of 1–4 rotations per second while maintaining a positional stability of 12 ± 5 µm. The acoustic radiation force acting on the films is found to be a factor of 26–30 higher than that for same-volume water droplets. We propose use cases of the developed films for protein crystallography experiments and demonstrate data collections for large single crystal samples at room temperature.

en: Data for Acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films and their application for room temperature protein crystallography


en: The small size, the location (embedded in the temporal bone), and the tiny movements of the three ossicles of the human middle ear make the study of sound transmission through the human auditory system extremely challenging. From the encouraging results of our previous investigations with dynamic synchrotron-based phase-contrast microtomography (proposal 20200954), we aim to further characterize the biomechanics of the human middle ear. The goal is to stimulate the middle ear with a broad range of sound frequencies, covering a wider spectrum of the human voice, together with a range of sound intensities meeting physiological criteria.

en: DYNAMITE: DYNamic phAse-contrast MIcro-Tomography of the human middle Ear


en:
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a pre-invasive tumor that can give rise to invasive breast cancer, a
leading cause of cancer death. We generated a large-scale tissue microarray imaging dataset, stained for
chromatin using DAPI, from 560 tissue samples from 122 patients at 3 disease stages and 11 phenotypic
categories of the tumor during DCIS progression. We investigated what cell or tissue features mark DCIS
progression and if such features could be obtained from chromatin images alone without the use of
highly multiplexed staining or high-throughput sequencing. Using unsupervised representation learning
methods, we identified eight distinct morphological cell states just based on the chromatin images and
showed that these distinct cell states were associated with interpretable nuclear and chromatin features.
All cell states were observed in all 3 disease stages and 11 phenotypic categories with different
proportions, indicating that cell states that are enriched in invasive cancer already exist in small fractions
in normal breast tissue. Tissue-level analysis revealed that the spatial organization of the cell states, in
terms of a cell state’s position relative to the ducts and relative to each other, were significantly altered
during DCIS progression. Importantly, we showed that disease stage and phenotypic category could be
accurately predicted just based on statistics of cell state neighborhoods. Collectively, our analysis
demonstrates that chromatin imaging represents a powerful measure of cell state and disease stage of
DCIS, thereby providing a simple and effective imaging-based biomarker for tumor progression.

en: Imaging data related to the paper "Unsupervised representation learning of chromatin images identifies changes in cell state and tissue organization during DCIS progression"


en: Many environmental and industrial processes depend on how fluids displace each other in porous materials. However, the flow dynamics that govern this process are still poorly understood. This dataset introduces a novel 4D micro-velocimetry method to study this, based on tracking flow-tracing micro-particles  (silver-coated hollow glass spheres of 10 µm diameter) using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography with fast imaging rates. The measurement was done at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source. The dataset pertains to unsteady-state multiphase flow in a porous sintered glass filter sample, in which a non-wetting phase (silicon oil) was injected at constant rate to displace the wetting phase (water doped with potassium iodide: 10%wt KI brine). The tracer particles were dispersed in the non-wetting phase. The dataset spans a time window of 50 seconds during which 200 tomograms were acquired (i.e. 4 Hz imaging rate), each with a 2.75 micrometer voxel size. During this time window, the dynamics prior, during and after a Haines jump were captured. We provide reconstructions without phase retrieval which maximize the contrast between the tracer particles and the non-wetting phase, and reconstructions with Paganin phase retrieval that maximize the contrast between the non-wetting and the wetting phase. The data shows that Haines jumps cause perturbations to the 3D flow field in the porous medium and makes it possible to investigate the non-equilibrium energy dynamics.

en: 4D X-ray micro-velocimetry data of multiphase flow perturbations in porous media


en: We report the observation of fully magnetically polarized ultrathin La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 films by using LaMnO3 and La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 buffer layers grown epitaxially on SrTiO3(001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Specifically, we show that La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 films grown on 12-unit-cell LaMnO3 have bulk-like magnetic moments starting from a single unit cell thickness, while for the 15-unit-cell La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 buffer layer, the La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 transitions from an antiferromagnetic state to a fully spin-polarized ferromagnetic state at 4 unit cells. The magnetic results are confirmed by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, while linear dichroic measurements carried out for the La0.8Sr0.2MnO3/La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 series show the presence of an orbital reorganization at the transition from the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state corresponding to a change from a preferred in-plane orbital hole occupancy, characteristic of the A-type antiferromagnetic state of La0.45Sr0.55MnO3, to preferentially out of plane. We interpret our findings in terms of the different electronic charge transfers between the adjacent layers, confined to the unit cell in the case of insulating LaMnO3 and extended to a few unit cells in the case of conducting La0.45Sr0.55MnO3. Our work demonstrates an approach to growing ultrathin mixed-valence manganite films that are fully magnetically polarized from the single unit cell, paving the way to fully exploring the unique electronic properties of this class of strongly correlated oxide materials.

en: Fully Magnetically Polarized Ultrathin La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 Films

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en:
001 - UV-Vis spectra JSR1 reconstituted with all-trans retinal, 9-cis retinal, ATR6.11 and 9CR6.11
002 - UV-Vis spectra of JSR1 reconstituted with ATR6.11 and 9CR6.11, before and after acid denaturation
003 - UV-Vis spectra of JSR1 reconstituted with ATR6.11, after addition of hydroxylamine
004 - UV-Vis spectra of JSR1 reconstituted with 9CR6.11, after addition of hydroxylamine
005 - UV-Vis spectra of illuminated JSR/ATR6.11 and JSR/9CR6.11
006 - GTPase Glo Assay data measuring catalysis of nucleotide exchange in human G protein heterotrimers by JSR1/ATR6.11, JSR/9CR6.11 and JSR/9-cis retinal, with and without illumination
007 - Size exclusion chromatograms JSR1/ATR6.11 after incubations with human Gi or human Gq heterotrimers
008 - SDS-PAGE analysis of size exclusion chromatography peaks with JSR/ATR6.11 and human Gi or human Gq heterotrimers

en: Datasets relating to characterisation of Jumping Spider Rhodopsin-1 after reconstitution with retinal and retinal analogues

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: Reconstruction code for burst ptychography and tomography used at the at the cSAXS beamline, Swiss Light Source in Paul Scherrer Institute.

en: X-ray Tomography of a Data Processing Chip at 4 nm Resolution

en: Environment


en: Data of a computer chip obtained by using Ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT) with a 4.2 nm voxel size in 3D. The sample pillar diameter was 5 micrometers and the sample was acquired at the cSAXS beamline, Swiss Light Source in Paul Scherrer Institute.


en:
Two-dimensional magnetic materials attract a lot of attention since
they potentially exhibit new magnetic properties due to, e.g., strongly
enhanced spin fluctuations. However, the suppression of the long-range
magnetic order in two dimensions due to long-wavelength spin fluctuations,
as suggested by the Mermin-Wagner theorem, has been questioned
for finite-size laboratory samples. Here we study the magnetic properties
of a dimensional crossover in superlattices composed of the antiferromagnetic
LaFeO3 and SrTiO3 that, thanks to their large lateral size, allowed
examination using a sensitive magnetic probe — muon spin rotation spectroscopy.
We show that the iron electronic moments in superlattices with
3 and 2 monolayers of LaFeO3 exhibit a static antiferromagnetic order. In
contrast, in the superlattices with single LaFeO3 monolayer, the moments
do not order and fluctuate to the lowest measured temperature as expected
from the Mermin-Wagner theorem. Our work shows how dimensionality
can be used to tune the magnetic properties of ultrathin films.

en: Magnetic properties of LaFeO3/SrTiO3 superlattices


en: In this work, we map the charge carrier concentration as a function of depth and electric field across the SiO2/Si interface up to a depth of 100 nm in Si-based MOS capacitors using low-energy muons. The results show that the formation of the anisotropic bond-centered muonium MuBC state in Si serves as a direct measure of the local changes in electronic structures, which were detected and scanned for a range of depths. In general, any muonium state in a semiconductor can be used as a sensitive probe for the presence of free charge carriers. Therefore, our work represents a significant extension of the application of the muon spin rotation technique (μSR) and lays the foundation for further research on direct observation of charge carrier density manipulation at technologically important semiconductor device interfaces.

en: Charge carrier distribution observation and manipulation in Si-MOS


en: The evolution of the magnetic ground state of ultrathin 0–10 unit cells (uc) thick La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 films interfaced to an antiferromagnetic La0.45Sr0.55MnO3/SrTiO3(001) buffer layer was investigated with x-ray photoemission electron microscopy. For 0–3 uc La0.8Sr0.2MnO3, we observe antiferromagnetic domains but no ferromagnetic contrast, showing that nominally ferromagnetic La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 adopts the antiferromagnetic ground state of the buffer layer. For larger thicknesses, ferromagnetic domains emerge, confirming that the additional layers revert to the ferromagnetic ground state. We also observe a drastic increase in the complexity of the domain configuration between 3 and 5 uc, which we attribute to competing magnetic and electronic ground states in the system. We attribute the interfacial modified magnetic ground state to charge sharing at the interface due to the chemical potential mismatch, which leads to hole doping at the La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 interface. The present work sheds light on the impact of charge sharing at the interface of complex oxide materials, in particular on the magnetic and electronic states, and presents a strategy for modulating the electronic ground state properties at metallic interfaces.

en: Charge-exchange-driven interfacial antiferromagnetic ground state in La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 ultrathin films


en:
Tomographic data set of dynamic liquid water injection into SGL 24 BA gas diffusion layer

Data collected at TOMCAT beamline of SLS.

en: Tomographic data set of dynamic liquid water injection into SGL 25 BA gas diffusion layer

lamibracmularczyk-paper

display_name: lamibracmularczyk-paper

liquid-injection

display_name: liquid-injection

sgl

display_name: sgl

tomcat

display_name: tomcat


en:
Tomography data published in A. Mularczyk et al. (2020). 'Droplet and Percolation Network Interactions in a Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layer', Journal of The Electrochemical Society 167(8): 084506.  https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab8c85
#####
The tomographic data of liquid water observed in the flow field channel was used also in Andersson, M., et al. (2018). "Modeling and synchrotron imaging of droplet detachment in gas channels of polymer electrolyte fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 404: 159-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.10.021
###### The tomographic data of liquid water observed in the GDL and flow field channel was also used in Niblett, D., et al. (2020). "Two-phase flow dynamics in a gas diffusion layer - gas channel - microporous layer system." Journal of Power Sources 471: 228427.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228427
###### A small ROI segmentation around the water cluster in GDL of this dataset can be accessed under https://doi.org/10.16907/13dc29a3-733b-419b-ad61-838d17ddfa47
###### The Large ROI segmentation of this dataset can be accessed under https://doi.org/10.16907/a27fda1c-e6bb-47f0-ba14-31b407179756

en: Tomographic data set of dynamic liquid water injection into SGL 25 BA gas diffusion layer: Raw reconstruction


en:
Tomography data published in A. Mularczyk et al. (2020). 'Droplet and Percolation Network Interactions in a Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layer', Journal of The Electrochemical Society 167(8): 084506. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab8c85
###### The tomographic data of liquid water observed in the flow field channel was used also in Andersson, M., et al. (2018). "Modeling and synchrotron imaging of droplet detachment in gas channels of polymer electrolyte fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 404: 159-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.10.021
###### The tomographic data of liquid water observed in the GDL and flow field channel was also used in Niblett, D., et al. (2020). "Two-phase flow dynamics in a gas diffusion layer - gas channel - microporous layer system." Journal of Power Sources 471: 228427.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228427
###### A small ROI segmentation around the water cluster in GDL of this dataset can be accessed under https://doi.org/10.16907/13dc29a3-733b-419b-ad61-838d17ddfa47
###### The Raw CT data of this dataset can be accessed under https://doi.org/10.16907/63ac1a63-8ab6-4a92-be5a-db499c9e7e6a

en: Tomographic data set of dynamic liquid water injection into SGL 25 BA gas diffusion layer: Large ROI segmentation

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en:
Tomography data published in A. Mularczyk et al. (2020). 'Droplet and Percolation Network Interactions in a Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layer', Journal of The Electrochemical Society 167(8): 084506. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab8c85
######
The tomographic data of liquid water observed in the flow field channel was used also in Andersson, M., et al. (2018). "Modeling and synchrotron imaging of droplet detachment in gas channels of polymer electrolyte fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 404: 159-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.10.021
###### The tomographic data of liquid water observed in the GDL and flow field channel was also used in Niblett, D., et al. (2020). "Two-phase flow dynamics in a gas diffusion layer - gas channel - microporous layer system." Journal of Power Sources 471: 228427.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228427

######
The Large ROI segmentation of this dataset can be accessed under 	https://doi.org/10.16907/a27fda1c-e6bb-47f0-ba14-31b407179756
######
The Raw CT data of this dataset can be accessed under 	https://doi.org/10.16907/63ac1a63-8ab6-4a92-be5a-db499c9e7e6a

en: Tomographic data set of dynamic liquid water injection into SGL 25 BA gas diffusion layer: SmallROI segmentation

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: We investigate solvent effects in the hydrodeoxygenation of 4-propylguaiacol (4PG, 166 amu), a key lignin-derived monomer, over Ru/C catalyst by combined operando synchrotron photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. With and without isooctane co-feeding, ring-hydrogenated 2-methoxy-4-propylcyclohexanol (172 amu) is the first product, due to the favorable flat adsorption configuration of 4PG on the catalyst surface. In contrast, tetrahydrofuran (THF)—a polar aprotic solvent that is representative of those used for lignin solubilization and upgrading—strongly coordinates to the catalyst surface at the oxygen atom. This induces a local steric hindrance, blocking the flat adsorption of 4PG more effectively, as it needs more Ru sites than the tilted adsorption configuration revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. Therefore, THF suppresses benzene ring hydrogenation, favoring a demethoxylation route that yields 4-propylphenol (136 amu), followed by dehydroxylation to propylbenzene (120 amu). Solvent selection may provide new avenues to controlling catalytic selectivity.

en: Dataset: A Solution for 4-Propylguaiacol Hydrodeoxygenation without Ring Saturation

envi

en: Environment


en: Morphology and defects in 3D self-assembled diamond networks


en: The resonant excitation of electronic transitions with coherent laser sources creates quantum coherent superpositions of the involved electronic states. Most time-resolved studies have focused on gases or isolated subsystems embedded in insulating solids, aiming for applications in quantum information1–6. Here, we focus on the coherent control of orbital wavefunctions in the correlated quantum material Tb2Ti2O7, which forms an interacting spin liquid ground state. We show that resonant excitation with a strong THz pulse creates a coherent superposition of the lowest energy Tb 4f states. The coherence manifests itself as a macroscopic oscillating magnetic dipole, which is detected by ultrafast resonant x-ray diffraction. We envision the coherent control of orbital wavefunctions demonstrated here to become a new tool for the ultrafast manipulation and investigation of quantum materials.

en: Coherent control of rare earth 4f shell wavefunctions in the quantum spin liquid Tb2Ti2O7 Source Data


en: The interaction of magnetic order and spontaneous polarization is a fundamental coupling with the prospect for the control of electronic properties and magnetism. The connection among magnetic order, charge localization and associated metal-insulator transition (MIT) are cornerstones for materials control. Materials that combine both effects are therefore of great interest for testing models that claim the occurrence of spontaneous polarization from and magnetic charge order. One class of materials proposed to combine these functionalities is the family of RNiO3 (R: lanthanide or Y), whose members show a clear MIT and an antiferromagnetic ground state and for which an electric polarization has been predicted. Using resonant magnetic x-ray scattering with circular polarization and an applied electric field we show that YNiO3 possess a magnetic structure containing domains of spin-rotations that are consistent with an electric polarization. We show a reversal of the magnetic structure with the applied electric field confirming that charge ordered RNiO3 are magnetoelectric type II multiferroics with a MIT.

en: Magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic nickelate perovskite YNiO3


en: The data is part of a manuscript submitted to the journal Green Chemistry, entitled "Catalytic pyrolysis mechanism of lignin moieties driven by aldehyde, hydroxyl, methoxy, and allyl functionalization: the role of reactive quinone methide and ketene intermediates". [DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/d4gc03143a. This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number 200021_178952)

en: Dataset: Catalytic pyrolysis mechanism of lignin moieties driven by aldehyde, hydroxyl, methoxy, and allyl functionalization: the role of reactive quinone methide and ketene intermediates


en: Understanding the biomechanics of the human middle ear remains a challenge, primarily due to the auditory ossicles’ size, its location in the temporal bone, and subtle movements. In a recent study, dynamic synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography has been used on acoustically stimulated intact human ears, allowing the three-dimensional visualization of the ossicular chain in intact human ears for the first time. The implementation of a dedicated analysis pipeline has demonstrated the ability to resolve fast micromotions at 128 Hz for two acoustic stimuli (110 and 120 dB Sound Pressure Level (SPL)) on fresh-frozen human temporal bones. Measuring at lower sound pressure levels is challenging, because the ossicular vibrations become smaller, and the spatial resolution limit of the current detection system is reached. Increasing the spatial resolution without compromising the image quality or the temporal resolution would significantly extend the dynamic imaging capabilities. Here, a comparative study is conducted for a stimulation frequency of 128 Hz at 120 dB SPL between two synchrotron-based X-ray magnification setups: a 4x high NA macroscope (pixel size 2.75 \textmu m) versus a x10 high NA microscope (pixel size 1.1 \textmu m) in combination with the GigaFRoST fast read-out detector. It shows that an increase in resolution can indeed improve the detection of the micromovements, at the compromise of a more limited field of view.

en: High-resolution dynamic synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography of the human middle ear


en: In this paper we present a model system built out of artificially layered materials, allowing us to understand the interrelation of magnetic phases with the metallic-insulating phase at long length scales, and enabling new strategies for the design and control of materials in devices. The artificial model system consists of superlattices made of SmNiO3 and NdNiO3 layers, – two members of the fascinating rare earth nickelate family, having different metal-to-insulator and magnetic transition temperatures. By combining two complementary techniques—resonant elastic x-ray scattering and muon spin relaxation—we show how the magnetic order evolves, in this complex multicomponent system, as a function of temperature and superlattice periodicity. We demonstrate that the length scale of the coupling between the antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases is longer than that of the electronic metal-insulator phase transition—despite being subsidiary to it. This can be explained via a Landau theory—where the bulk magnetic energy plus a gradient cost between magnetic and nonmagnetic phases is considered. These results provide a clear understanding of the coupling of magnetic transitions in systems sharing identical order parameters.

en: Coupling of magnetic phases at nickelate interfaces (SNO-NNO)


en: In this study, we explore the intricate interplay between the electronic properties within the solid and field emission beams characteristics. By examining the fundamental principles governing field emission, we investigate how transverse momentum impact the propagation of the emitted electron beams. We demonstrate that transverse momentum and the spatial coherence of the emission source significantly affect beam properties, leading to notable changes in interference patterns.

en: Beam Divergence and Interference Characteristics of Field Emission Beam

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: Acoustic tweezers comprising a surface acoustic wave chip and a disposable silicon microfluidic chip are potentially advantageous to stable and cost-effective acoustofluidic experiments while avoiding the cross-contamination by reusing the surface acoustic wave chip and disposing of the microfluidic chip. For such a device, it is important to optimize the chip-to-chip bonding and the size and shape of the microfluidic chip to enhance the available acoustic pressure. In this work, aiming at studying samples with the size of a few tens of microns, we explore the device structure and assembly method of acoustic tweezers. By using a polymer bonding layer and shaping the silicon microfluidic chip via deep reactive ion etching, we were able to attain the acoustic pressure up to 2 MPa with a corresponding acoustic radiation pressure of 0.2 kPa for 50 MHz ultrasound, comparable to reported values at lower ultrasound frequencies. We utilized the fabricated acoustic tweezers for non-contact viscoelastic deformation experiments of soft matter and  trapping of highly motile cells. These results suggests that the feasibility of the hybrid chip approach to attaining the high acoustic force required to conduct acoustomechanical testing of small soft matters and cells.

en: Dataset for Surface-acoustic-wave driven silicon microfluidic chips for acoustic tweezing of motile cells and viscoelastic microbeads

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: Resonant X-ray diffraction (RXD) provides a unique capability to investigate electronic ordered states in matter. The circular dichroism in RXD can determine the absolute chirality formed by anisotropic multipole arrangement. Here, we demonstrate that the scattering interference between distinct atomic electric multipoles can create circular contrast in resonant RXD even in a non-chiral crystal. These general considerations are applied to 1T-TiSe2, where recently reported circular dichroism in RXD was used to claim chiral charge density wave order. We show that the experimental observations are well reproduced by our ab initio calculations on the basis of the centrosymmetric crystal structure. Our results not only illuminate a way for a better understanding of possible chiral electronic order but also propose a general approach to extract buried high-order atomic multipoles via circular contrast in RXD. Besides, we discuss the difference in the circular dichroism of RXD originated by crystal chirality in chiral crystals and the interference effect in non-chiral crystals.

en: Non-chiral 1T-TiSe2 creates circular dichroism in resonant X-ray diffraction via multipole scattering interference

en: Environment


en: In the corresponding article to these data sets, we explore the flow dynamics for two-phase flow in a porous medium (a bioclastic carbonate rock). We use state-of-the-art synchrotron X-ray tomography to capture the fluid dynamics within the pore space, with a temporal resolution of 1 s. The rock sample was initially saturated with brine (DI water doped with 15%wt. KI) before brine and nitrogen gas were injected simultaneously. As the gas establishes a path through the pore space, the flow dynamics are transient. Eventually, an equilibrium is established, where the gas saturation oscillates about a constant mean value; this is referred to as steady state. There are 9 data sets, with all the dynamics captured during steady state. We explore 3 total flow rates (brine flow rate + nitrogen flow rate): 0.1ml/min, 0.4ml/min, 0.7ml/min. With 3 fractional flows (brine flow rate / total flow rate) explored for each total flow rate: 0.85, 0.7 and 0.5. The images were captured with a voxel size of 2.75 µm3. In these data sets we observe the development of intermittent flow pathways, and the stability of these pathways when perturbed by a change in the flow rate .

en: Dynamic fluid interface rearrangement during steady-state multiphase flow in rocks


en: This dataset contains tomographic data (grayscale and segmented) of the commercial Fumasep bipolar membrane assembled in a CO2-electrolyzer. One sample is a fully functional cell, while the other does not contain catalyst layers to avoid metal artifacts. The samples were imaged in dry and water saturated state.

en: Laboratory source X-ray tomographic microscopy of bipolar membrane swelling in an assembled CO2-electrolyzer


cd-rixs-data-on-cuo

en: Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) has become a prominent technique to study quasiparticle excitations. With advances in polarization analysis capabilities at different facilities, RIXS offers exceptional potential for investigating symmetry-broken quasiparticles like chiral phonons and magnons. At optical wavelengths birefringence can severely affect polarization states in low-symmetry systems. Here we show its importance for soft x-ray resonances. Given the growing interest in Circular Dichroism (CD) in RIXS, it is important to evaluate how birefringence may affect the RIXS spectra of anisotropic systems. We investigate CuO, a well-known anisotropic material, using Cu L3-edge RIXS and detect significant CD in both magnetic and orbital excitations in the collinear antiferromagnetic phase. We demonstrate that the CD can be modeled by a proper treatment of RIXS scattering amplitudes derived from single-ion calculations with birefringence. Recognizing these effects is crucial for unambiguous identification of subtle dichroic effects induced by symmetry-broken quasiparticles. Furthermore, the combined sensitivity of RIXS and birefringence to local symmetry presents an opportunity to study microscopic changes driven by external perturbations.

en: CD RIXS data on CuO

title_for_slug: cd-rixs-data-on-cuo


en:
Background: The Thiel embalming method offers lifelike tissue preservation, yet its suitability for biomechanical studies remains debated.
Methods: Here, we investigated two human temporal bones, one Thiel-fixed and one fresh-frozen, using dynamic synchrotron-based X-ray imaging under acoustic stimulation.

en: Comparison of Thiel-fixed and fresh-frozen temporal bones with dynamic synchrotron-based X-ray imaging


en: Chirality is a fundamental symmetry element existing at disparate scales and in many categories of scientific fields. Even though symmetry breaking is an indispensable concept for describing qualitatively distinct phenomena, symmetry cannot quantitatively predict measurable quantities. Since chirality is ternary, i.e., left-handed, right-handed, or achiral, the role of its “amplitude” in material properties is habitually not addressed. Considering the role of “amplitude” for time-reversal symmetry breaking, which can be described by magnetization, chirality amplitude is intuitively a key quantity for controlling emergent phenomena. Here, we propose two types of chiral order parameters and demonstrate the tunability of their amplitude at ultrafast timescales. Resonant X-ray diffraction with circular polarization is an established technique to measure crystal chirality directly. Extending this technique to the time domain, we quantify the ultrafast change in chirality amplitude in real time after an optical excitation. Besides, using a THz excitation, we observe oscillations in the resonant diffraction intensities with specific phonon frequencies. This indicates the creation of additional asymmetry, which could also be described as an enhancement in chirality amplitude. Our proposed concept of chirality amplitude and its ultrafast control may lead to a unique approach to control chirality-induced emergent phenomena at ultrafast timescales.

en: Tuning chirality amplitude at ultrafast timescales


en: The purpose of this experiment was to measure a brain specimen by nf-PXCT, with the aim to measure it afterwards at the ID16A beamline of the ESRF.

en: Raw datasets corresponding to the near-field ptychographic X-ray computed tomography acquisition of a resin-embedded, heavy-metal stained brain speciamen of about 100 micron diameter

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: Near-field PXCT dataset of a resin-embedded, heavy meatal stained brain specimen of about 100 micron diameter. The same sample was measured afterwards at the ID16A beamline of he ESRF

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: The MEG II experiment, based at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland, reports the result of a search for the decay μ^+->e^+γ from data taken in the first physics run in 2021. No excess of events over the expected background is observed, yielding an upper limit on the branching ratio of B(μ^+->e^+γ) < 7.5 x 10^-13 (90% CL). The combination of this result and the limit obtained by MEG gives B(μ^+->e^+γ) < 3.1 x 10^-13 (90% CL), which is the most stringent limit to date. A ten-fold larger sample of data is being collected during the years 2022–2023, and data-taking will continue in the coming years.

en: A search for  μ^+ -> e^+ γ  with the first dataset of the MEG II experiment

en: physics aod offline database meg2

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display_name: database

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display_name: offline

physics

display_name: physics


en: Van der Waals (vdW) materials exhibit a variety of states that can be switched with low power at low temperatures, offering a viable cryogenic "flash memory" required for the classical control electronics for solid-state quantum information processing. In 1T-TaS2, a non-volatile metallic 'hidden' state can be induced from an insulating equilibrium charge-density wave ground state using either optical or electrical pulses. Given that conventional memristors form localized, filamentary channels which support the current, a key question for design concerns the geometry of the conduction region in highly energy-efficient 1T-TaS2 devices. Here, we report in operando micro-beam X-ray diffraction, fluorescence, and concurrent transport measurements, allowing us to spatially image the non-thermal hidden state induced by electrical switching of 1T-TaS2. Our results reveal a long-range ordered, non-filamentary switched state that extends well below the electrodes, implying that the self-organized, collective growth of the hidden phase is driven by a combination of charge flow and lattice strain. Our unique combination of techniques showcases the potential of non-destructive, three-dimensional X-ray imaging to study bulk switching properties in microscopic detail, namely electrical control of the vdW layer stacking.

en: Imaging of electrically controlled van der Waals layer stacking in 1T-TaS2

envi

en: Environment


en:
n this work, we introduce the first single-photon-counting hybrid pixel detec-27
tor capable of detecting X-ray energies as low as 550 eV, utilizing the internal28
amplification of Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) sensors. This detector is29
thoroughly characterized in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Detective Quan-30
tum Efficiency. We demonstrate its capabilities through ptychographic imaging31
at MAX IV 4th generation synchrotron light source at the Fe L3-edge (707 eV),32
showcasing the enhanced detection performance of the system. This development33
sets a new benchmark for soft X-ray applications at synchrotrons, paving the way34
for significant advancements in imaging and analysis at lower photon energies.

en: Single-photon counting pixel detector for soft X-rays - raw data


en: We have quantified the complex motion patterns of the human tympanic membrane during acoustic stimulation using dynamic synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography combined with non-rigid registration. Here, we present the datasets used in this study, which were measured at the TOMCAT Beamline X02DA of the Swiss Light Source (Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland). Three fresh-frozen samples were acoustically stimulated with frequencies ranging from 128 to 512 Hz and sound pressure level ranging from 120 to 151 dB. The datasets, which have 2.75 um pixel size, were reconstructed across 10 phases of motion. The non-rigid registration results, namely spatial transformations from one reference phase to all subsequent phases of motion, are also provided. The complex motion patterns showed displacement 'hot spots' in the posterosuperior quadrant of the tympanic membrane and the pars flaccida for all three specimens, though variation in displacement amplitudes strongly varied between specimens, ranging from <0.15 to nearly 2 um/Pa.

en: Dynamic synchrotron-based microtomography of human tympanic membrane motions


en: Raw data from dataset Y357_3dot_cSAXS_853_S14468-S15686, obtained at the cSAXS beamline at the Swiss Light Source during beamtime 20211852 (e19533).

en: Non-destructive X-ray tomography of brain tissue ultrastructure. Supporting raw data. Dataset Y357_3dot_cSAXS_853_S14468-S15686.


en: CT data (few raw slice time series, segmented dry and 1Hz operando cathode water) used Mularczyk, A., et al. (2021). 'Operando Liquid Pressure Determination in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells.' ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 13(29): 34003-34011. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c04560

en: Tomographic data set of 1Hz 4D imaging of water percolation and percolation path instability in Toray TGP-H-060 gas diffusion layer


en: This letter reports the result of the search for the decay mu+ -> e+ gamma undertaken at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland with the MEG II experiment using the data collected in the 2021–2022 physics runs. The sensitivity of the branching ratio measurement in this search is 2.2 \times 10^{-13}, a factor of 2.4 better than that of the full MEG dataset and obtained in a data taking period of about one fourth that of MEG, thanks to the superior performances of the new detector. The observed data are consistent with the expected background, yielding an upper limit on the branching ratio of mu+->e+gamma < 1.5 \times 10^{-13} (90% C.L.). Additional improvements are expected with the data collected during the years 2023–2024. The data-taking will continue in the coming years.

en: New limit on mu ^+ -> e^+ gamma decay with the MEG II experiment

en: database meg2 physics aod offline

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: Analyzing the structure and dynamics of the human middle ear is crucial for understanding biomechanics and improving clinical practice; however, characterizing the motion of middle ear structures is challenging due to their small sizes, location inside the temporal bone, and minute displacements. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray microtomography can visualize the entire intact middle ear with micrometer resolution and, combined with dynamic acquisition, reveal motion in response to acoustic stimulation. Unfortunately, access to synchrotron radiation facilities is limited, time-resolved experiments require specialized experimental setups, and handling the related TB-scale data volumes requires high performance computing infrastructure. Data sharing efforts can increase accessibility and encourage development of new research directions. Here, we share dynamic microtomography datasets of 12 of the same samples acquired during acoustic stimulation at a frequency of 128 Hz and sound pressure level of 120 dB. These datasets allow for the combined analysis of rich anatomical information and motion patterns across the entire middle ear.

en: Dynamic synchrotron X-ray microtomography of 12 intact human middle ears during acoustic stimulation

en: middle-ear time-resolved-imaging dynamic-x-ray-microtomography hearing-research

en: PSI Data Catalog

dynamic-x-ray-microtomography

display_name: dynamic-x-ray-microtomography

hearing-research

display_name: hearing-research

middle-ear

display_name: middle-ear

time-resolved-imaging

display_name: time-resolved-imaging


en: Analyzing the structure and dynamics of the human middle ear is crucial for understanding biomechanics and improving clinical practice; however, characterizing middle ear structures is challenging due to their small sizes, location inside the temporal bone, and minute displacements. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray microtomography can visualize both the soft and hard tissues of the entire intact middle ear with micrometer resolution. Unfortunately, access to synchrotron radiation facilities is limited and handling the related TB-scale data volumes requires high performance computing infrastructure. Data sharing efforts can increase accessibility and encourage development of new research directions. Here, we share static microtomography datasets covering the entire middle ear and surroundings for 15 fresh-frozen human temporal bones with voxel sizes of 2.75 or 5.8 µm. For convenience, we the data are re-oriented to an anatomical coordinate system where the main axis of the malleus runs approximately along the y-axis (from head to umbo) and the stapes runs approximately along the z-axis (from incudostapedial joint to footplate). These re-oriented volumes were cropped to the middle ear including joints, tendons, and ligaments. These datasets allow for the analysis of rich anatomical information across a range of specimens.

en: Anatomically oriented static synchrotron X-ray microtomography of 15 intact human middle ears

en: anatomy hearing-research synchrotron-radiation x-ray-microtomography middle-ear

envi

en: Environment

anatomy

display_name: anatomy

synchrotron-radiation

display_name: synchrotron-radiation

x-ray-microtomography

display_name: x-ray-microtomography


en: In the associated article to these datasets, we investigate the effect of lossy compression of original X-ray projections onto the final tomographic reconstructions. We demonstrate that a compression factor of at least 3-4x does generally not impact the reconstruction quality. Potentially, compression with this factor could therefore be used in a transparent way to the user community for instance prior to data archiving. Higher factors (6-8x) can be achieved for tomographic volumes with a high signal-to-noise ratio as it is the case for phase retrieved datasets.

en: Selection of representative datasets for data compression investigations


en: Raw data associated with the paper entitled 'Pinning of antiferromagnetic domain walls and domain structure in ultrathin La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 films'.


en:
The experimental realisation of unconventional superconductivity and charge order
in kagome systems AV3Sb5 is of critical importance. This work presents the most
systematic study to date, employing tuning parameters such as doping, hydrostatic
pressure, magnetic fields, and depth, using muon spin rotation, AC susceptibility, and
STM, to uncover tunable exotic magnetism in the normal state of Cs(V1−xNbx)3Sb5
with x=0.07 (Nb0.07-CVS), which transitions to a chiral superconducting state under
pressure. Our findings reveal that the bulk of Nb0.07-CVS (at depths >20 nm from the
surface) experiences time-reversal symmetry (TRS) breaking below T ∗ = 40 K, lower
than the charge order onset temperature, TCO = 58 K. However, near the surface (<20
nm), the TRS breaking signal doubles and onsets at TCO, indicating that Nb-doping
decouples TRS breaking from charge order in the bulk but synchronises them near
the surface. Additionally, Nb-doping raises the superconducting critical temperature
TC from 2.5 K to 4.4 K. Applying hydrostatic pressure enhances both TC and the
superfluid density by a factor of two, with a critical pressure pcr ≃ 0.85 GPa, suggesting
competition with charge order. Notably, above pcr, we observe nodeless electron pairing
and weak internal fields below TC, pointing to chiral superconducting pairing. Overall,
these results demonstrate a highly unconventional normal state with a tunable onset of
TRS breaking, and a transition to chiral superconductivity under low pressures, with
an unconventional correlation between TC and the superfluid density.

en: Pressure induced transition from chiral charge order to time-reversal symmetry-breaking superconducting state in Nb-doped CsV3Sb5 - LEM data


en: Aligned complex-valued projections and tomographic datasets from 3 PXCT acquisitions on the same catalyst specimen primarily composed of zeolite, alumina, and nickel, acquired at 3 different photon energies close to the nickel absorption edge. The file information.txt contains a description of the data. We also include the software scripts used to process the data.

en: Aligned complex-valued projections and 3D tomographic datasets from a catalyst specimen


en: Multiphase fluid flow through porous media occurs in various natural and engineered settings. How local wetting phenomena, such as those induced by pore-scale roughness, translate into effective multiphase fluid flow behavior observed at larger scales remains poorly understood. In this study, an unsteady-state waterflooding experiment in a sandstone sample with pronounced surface roughness was conducted and imaged using synchrotron-based sub-micron time-resolved X-ray tomography at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source. The data shows how local roughness features cause fluid displacements to occur as a series of smaller sub-pore scale events controlled by (de-)pinning of the fluid-fluid interface and wetting layer growth. Our data offers quantitative insights into multiphase fluid displacement process and provides a basis to verify numerical simulations of pore-scale multiphase fluid flow.

en: A submicron time-resolved X-ray tomography dataset investigating the role of surface roughness during multiphase flow in porous media


en: In the publication associated with this data collection, we present a methodological framework suitable for reconstruction of the whole mouse brain cerebral microvasculature by synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic phase-contrast microscopy with isotropic pixel size of 0.65 μm. The technique allows morphological measurements of even the smallest capillary vessel branches over the entire brain. In this data collection we provide some original tomographic images produced by the method, and an analysis code that can make a segmentation of the vessels and extract the vessel graph from the images.

en: Micrometer-resolution tomographic reconstructions of whole mouse brain microvasculature and an analysis program

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: Ptychographic and tomographic reconstructions of a triblock copolymer soft matter crystal replicated into gold

en: PSI Data Catalog


en: Time-resolved SRµCT study of the pore and lamella evolution of bread samples in-situ during baking inside a microwave-convective oven.

en: In-situ microwave-convective baking of bread using 4D SRµCT


en: This dataset contains time-resolved X-ray tomographic microscopy on wicking in interlacing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarns.  Wicking is a two-phase flow phenomenon in porous media where a wetting fluid replaces spontaneously the non-wetting fluid, here water and air. The employed setup provides high-quality four-dimensional imaging of water uptake in yarn interlaces in a FOV of 5.5 mm height at 2.75 um voxel size and up to 2.5 full scans per second. The segmented data gives the detailed inter-fiber pore structure and allows to track the evolution of the water configuration at pore level with its evolution of free (interfacial) energy.  Yarn-to-yarn transition is found to coincide with slow water advance in a thin interface zone at the yarn contact. The pore spaces of the two yarns merge within this interface zone and provide a transition path. A deep capillary pressure minimum occurs while water passes through the center of the interface zone, effectively delaying the wicking flow.

en: Wicking through complex interfaces at interlacing yarns

envi

en: Environment


en: This dataset has been used in the work titled ‘Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain’ by Gilgannon et al. (2023). It was acquired at the TOMCAT beamline as part of a long term science proposal called ‘Implementing novel X-ray transparent triaxial deformation rigs to study fluid-rock interaction at mid-crustal conditions’. This research was funded through NERC standard grant NE/T001615/1.

en: Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain - sample VA18


en:
Double hydroxide perovskites with magnetic transition-metal ions were recently identified as a unique class of materials that combine magnetic frustration with correlated proton disorder - a prerequisite for quantum-disordered fluctuating magnetic ground states resembling spin liquids. Here we present the results of muon spin relaxation (muSR) measurements carried out on fully deuterated samples of the double hydroxyperovskites CuSn(OH)6 (S=1/2) and MnSn(OH)6 (S=5/2) over the temperature range 0.053-50 K. The absence of any long-range magnetic order is confirmed down to 0.053 K. We observe no oscillations of the muon asymmetry down to the lowest temperature. The muon relaxation rates show a continuous increase with decreasing temperature, indicating persistent spin fluctuations in both compounds. Spin correlations are consistent with homogeneous spin dynamics. These observations reinforce the assertion that both compounds have a quantum-dynamic magnetic ground state that is consistent with a spin-liquid-like phase stabilized by proton disorder.
This dataset contains the corresponding muon spin spectroscopy raw time histograms, measured on CuSn(OD)6 and MnSn(OD)6.

en: Dataset: Spin-liquid-like ground states in the double hydroxyperovskites CuSn(OD)6 and MnSn(OD)6 evidenced by muSR spectroscopy

flame

display_name: flame

smus

display_name: smus


en: Analyzing the structure and dynamics of the human middle ear is crucial for understanding biomechanics and improving clinical practice; however, characterizing middle ear structures is challenging due to their small sizes, location inside the temporal bone, and minute displacements. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray microtomography can visualize both the soft and hard tissues of the entire intact middle ear with micrometer resolution. Unfortunately, access to synchrotron radiation facilities is limited and handling the related TB-scale data volumes requires high performance computing infrastructure. Data sharing efforts can increase accessibility and encourage development of new research directions. Here, we share static microtomography datasets covering the entire middle ear and surroundings for 15 fresh-frozen human temporal bones with voxel sizes of 2.75 or 5.8 µm. These datasets allow for the analysis of rich anatomical information across a range of specimens.

en: Static synchrotron X-ray microtomography of 15 intact human middle ears

en: middle-ear synchrotron-radiation x-ray-microtomography hearing-research anatomy


en: The data available here consists of XPEEM, SQUID, transport, RHEED, and atomic force probe microscopy raw data that was used for a publication entitled "Direct Imaging of the Magnetoelectric Coupling in BaTiO3/La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 Multiferroic Heterostructures" by F. Stramaglia, G. Panchal, L. Tovaglieri, C. Lichtensteiger, F. Nolting, and C. A. F. Vaz.


en:
In the original article associated with this dataset, we present synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging (X-PCI) as an efficient and non-destructive imaging technique to provide high resolution, three-dimensional (3D) information on myocardial microstructure in left ventricular hypertrophy. In the pilot study, the methodology was applied on tissue samples obtained from three patients that underwent septal myectomy. This technique allows for multi-scale investigation - to localize regions of interest, low resolution overlapping scans, at 5.8um effective pixel size, were achieved to cover the entire sample, whereas high resolution datasets, at 0.65 um pixel size, were collected locally allowing assessment of myocyte organization, 3D connective tissue distribution and vasculature.
X-PCI data was visualized and analyzed. 3D myocyte arrangement, interstitial fibrosis, collagen disarray, and vascular remodelling were identified and related to findings of non-invasive cardiac imaging. The integration of imaging data data illustrates the correspondence of macrostructural and functional non-invasive phenotypes with invasive microstructural phenotypes, suggesting the potential clinical utility of non-invasive myocardial deformation patterns in phenotyping left ventricular hypertrophy.

en: Etiology-Discriminative Multimodal Imaging of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Synchrotron-Based Assessment of Microstructural Tissue Remodeling


en: The data is part of a manuscript submitted to the journal Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., entitled " On the absolute photoionization cross section and threshold photoelectron spectrum of two reactive ketenes in lignin valorization: fulvenone and 2-carbonyl cyclohexadienone†". [https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CP05206C, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022,24, 3655-3663 ]  This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number 200021_178952).

en: Dataset: On the absolute photoionization cross section and threshold photoelectron spectrum of two reactive ketenes in lignin valorization: fulvenone and 2-carbonyl cyclohexadienone

en: The PSI Data Catalog is the central repository directory for scientific metadata generated at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Powered by SciCat—a community-driven, open-source metadata management framework co-developed by PSI—the catalog provides discoverability and standardized access pathways to petabyte-scale datasets produced across PSI’s large-scale research facilities, including the Swiss Light Source (SLS), the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), and the SwissFEL X-ray free-electron laser.


en: X-ray photon correlation scattering measurements are undertaken on a thermally active artificial spin ice based on the square lattice, referred to as artificial square ice, to probe the fluctuation timescales as a function of temperature as the system passes through the paramagnetic- antiferromagnetic phase transition, which belongs to the two-dimensional Ising universality class.

en: Stretched exponential magnetic relaxation dynamics in artificial square ice revealed through x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy

en: x-ray-photon-correlation-spectroscopy detector-frames synchrotron 23-id-1 nsls-ii csx coherent-soft-x-ray-scattering

en: PSI Data Catalog

coherent-soft-x-ray-scattering

display_name: coherent-soft-x-ray-scattering

csx

display_name: csx

detector-frames

display_name: detector-frames

nsls-ii

display_name: nsls-ii

synchrotron

display_name: synchrotron

x-ray-photon-correlation-spectroscopy

display_name: x-ray-photon-correlation-spectroscopy


en: The binding and release of ligands from their protein targets is central to fundamental biological processes as well as to drug discovery. Photopharmacology introduces chemical triggers that allow the changing of ligand affinities and thus biological activity by light. Insight into the molecular mechanisms of photopharmacology is largely missing because the relevant transitions during the light-triggered reaction cannot be resolved by conventional structural biology. Using time-resolved serial crystallography at a synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser, we have captured the release of azo-combretastatin A4 and the resulting conformational changes in tubulin. Nine structural snapshots from 1 ns to 100 ms complemented by simulations show how cis-to-trans isomerization of the azobenzene bond leads to a switch in ligand affinity, opening of an exit channel, and collapse of the binding pocket upon ligand release. The resulting global backbone rearrangements are related to the action mechanism of tubulin-binding drugs against gout, cancer, and COVID-19.

en: Watching the release of a photopharmacological drug from tubulin using time-resolved serial crystallography: 10 microseconds after photoactivation.

envi

en: Environment


en: This dataset has been used in the work titled ‘Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain’ by Gilgannon et al. (2023). It was acquired at the TOMCAT beamline as part of a long term science proposal called ‘Implementing novel X-ray transparent triaxial deformation rigs to study fluid-rock interaction at mid-crustal conditions’. This research was funded through NERC standard grant NE/T001615/1.

en: Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain - sample VA17


en:
The extinct plant group Bennettitales (Cycadeoidales) was a prominent part of Mesozoic vegetation. The group has been studied extensively and for more than 100 years it has been central in discussions of the relationships among the major groups of seed plants in which extinct plants were also considered. Despite much effort the phylogenetic position of the Bennettitales is still unresolved with a major obstacle being uncertainty about how to interpret the organisation and structure of the seed. The most widely accepted interpretation has been that the seed, like the seeds of most conifers, has a single integument around the nucellus and lacks any additional coverings. An alternative interpretation is that the seed integument is surrounded by an envelope comparable to the situation in extant Gnetales and extinct Erdtmanithecales. The petrified seed cone of Cycadeoidea (Bennettites) morierei described in the late nineteenth century from the Early Cretaceous of Normandy is one of the most informative bennettitalean reproductive structures with its superb preservation offering great potential for resolving the unsettled discussion regarding seed structure in Bennettitales.
	C. morierei was carefully documented by Octave Lignier in his monumental study “Végétaux fossiles de Normandie. Structure et affinités du Bennettites morierei Sap. & Mar. (sp.)” from 1894, but despite his meticulous analysis of the fossil, Lignier left certain questions open in his interpretation and in his widely cited reconstruction of the structure of the seed. In the paper associated with the datasets provided here we have re-examined fragments of Cycadeoidea morierei using synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) to attempt to answer some of these open questions.
	Cycadeoidea morierei is based on a single petrified seed cone. The specimen was fractured by Lignier, who prepared several thin sections, in longitudinal as well as transverse directions in preparing his account. The original material was stored at the University of Caen, France, but most was lost during the second World War. However, several larger and smaller fragments of the seed cone were later recovered at the university and made available for the present study. Among the fragments studied using SRXTM were small isolated, abraded seeds and interseminal scales (e.g., fragments 6 and 8) and a few small groups of fractured seeds and interseminal scales still tightly packed together (e.g., fragment 17). Typically, these small fragments are broken at the base and only rarely are remains of the seed stalk preserved. One larger fragment (fragment 24) consists of several seeds with seed stalks intact. For comparison with Cycadeoidea morierei we also examined a fragment of another classic petrified seed cone, Cycadeoidea gibsoniana from the Early Cretaceous of isle of Wight, Southern England, using SRXTM. The results, combined with a comparative survey of other fossil material, indicate that the seeds of Bennettitales had at least one, perhaps two, envelopes covering the integument, comparable to what is seen among extant Gnetales, extinct Erdtmanithecales, and diverse fossil seeds recovered from Early Cretaceous mesofossil assemblages. Most of the SRXTM analyses of the Cycadeoidea material were carried during 2009-2023 on the TOMCAT beamline, SLS, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland. Fragment 24 was analysed at the new I-TOMCAT beamline at SLS in November 2025.

en: Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy datasets for seed structure in Cycadeoidea morierei


en:
The articles based on this dataset discuss wicking in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarns using time-resolved X-ray tomographic microscopy. Wicking is a two-phase flow phenomenon in porous media where a wetting fluid replaces spontaneously the non-wetting fluid, here water and air.
The employed setup provides high-quality four-dimensional imaging of water uptake in yarns in a FOV of 3.3 mm height at 2.75 um voxel size and up to one full scan per second. The segmented data gives the detailed inter-fiber pore structure and allows to track the evolution of the water configuration at pore level with its evolution of free (interfacial) energy. We find that water wicking in yarns happens as network propagation with two types of steps: rapid pore filling events and long delays between those events. The long delays are caused by an unfavorable free energy evolution at structure-induced quasi-equilibria. Due to the sparsity of the pore network and the lack of alternative propagation paths, macroscopic wicking in yarns shows irregular step-wise dynamics with high variability.

en: Wicking dynamics in complex yarn pore networks


en: Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain - sample VA20


en: Metamorphic fabrics can be formed by stress without significant strain - sample VA10