en:
Notice:  Changes to the dataset are still possible. Please do not use this dataset until the final publication with a DOI. Contact the authors if you have questions about this.
This dataset contains measurements of stable water isotopes in snow and vapor on the Weissfluhjoch from different field campaigns (Winter 2017 (Trachsel, 2019), January 2020, December 2020, and March 2021 (Sadowski et al., 2022).
Snow profiles and surface samples are available at different frequencies for each campaign. Please see "Data_description.pdf" for details.
Scripts and SNOWPACK simulations used in (Trachsel, 2019) and (Sadowski et al., 2022) are also provided.

en: Stable Water Isotopes in snow and vapor on the Weissfluhjoch

en: weissfluhjoch natural-tracer snow paleoclimate stable-water-isotopes post-depositional-processes latent-heat sublimation

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: Data_description
    Size: 5798685 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/f9e9342d-939c-4f55-aeeb-94197ab8572e/download/data-description.pdf
    Description: Details on the data collected during the different field campaigns and available in this dataset.
Information on the sampling procedure of the snow isotopes samples.

en:
Resource Title: Stable water isotopes in vapor
    Size: 1791813201 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/459c968f-fdce-43e9-aefc-88e3e2c0f1a5/download/vapor_stable_water_isotopes.zip
    Description: Stable water isotopes in vapor measurements. Processed (calibrated) and raw data for February - June 2017. Raw data for January and February 2020.
For the time in between July 2017 and April 2020, raw vapor isotopic measurements are available, but no calibrations were performed during that time. For data delivery, please contact one of the authors.
This folder also contains the post-processing scripts for stable water isotopes in vapor measurements.

en:
Resource Title: Weather
    Size: 377318265 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/c3dabb24-bcac-41f2-8a7a-e13bad3d0705/download/weather.zip
    Description: Meteorological data, snow height measurement, and SNOWPACK simulations covering the different field campaigns.

en:
Resource Title: Read_me
    Size: 1040 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/a9b0c81d-fd96-4f43-b7ec-5910aa7b35ed/download/read_me.txt
    Description: Details about the different folders

en:
Resource Title: Stable water isotopes in snow
    Size: 42408 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/51170962-a45c-46eb-ab67-b2d28d61b86e/resource/258c1ad7-dc54-408d-85f4-927d1ee052ec/download/snow_isotopes.zip
    Description: Stable water isotopes in snow measurements

latent-heat

display_name: latent-heat

natural-tracer

display_name: natural-tracer

paleoclimate

display_name: paleoclimate

post-depositional-processes

display_name: post-depositional-processes

snow

display_name: snow

stable-water-isotopes

display_name: stable-water-isotopes

sublimation

display_name: sublimation

weissfluhjoch

display_name: weissfluhjoch


$oid: OBSOLETE

en: snowpackBuoyantPimpleFoam is a  two-phase solver implemented to model convection of water vapor with phase change in snowpacks. This new solver is based on the standard solver of buoyantPimpleFoam in the open-source fluid dynamics software, OpenFOAM 5.0 (www.openfoam.org).

en: snowpackBuoyantPimpleFoam: an OpenFOAM Eulerian–Eulerian two-phase solver for modelling convection of water vapor in snowpacks

en: openfoam vapor-transport snow-density-profile numerical-simulation convection-in-snow

envidat

approval_status: approved

fr: EnviDat est le portail de données du WSL; il offre un accès uniformisé et réglementé aux données de surveillance et de recherche en matière d’environnement. Ce portail est capable d’héberger et de publier des ensembles de données précieuses et uniques, qui sont partagées aux quatre coins de la planète. Ce faisant, EnviDat favorise la recherche et contribue à l’avancement des sciences environnementales.

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

it: EnviDat è il portale dati del WSL che fornisce un accesso unificato e gestito ai dati di monitoraggio ambientale e di ricerca. Il portale ha la capacità di ospitare e pubblicare serie di dati preziosi e unici che vengono condivisi in tutto il mondo. Così facendo, EnviDat promuove la ricerca e contribuisce al progresso della scienza ambientale.

de: EnviDat: das Umwelt-Datenportal

fr: EnviDat: le portail de données environnementales

it: EnviDat: il portale dei dati ambientali

political_level: other

state: active

type: organization

wsl

capacity: public

de: EnviDat

type: dataset

key: guid

key: uri

value: Envidat Harvester

envi

de: Umwelt

en: Environment

fr: Environnement

it: Ambiente

format: ZIP

convection-in-snow

display_name: convection-in-snow

numerical-simulation

display_name: numerical-simulation

openfoam

display_name: openfoam

snow-density-profile

display_name: snow-density-profile

vapor-transport

display_name: vapor-transport


mountain-permafrost-hydrology

en: This report was prepared as one of the synthesis report chapters of the Hydro-CH2018 project of the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN). In earlier reports such as the CH2014-IMPACTS report (CH-Impacts 2014), the topic of mountain permafrost hydrology was not addressed. Here, we provide a baseline of the available knowledge of mountain permafrost in the Swiss Alps for future reference. We compile an overview of the current understanding of mountain permafrost in the Swiss Alps, its distribution and characteristics, observed and projected changes, and expected impacts on slope stability, infrastructure and hydrological aspects. We also briefly describe the measurement techniques and modelling approaches applied. The chapter closes with a summary of the most important open research questions. The literature cited mainly includes studies on mountain permafrost published in scientific journals and assessments of long-term observation data. We focus on permafrost hydrology interactions wherever information is available. However, systematic studies on permafrost hydrology in mountain areas are still limited.

en: Mountain Permafrost Hydrology

en: permafrost-degradation ice-rich-permafrost monitoring-techniques mass-movements mountain-permafrost-hydrology climate-change-impacts

title_for_slug: mountain-permafrost-hydrology

climate-change-impacts

display_name: climate-change-impacts

ice-rich-permafrost

display_name: ice-rich-permafrost

mass-movements

display_name: mass-movements

monitoring-techniques

display_name: monitoring-techniques

mountain-permafrost-hydrology

display_name: mountain-permafrost-hydrology

permafrost-degradation

display_name: permafrost-degradation


latent-heat-flux-over-snow

en:
This dataset contains three case studies where are compared the latent heat flux calculated using the Eddy Covariance (EC) method, the Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) and the modified Bowen-ratio method presented in the research paper "Using the sensible heat flux eddy covariance based exchange coefficient to calculate latent heat from moisture mean gradients overn snow". We include the datasets, the code and the ini files for reproduce the research.
The dataset contain two files in zip format:
  1. Sowftware-Heat_fluxes_on_snow: Jupyter notebooks to reproduce the method and the figures of the paper.
  2. data.zip: Datasets used to compare the methods

en: Latent Heat Flux over Snow

en: meteo snow meteo-station central-asia meta swiss-alps

title_for_slug: latent-heat-flux-over-snow

en:
Resource Title:
    Size: 29787181 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fc60c402-dc96-40a0-b780-09404deaa34e/resource/7ab59fe6-dc0b-4dfc-b5c1-e8c3287cb54e/download/data.zip
    Description: This file includes the datasets used to compare the methods. It includes:
- EC Postprocessed heat flux data from sonic anemometer and gas analyzer. Files named: [SITE]_(NO)WatVap_eddypro_OUT_[type].csv
- MOST Postprocessed data from SNOWPACK model. Files named [SITE]_[year]_[METHOD].smet
- Configuration files for SNOWPACK (.ini files) and Eddypro (.eddypro files)

[SITE] correspond to DISHMA/DISH or Alpine Valley, PLATEAU/PLAT for Antarctic Plateau, TAJ for Pamir mountains (no EC)
[type] correspond to fluxnet, full_output or qc_details
[METHOD] indicates the stability model used and/or the roughness length

media_type: application/zip

en:
Resource Title: Sowftware-Heat_fluxes_on_snow
    Size: 3322132 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/fc60c402-dc96-40a0-b780-09404deaa34e/resource/da84224e-d225-43fd-8986-7d8069362adc/download/software.zip
    Description: This file includes the Jupyter notebooks to reproduce the method and the figures of the paper. This consists in:
- 3 files for Alpine Valley
- 3 files for Antarctic Plateau
- 1 file for application at Pamir mountains

central-asia

display_name: central-asia

meta

display_name: meta

meteo

display_name: meteo

meteo-station

display_name: meteo-station

swiss-alps

display_name: swiss-alps


en:
We processed Sentinel-2 images from 2017 to 2023 for Switzerland with the Software FORCE (Frantz 2019). The respective parameter files can be found here: [Github](https://github.com/TLKoch/Sentinel-2_CH). All the images consist of several TB and therefore, access will be granted upon request.
The available bands (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
*Red, Green, Blue, NIR, Red-Edge-1, Red-Edge-2, Red-Edge-3, SWIR-1, SWIR-2*
The available indices (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
*CCI, CIRE, NDWI/NDMI, NDVI, EVI*
Further indices might be provided upon request.
 Processing
After downloading Level 1 data for the 14 Sentinel-2 tiles covering Switzerland (T31TGN, T32TLT, T32TMT, T32UMU, T32TNT, T32TPT, T31TGM, T32TLS, T32TMS, T32TNS, T32TPS, T32TLR, T32TMR, T32TNR) with an estimated cloud cover of less than 80 \%, we processed the data further with FORCE v. 3.7.8-12.
FORCE was used for radiometric correction, including atmospheric and topographic corrections using the digital elevation model from Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (EU-DEM v. 1.1), with a 25 m spatial resolution, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) correction, and an adjacency effect correction. For cloud masking, the improved Fmask algorithm with buffers of 300 m for clouds, 90 m for shadows, and 30 m for snow were used (Frantz et al. 2018; Zhu et al. 2015). All bands were resampled using cubic convolution to 10 m spatial resolution. Shadows, low and poor illumination as well as saturation were masked out. The co-registration of all images  was made with monthly composites of near-infrared Landsat Collection 2 images from 2014 to 2021 (Rengarajan et al. 2020;Rufin et al. 2021). With this the geometric consistency improved. The processed images are available in tiles of 30 by 30 km.
 Example images
Uploaded is an example of the index EVI for one of the generated 30 by 30 km tiles located around the city of Zürich. The values are multiplied by 10.000. The date of the image is 24.07.2018.

en: Sentinel-2 imagery of Switzerland

en: sentinel-2 remote-sensing raster-processing switzerland force

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: EVI_20180724_example.tif
    Size: 24317492 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/eb913ad8-aec4-472f-a827-179b4ec87371/resource/5d61e0ec-f785-45ba-8281-8668855ee94b/download/evi_20180724_example.tif
    Description: An example of the index EVI for one of the generated 30 by 30 km tiles located around the city of Zürich. The values are multiplied by 10.000. The date of the image is 24.07.2018.

format: TIFF

media_type: image/tiff

en:
Resource Title: parameter_file_force_sentinel_level2.prm
    Size: 17892 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/eb913ad8-aec4-472f-a827-179b4ec87371/resource/69490cdd-817f-49f6-b048-e152ba6bff5a/download/sentinel_level2.prm
    Description: Parameter file that defined all the parameters for processing the Sentinel-2 Level 2 imagery

format: OCTET

force

display_name: force

raster-processing

display_name: raster-processing

remote-sensing

display_name: remote-sensing

switzerland

display_name: switzerland


en:
Swiss National Forest Inventory. Results of the fourth survey 2009–2017.
The collection of data for the fourth National Forest Inventory (NFI) was carried out from 2009 to 2017, on average eight years after the third survey. The findings about state and development of Swiss forests are described and explained in detail. The report is structured according to the European criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management, namely: forest resources, health and vitality, wood production, biological diversity, protection forest and social economy. Finally, conclusions about sustainability are drawn based on the NFI findings.
Keywords: forest area, growing stock, increment, yield, forest structure, forest condition, timber production, biodiversity, protection forest, recreation, sustainability, results National Forest Inventory, Switzerland
Inventaire forestier national suisse. Résultats du quatrième inventaire 2009-2017.
Les relevés du quatrième inventaire forestier national suisse (IFN) ont eu lieu entre 2009 et 2017, en moyenne huit ans après le troisième inventaire. Les résultats sur l’état et l’évolution de la forêt suisse sont présentés et expliqués en détail. Le rapport est structuré thématiquement selon les critères et indicateurs européens pour la gestion durable des forêts : ressources forestières, santé et vitalité, production de bois, diversité biologique, forêt protectrice et socio-économie. L’ouvrage s’achève par un bilan de la durabilité basé sur les résultats de l’IFN.
Mots-clés : surface forestière, volume de bois, accroissement, exploitation, structure de la forêt, état de la forêt, production de bois, biodiversité, forêt protectrice, récréation, durabilité, résultats de l’inventaire forestier national, Suisse
Content license: All rights reserved. Copyright © 2020 by WSL, Birmensdorf.

en: lfi forest nfi national-forest-inventory 2009-2017

en:
Resource Title: Registration in DORA
    Size: 1 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl:23455
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Corrigendum / Erratum
    Size: 518804 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/58cf77e8-78f6-460d-9c1b-5c0857b0cc25/resource/e5620e14-9a81-4d48-9a31-1acf93ff80f5/download/korrigendum_lfi4_fr_tab_155.pdf
    Description:

format: PDF

media_type: application/pdf

en:
Resource Title: ISBN: 978-3-905621-61-7
    Size: 65866156 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/58cf77e8-78f6-460d-9c1b-5c0857b0cc25/resource/149edc8c-30eb-4164-935f-ca53c21e16dd/download/lfi4_fr_web_200603.pdf
    Description:

forest

display_name: forest

lfi

display_name: lfi

national-forest-inventory

display_name: national-forest-inventory

nfi

display_name: nfi


en:
We processed Sentinel-2 image time series from 2017 to 2023 for Switzerland with the Software FORCE (Frantz 2019) on the basis of [Sentinel-2 images](https://envidat.ch//metadata/sentinel-2-imagery-of-switzerland). The respective parameter files can be found here: [Github](https://github.com/TLKoch/Sentinel-2_CH). All the image time series consist of several TB and therefore access will be granted upon request.
The available bands (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
Red, Green, Blue, NIR, Red-Edge-1, Red-Edge-2, Red-Edge-3, SWIR-1, SWIR-2
The available indices (in spatial reference system EPSG 3035) are the following:
CCI, CIRE, NDWI/NDMI, NDVI, EVI
 Processing
On the basis of processed Sentinel-2 images for the 14 Sentinel-2 tiles covering Switzerland (T31TGN, T32TLT, T32TMT, T32UMU, T32TNT, T32TPT, T31TGM, T32TLS, T32TMS, T32TNS, T32TPS, T32TLR, T32TMR, T32TNR), we processed the image time series further with FORCE v. 3.7.8-12.
We generated interpolated Sentinel-2 time series with a 5-day interval, corresponding to the theoretical revisit time of the Sentinel-2 satellites. It's important to note that the 5-day time series consist of interpolated and smoothed composites, not the original images. We used the radial basis convolutional filtering (RBF) available in the FORCE time series analysis (TSA) submodule (Schwieder et al. 2016). The RBF is similar to a spatial moving window average approach over time (Schwieder et al. 2016). We applied kernel width values of 10, 20, 30, and 50 days. We spectrally adjusted all the images to match Sentinel-2A, and we removed curve outliers and pixels that failed the quality checks for clouds and their shadows, snow, saturation, and limited illumination. The processed image time series are available in tiles of 30 by 30 km.
 Example images
Uploaded is an example of the index EVI for one of the generated 30 by 30 km tiles located around the city of Zürich. The values are multiplied by 10.000. The time series spans the month of July from 2018.

en: Sentinel-2 time series of Switzerland

en: remote-sensing raster-processing time-series switzerland force sentinel-2

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: EVI_time_series_201807_example.tif
    Size: 139814053 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/633ffbf5-756f-4735-af10-909a3b09c7cb/resource/959bf57a-1723-4eea-ad89-3c42243ca510/download/evi_time_series_201807_example.tif
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: parameter_file_force_sentinel_tss_tsi.prm
    Size: 27530 bytes
    Format: application/octet-stream
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/633ffbf5-756f-4735-af10-909a3b09c7cb/resource/81f234c9-25ea-4927-a3af-92c915236882/download/sentinel_tss_tsi.prm
    Description: Parameter file that defined all the parameters for processing the Sentinel-2 time series

time-series

display_name: time-series


en:
Introduction
The ZIP file contains all data and code to replicate the analyses reported in the following paper.
Reber, U., Fischer, M., Ingold, K., Kienast, F., Hersperger, A. M., Grütter, R., & Benz, R. (2022). Integrating biodiversity: A longitudinal and cross-sectoral analysis of Swiss politics. *Policy Sciences*. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-022-09456-4](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-022-09456-4)
If you use any of the material included in this repository, please refer to the paper. If you use (parts of) the text corpus, please also refer to the sources used for its compilation listed below. The content of the texts may not be changed.
 Data folder
The data folder contains the following files.
* _corpus.parquet_: Text corpus of Swiss policy documents
* _dict_de.csv_: Biodiversity dictionary (German)
* _dict_fr.csv_: Biodiversity dictionary (French)
* _dict_it.csv_: Biodiversity dictionary (Italian)
* _topic_labels.csv_: labels/codes for policy sectors
* _topics.csv_: labels/codes for policy sectors
The corpus and the dictionary were compiled by the authors specifically for this project. The labels/codes for policy sectors are based on the [coding scheme](http://ws-old.parlament.ch/affairs/topics) of the Swiss Parliament.
 Text corpus
The text corpus consists of 439,984 Swiss policy documents in German, French, and Italian from 1999 to 2018. The corpus was compiled from the following source between 2020-10-01 and 2021-01-31.
* Transcripts and parliamentary businesses (e.g. questions, motions, parliamentary initiatives) via the [Web Services (WS)](https://www.parlament.ch/de/%C3%BCber-das-parlament/fakten-und-zahlen/open-data-web-services) provided by the Swiss Parliament
* The official compilation of federal legislation ("Amtliche Sammlung", AS) via [opendata.swiss](https://opendata.swiss/de/dataset/official-compilation-of-federal-legislation-bs-as-1947-2018) provided by the Swiss Federal Archives (SFA)
*  The federal gazette ("Bundesblatt") via [fedlex.admin.ch](https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/de/fga/index)
* Decisions of federal courts via [entscheidsuche.ch (ES)](https://entscheidsuche.ch/)
The corpus is stored in a single data frame to use with R saved as [PARQUET](https://parquet.apache.org/) file (corpus.parquet). The data frame has the following structure.
* _text_id_: Unique identifier for each text (source information as prefix, e.g. "t_")
* _doc_type_: Document type (see coding scheme below)
* _branch_: Government branche (1 legislative, 2 executive, 3 judicative)
* _stage_: Stage of policy process (1 drafting, 2 introduction, 3 interpretation)
* _year_: Year of publication
* _topic_: Policy sector (coding scheme in separate file in data folder)
* _lang_: Language (de, fr, it)
* _text_: Text
The following list contains the coding scheme for the doc_type variable.
* 101: Federal gazette // Draft for public consultation ("Vernehmlassungsverfahren")
* 102: Federal gazette // Explanation of draft for parliament ("Botschaft")
* 103: Federal gazette // Strategy, action plan
* 104: Federal gazette // Federal council decree ("Bundesratsbeschluss")
* 105: Federal gazette // (Simple) Federal decree ("(Einfacher) Bundesbeschluss")
* 106: Federal gazette // General decree ("Allgemeinverfügung")
* 107: Federal gazette // Treaty ("Übereinkommen")
* 108: Federal gazette // Treaty ("Abkommen")
* 109: Federal gazette // Draft for parliament ("Entwurf")
* 110: Federal gazette // Report ("Bericht")
* 111: Federal gazette // Report of parliamentary comission ("Bericht")
* 112: Federal gazette // Report of federal council ("Bericht")
* 201: Parl. businesses // Submitted text
* 202: Parl. businesses // Reason text
* 203: Parl. businesses // Federal council response
* 204: Parl. businesses // Initial situation
* 205: Parl. businesses // Proceedings
* 301: Parl. transcripts // Speech of MP
* 302: Parl. transcripts // Speech of federal council
* 401: Federal legislation // Legal text of the official compilation (law, ordinances, etc.)
* 501: Court decisions // Federal Supreme Court
* 502: Court decisions // Federal Criminal Court
* 503: Court decisions // Federal Administrative Court
 Code folder
The code folder contains all R code for the analyses. The files are numbered chronologically.
* _1_classifier_training.R_: Training of classifiers for classification of policy sectors
* _2_classifier_application.R_: Classification of documents in corpus
* _3_dictionary_application.R_: Biodiversity indexing of documents in corpus
* _4_stm_truncation.R_: Truncation of indexed documents to keep only relevant parts
* _5_stm_translation.R_: Translation of FR and IT documents to DE
* _6_stm_model.R_: Preprocesssing and structural topic model
* _7_plots.R_: Plots and numbers as included in the paper
The code/functions folder contains custom functions used in the scripts, e.g. to support topic model interpretation.
Package versions and setup details are noted in the code files.
 Contact
Please direct any questions to Ueli Reber (ueli.reber@eawag.ch).

en: Replication files for "Integrating biodiversity: A longitudinal and cross-sectoral analysis of Swiss politics"

en: bgb biodiversity policy-analysis text-corpus switzerland policy-documents environmental--policy

bgb

display_name: bgb

biodiversity

display_name: biodiversity

environmental--policy

display_name: environmental--policy

policy-analysis

display_name: policy-analysis

policy-documents

display_name: policy-documents

text-corpus

display_name: text-corpus


en:
The first EVOLTREE Conference, taking place in hybrid format (on-site and online) at WSL Birmensdorf (Switzerland) from 14-17 September, 2021, focuses on the genomics of trees and interacting species from evolutionary, demographic, and ecological perspectives.
EVOLTREE is a European network of institutions engaged in studying the evolution and functioning of forest ecosystems, in particular trees as the foundation species in forest stands. A prime topic in the face of ongoing climate change is to elucidate how trees, together with their associated organisms such as mycorrhizal fungi, respond to rapid environmental changes.
The conference includes contributions that apply innovative approaches and consider the relevance of their research in the context of biodiversity conservation through natural dynamics or silvicultural interference.

en: Genomics and Adaptation in Forest Ecosystems. Book of Abstracts. EvolTree Conference 2021, 14 – 17 September 2021, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

en: adaptation abstracts evoltree conference forest-ecosystems genomics

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

abstracts

display_name: abstracts

adaptation

display_name: adaptation

conference

display_name: conference

evoltree

display_name: evoltree

forest-ecosystems

display_name: forest-ecosystems

genomics

display_name: genomics


en:
This dataset contains modeled and experimental results for laboratory snow failure experiments and the concurrent acoustic emissions signatures for different loading rates. For modelling the snow failure we used a fiber bundle model that includes sintering and viscous deformation.
The data underlay the figures in the publication "Modelling Snow Failure Behavior and Concurrent Acoustic Emissions Signatures with a Fiber Bundle Model" submitted for publication to "Geophysical Research Letters".

en: Fiber Bundle Model for snow failure and concurrent Acoustic Emissions

en: snow-mechanics sintering viscous-deformation snow-failure fiber-bundle-model snow acoustic-emissions snow-avalanche

acoustic-emissions

display_name: acoustic-emissions

fiber-bundle-model

display_name: fiber-bundle-model

sintering

display_name: sintering

snow

display_name: snow

snow-avalanche

display_name: snow-avalanche

snow-failure

display_name: snow-failure

snow-mechanics

display_name: snow-mechanics

viscous-deformation

display_name: viscous-deformation


en:
This dataset contains the road and plot data used for the geospatial analysis example showcased in "Fostering Open Science at WSL with the EnviDat Environmental Data Portal", a contribution to the 5th Open Source Geospatial Research and Education Symposium (OGRS), 2018.
The example uses Jupyter Notebook to calculate road densities in the neighbourhood of sample plot locations with Python. Road data were extracted from OpenStreetMap, while the point data (sample plots) were generated manually.

en: Dataset for OGRS 2018 publication

en: buffer geospatial roads gis density jupyter

en:
Resource Title: Strassen_OSM
    Size: 394934 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/5d097dde-387f-4ab9-9e95-aa47c14bae75/download/menzbergzero.zip
    Description: Road data from OSM for the surroundings of Menzberg, Switzerland

en:
Resource Title: Plots
    Size: 1719 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/173de5b0-ae7b-46dc-9b1f-7df640106736/download/plots.zip
    Description: Random plot locations

en:
Resource Title: Road Density Calculation (Python Notebook)
    Size: 8643 bytes
    Format: application/x-ipynb+json
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/38ba30db-e7cd-45eb-b84e-5d00e1877dd3/download/roaddensitycalculation.ipynb
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Road Density Calculation (Python Notebook) online
    Size: 0
    Format: application/x-ipynb+json
    URL: https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/urls/www.envidat.ch/dataset/6c16efa5-2c29-468a-916a-4a005b3bff02/resource/38ba30db-e7cd-45eb-b84e-5d00e1877dd3/download/roaddensitycalculation.ipynb
    Description:

buffer

display_name: buffer

density

display_name: density

geospatial

display_name: geospatial

gis

display_name: gis

jupyter

display_name: jupyter

roads

display_name: roads


automatic-detection-of-avalanches

en: This dataset contains the results obtained by an automatic classification using hidden Markov models of a continuous seismic dataset. To avoid long computational times, we reduced the seismic data using pre-processing step. The start and end times of the windows used for the classification are also included in this dataset. Furthermore, an avalanche reference data set is included and the python scripts used to perform the processing steps and the classification.

en: Automatic detection of avalanches

en: avalanche-activity hidden-markov-model seismic snow monitoring

title_for_slug: automatic-detection-of-avalanches

envi

en: Environment

avalanche-activity

display_name: avalanche-activity

hidden-markov-model

display_name: hidden-markov-model

monitoring

display_name: monitoring

seismic

display_name: seismic


en:
Two data sets obtained for snow farming projects (Fluela, Davos, CH and Martell, IT) in 2015.
The data set contains for each site:
* 10 cm GIS raster of snow depth calculated from terrestrial laserscanning surveys (TLS) in the end of winter season (April/May)
* 10 cm GIS raster of snow depth calculated from TLS in the end of summer season (October)
Input files for SNOWPACK model:
* .sno: snow profile at the end of winter
* .smet: meteorological data measured by weather stations in the area
For more details see  Grünewald, T., Lehning, M., and Wolfsperger, F.: Snow farming: Conserving snow over the summer season, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-93, in review, 2017.

en: Snowfarming data set Davos and Martell 2015

en: winter-tourism snowpack snow terrestrial-laser-scanning snow-conservation snow-farming

en:
Resource Title: HS Martell autumn 2015
    Size: 2412003 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/0d16510c-f1d4-4de2-86f7-b5ef2fb0bd0f/download/20151028_martell_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in autumn 2015 obtained by terrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: European Datum 1950 UTM
Nodata: -9999

format: TXT

media_type: text/plain

en:
Resource Title: HS Martell spring 2015
    Size: 2332516 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/558c33f7-ce57-45b8-a339-f617be015e96/download/20150519_martell_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in spring 2015 obtained by terrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: European Datum 1950 UTM
Nodata: -9999

en:
Resource Title: HS Fluela autumn 2015
    Size: 1720506 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/47f70f9b-63df-44aa-836c-02a46bbf4f6b/download/20151008_fluela_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in autumn 2015 obtained by terrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: CH1903
Nodata: -9999

en:
Resource Title: Fluela .smet
    Size: 889965 bytes
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/7e360bad-ec83-4675-802e-05dc7a701a27/download/haufen_vwcor_shade.smet
    Description: Meteodata used as input for SNOWAPCK simulations, orginating from Station Windtunnel and DAV.

en:
Resource Title: HS Fluela spring 2015
    Size: 1702059 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/a0aef820-34e4-490a-9271-a12646f37b67/download/20150429_fluela_hs.txt
    Description: Snow depth/ height of snow heap in spring 2015 obtained by terrrestrial laserscanning
cell size: 10 cm
spatial reference: CH1903

en:
Resource Title: Fluela .sno
    Size: 1919 bytes
    Format: .sno
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/f31e7520-2624-4628-a7a9-bb0bcbeea876/download/fluela_1schicht_40cm_lwc3.sno
    Description: Input snow profile (.sno file) used for SNOWPACK simulations of the Flüela heap

en:
Resource Title: Martell .smet
    Size: 827214 bytes
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/5c4a89bc-c16a-4c37-92e6-183a50438fae/download/meteo_martell.smet
    Description: Meteodata used as input for SNOWAPCK simulations, orginating from Station Hintermartell.

en:
Resource Title: Martell .sno
    Size: 1761 bytes
    Format: .sno
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/640b09be-3b86-492e-aba2-449329969989/resource/bd5861f8-f17c-4133-9ff2-c8526e67804e/download/martell_1schicht_lwc3.sno
    Description: Input snow profile (.sno file) used for SNOWPACK simulations of the Martell heap

snow-conservation

display_name: snow-conservation

snow-farming

display_name: snow-farming

snowpack

display_name: snowpack

terrestrial-laser-scanning

display_name: terrestrial-laser-scanning

winter-tourism

display_name: winter-tourism


en: Five full-scale field tests were conducted with concrete blocks weighting between 800 and 3200 kg being dropped onto the roof of a gallery structure made from reinforced concrete. The impacts were recorded using high-speed video and acceleration measurements at the falling blocks. The dataset contains the raw data as well as the analyses of the block trajectories, i.e. kinetics and dynamics. Setup of the measurements and the analyses conducted are published in Volkwein, A. "Durchführung und Auswertung von Steinschlagversuchen auf eine Stahlbetongalerie", WSL-Berichte, Heft 68, 2018.

en: Rockfall gallery testing Parde 2016

en: rockfall impact-testing experiment natural-hazard rockfall-experiments field-test field-data mass-movements experiments field-tests

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: Video analysis
    Size: 7038602 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2c3b41a5-0ff2-4d65-b396-19afe029df09/resource/4b0dc245-87aa-4b49-bea5-560b95be025a/download/parde2016_videoanalyses.zip
    Description: The zip contains five Excel-files that in turn contain the results of the performed video analyses. The sheet "Daten" contains the pixels of different positions on the blocks that were tracked by the software "Kinovea". The sheet "Auswertung" determines the block kinetics based on the pixel data over time.

en:
Resource Title: Raw data (high speed videos, acceleration measurements, laboratory tests)
    Size: 276966499 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2c3b41a5-0ff2-4d65-b396-19afe029df09/resource/0ab7ed13-b413-4936-9c2a-04fff646397f/download/parde2016_rohdaten.zip
    Description: This file contains

* the high speed videos showing the concrete blocks impacting the gallery roof.
* the raw data of the acceleration measurements
* the data of Tiefbauamt Graubünden containg the tension tests of gallery reinforcment, ME-testing the cushion layer and the tests on concrete samples.

en:
Resource Title: Acceleration measurements
    Size: 320251100 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/2c3b41a5-0ff2-4d65-b396-19afe029df09/resource/1dd217a8-3975-4ae8-a7fe-83302438a7df/download/parde2016_accelmeas.zip
    Description: The zip file contains five excel files, one for each test conducted. The first sheet contains the raw data and a data set that went through a low-pass filter. The sheet "Allgemein" contains calibration factors for the sensors and time details of a test. The sheets "DiaDaten" and "DiaDatenGefiltert" show the measurements over time. The block and slab kinetics are determined in the sheets "ZeitintegrationBlock" and "ZeitintegrationPlatte". The sheet "VergleichBeschleunigungen" shows the influence of the low-pass-filter and a running average filter on the block accelerations.

experiment

display_name: experiment

experiments

display_name: experiments

field-data

display_name: field-data

field-test

display_name: field-test

field-tests

display_name: field-tests

impact-testing

display_name: impact-testing

mass-movements

display_name: mass-movements

natural-hazard

display_name: natural-hazard

rockfall

display_name: rockfall

rockfall-experiments

display_name: rockfall-experiments


en:
The data presented here corresponds to the publication "Spatial variability in snow precipitation and accumulation in COSMO-WRF simulations and radar estimations over complex terrain" (Gerber et al., 2018a), which investigates the precipitation variability of snow precipitation in the central northern part of the Grisons (CH) and the publication "The importance of near-surface winter precipitation processes in complex alpine terrain" (Gerber et al., 2018b). The dataset contains:
* WRFsimulations: WRF simulation output for simulations with 4x (14x) terrain smoothing with an output timestep of 30 min/5 min and horizontal grid spacings of 1350 m, 450 m, 150 m and 50 m (currently: data available upon request).
* StationData: Meteorological station data of 18 meteorological stations in the central northern part of the Grisons with 30 minute resolution for the period 1 January 2016 till 1 May 2016.
* ADS80data: Photogrammetrically determined snow depth distribution data over the Dischma valley for the 26 January 2016 and 9 March 2016. Snow heights are corrected for buildings, vegetation (- 1m), outliers, and pixles, which are obivously snow-free on the pictures (Bühler et al., 2015). In addition the snow depth differences (snow depth on 9 March 2016 minus snow depth on 26 January 2016) are provided.
For more details about the simulation and observation data, see Gerber et al., 2018 and Gerber and Sharma (2018).
Publications:
Bühler, Y., Marty, M., Egli, L., Veitinger, J., Jonas, T., Thee, P., and Ginzler, C.: Snow depth mapping in high-alpine catchments using digital photogrammetry. Cryosphere, 9, 229–243, doi:10.5194/tc-9-229-2015, 2015.
Gerber, F., Besic, N., Sharma, V., Mott, R., Daniels, M., Gabella, M., Berne, A., Germann, U., and Lehning, M.: Spatial variability in snow precipitation and accumulation in COSMO-WRF simulations and radar estimations over complex terrain, The Cryosphere, 12, 3137–3160, doi:10.5194/tc-12-3137-2018, 2018.
Gerber, F., Mott, R. and Lehning, M.: The importance of near-surface winter precipitation processes in complex alpine terrain, Journal of Hydrometeorology, accepted, 2018.
Gerber, F., and Sharma, V.:  Running COSMO-WRF on very-high resolution over complex terrain. Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences CRYOS, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland. doi:10.16904/envidat.35, 2018.

en: DISCHMEX - High-resolution WRF simulations in complex alpine terrain and station measurements

en: precipitation-variability orographic-precipitation snow-precipitation complex-terrain cosmo-wrf

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: StationData
    Size: 1161085 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/68536bc6-0990-41c0-a06f-21b19c0f2ffe/resource/096c4c10-1d39-428b-9762-e6c769553cbd/download/stationdata.zip
    Description: Meteorological station data of 18 meteorological stations in the central northern part of the Grisons with 30 minute resolution for the period 1 January 2016 till 1 May 2016.

en:
Resource Title: ADS80data
    Size: 88940889 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/68536bc6-0990-41c0-a06f-21b19c0f2ffe/resource/dd0a21fc-e609-4a79-ab10-58e7dd9953d4/download/ads80data.zip
    Description: Snow depth maps over Dischma valley for 26 January 2016 and 9 March 2016 and snow depth differences between the two dates.

complex-terrain

display_name: complex-terrain

cosmo-wrf

display_name: cosmo-wrf

orographic-precipitation

display_name: orographic-precipitation

precipitation-variability

display_name: precipitation-variability

snow-precipitation

display_name: snow-precipitation


dischmex-meteorological-measurements

en:
Meteorological measurements recorded in the Dischma valley from 2014-2016. In 2014 and 2015 we used 11 mobile weather stations from sensorscope to record meteorological parameter in the upper Dischma valley in the closer surroundings of the Gletschboden area. The meteorological stations are eqiupped with at least air temperature/humidity, wind velocity and wind direction sensors. Some stations are additionally equipped with precipitation, shortwave radiation and snow surface temperature sensors.
Three transects were installed at different aspects and were equipped with air temperature/humidity and wind sensors. Transect 1 (stations 2-4) provides meteorological Information on an east-north-east facing slope at elevations ranging between 2100 m and 2500 m. Transect 2 (stations 5-7) provides meteorological Information on a south-west slope and transect 3 (stations 8-10) on a north-west slope. Station 1 is fully equipped with meteorological sensors (temperature/humidity, wind, IR, up and downwand shortwave radiation and precipitation).
In 2016, mobile stations from sensorscope were replaced with six permanent meteorological stations. Meteorological stations 1-3 are equipped with an air temperature/humidity sensor, two wind speed sensors, a wind direction sensor and an incoming and outgoing shortwave radiation sensor. Stations 4 and 6 are equipped with an air temperature/humidity sensor and a wind speed/direction sensor. Station 5 is a equipped with an air temperature/humidity sensor, a wind speed/direction sensor, a snow surface temperature sensor, an incoming and outgoing shortwave radiation sensor and an incoming longwave radiation sensor.

en: DISCHMEX - Meteorological measurements

en: dischma meteorological-data meteorological-measurements meteo-station dischmex

title_for_slug: dischmex-meteorological-measurements

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2014
    Size: 1159577 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/f61e3ca2-c536-4639-bc74-9ec68267173e/download/experimental_setup.pdf
    Description: Location of the meteorological stations

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2014
    Size: 14489 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/5193f4a9-be97-447f-8499-55616c2711e7/download/sensorscope.xlsx
    Description: Overview sensors

format: XLS

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2014
    Size: 5503565 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/6da110c0-3ace-4958-911b-d89366660993/download/climaps-data.zip
    Description: data

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2016
    Size: 279067 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/89050c91-6a0e-4dd0-becd-272cfa7c5997/download/experimental_setup_2016.pdf
    Description: Location of the meteorological stations

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2015
    Size: 34228880 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/019aae08-8c90-4fb1-bd3b-f5e77a50b512/download/climaps-data.zip
    Description: data

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2015
    Size: 1159577 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/96d21f93-9ec1-4bea-a7ee-1fb9079d92e0/download/experimental_setup.pdf
    Description: Location of the meteorological stations

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurement 2015
    Size: 13943 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/3bb31127-bc4f-47a3-860d-f0429b9907d6/download/sensorscope.xlsx
    Description: Overview sensors

en:
Resource Title: Meteorological measurements 2016
    Size: 7715938 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c4a42aa7-8b55-4f5e-8bf1-98c7b9ac2dc7/resource/47c944c9-8f73-40ab-ac41-7273ee9a6ee4/download/data.zip
    Description: data

dischma

display_name: dischma

dischmex

display_name: dischmex

meteo-station

display_name: meteo-station

meteorological-data

display_name: meteorological-data

meteorological-measurements

display_name: meteorological-measurements


en:
This dataset contains the data used in the publication by Techel et al., 2018 _Spatial consistency and bias in avalanche forecasts - a case study in the European Alps_ (Nat Haz Earth Syst Sci).
For details on the data please refer to this publication.
The dataset contains the following:
- shape files for the warning regions in the Alps
- highest forecast danger level for each warning region and day

en: Forecast avalanche danger level European Alps 2011 - 2015

en: avalanche-forecast warning-regions danger-level european-alps snow

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: Forecast avalanche danger level
    Size: 4052358 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2dff8e3-fdff-4626-b650-a8ba5c19ef27/resource/688bda43-8216-47b0-8a15-730034676551/download/data_dmax.csv
    Description: contains the highest forecast danger level (dangerLevelMax) for each day and warning region

format: CSV

media_type: text/csv

en:
Resource Title: shape file warning regions Alps
    Size: 378119 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2dff8e3-fdff-4626-b650-a8ba5c19ef27/resource/c8329c09-60f5-4181-8681-038ebf9615f4/download/warnregionen.zip
    Description:

avalanche-forecast

display_name: avalanche-forecast

danger-level

display_name: danger-level

european-alps

display_name: european-alps

snow

display_name: snow

warning-regions

display_name: warning-regions


soil-respiration-exclosure-experiment

en:
Location of data collection
The Swiss National Park (SNP) is located in the southeastern part of Switzerland, and covers an area of 170 km2, 50 km2 of which is forested, 33 km2 is occupied by alpine and 3 km2 by subalpine grasslands. Elevations range from 1350 to 3170 m a.s.l., and mean annual precipitation and temperature are 871 mm and 0.6°C measured at the Park’s weather station in Buffalora (1980 m a.s.l.) between 1960 and 2009 (MeteoSchweiz 2011). Founded in 1914, the SNP received minimal human disturbance for almost 100 years (no hunting, fishing, or camping, visitors are not allowed to leave the trails). Large (- 1 ha) homogeneous patches of short- and tall-grass vegetation characterize the subalpine grasslands. The average vegetation height of short-grass vegetation is 2 to 5 cm. Red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), quaking grass (Briza media L.) and common bent grass (Agrostis tenuis Sipthrob) are the predominating plant species in this vegetation type. Tussocks of evergreen sedge (Carex sempervirens Vill.) and mat grass (Nardus stricta L.) are predominant in the tall-grass vegetation, which averages 20 cm in vegetation height (Schütz and others 2006). Short-grass vegetation developed in areas where cattle and sheep rested (high nutrient input) during agricultural land-use (from 14th century until 1914); tall-grass vegetation developed in areas where cattle and sheep used to graze, but did not rest (Schütz and others 2003, 2006). Herbivores were shown to consume - 60% of the biomass in short-grass compared to - 20% in tall-grass vegetation (Schütz and others 2006). The herbivore community present in the SNP can be divided into four groups based on body size/weight: large [red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) and chamois (Rupricapra rupricapra L.); 30 - 150 kg], medium [marmot (Marmota marmota L.) and snow hare (Lepus timidus L.); 3 – 6 kg], and small vertebrate herbivores (small rodents: e.g. Clethrionomys spp., Microtus spp., Apodemus spp.; 30 – 100 g) as well as invertebrates (e.g. grasshoppers, caterpillars, cicadas, - 5 g).
Experimental design
We selected 18 subalpine grassland sites (9 short-grass, 9 tall-grass vegetation). The sites were spread across the entire park on dolomite parent material at altitudes of 1975 to 2300 meters. At each site we established an exclosure network (fences) in spring 2009 (early June), immediately after snowmelt. Each exclosure network consisted of a total of five 2 × 3 m sized plots that progressively excluded the different herbivores listed above (further labeled according to the herbivore guilds that had access to the respective plots “All”, “Marmot/Mice/Invertebrates”, “Mice/Invertebrates”, “Invertebrates”, “None”). The “All” treatment was thus accessible to all herbivores, was not fenced and was located at least 5 m away from a 2.1 m tall and 7 × 9 m main fence that enclosed the other four treatments. This fence was constructed of 10 × 10 cm wooden posts and electrical equestrian tape (AGRARO ECO, Landi, Bern, Switzerland; 20 mm width) mounted at 0.7 m, 0.95 m, 1.2 m, 1.5 m and 2.1 m above the ground that were connected to a solar charged battery (AGRARO Sunpower S250, Landi, Bern, Switzerland). We also mounted non-electrically charged equestrian tape at 0.5 m to help exclude deer and chamois, yet allow marmots and hares to enter safely. Within each main fenced area we randomly established four 2 × 3 m plots: (1) The “Marmot/Mice/Invertebrates” plot remained unfenced, thus, with the exception of red deer and chamois, all herbivores were able to access the plot, (2) The “Mice/Invertebrates” plot consisted of a 90 cm high electric sheep fence (AGRARO Weidezaunnetz ECO, Landi, Bern, Switzerland; mesh size 10 × 10 cm) connected to the solar panel and excluded all medium sized mammals (marmots, hares), but provided access for small mammals and invertebrates, (3) The “Invertebrates” plot provided access for invertebrates only and was surrounded by 1 m high metal mesh (Hortima AG, Hausen, Schweiz; mesh size 2 × 2 cm), (4) The “None” plot was surrounded by a 1 m tall mosquito net (Sala Ferramenta AG, Biasca, Switzerland; mesh size 1.5 × 2 mm) to exclude all herbivores. This plot was covered with a roof constructed of a wooden frame lined with mosquito mesh that was mounted on the wooden corner posts. We also treated this plot with a biocompatible insecticide (Clean kill original, Eco Belle GmbH, Waldshut-Tiengen, Germany) when needed to remove insects that might have entered during data collection or that hatched from the soil.
!!! The here published data set only contains data for “All”, and “Marmot/Mice/Invertebrates” (= ungulates excluded) plots !!!
Data collection
In-situ soil CO2 emissions were measured with a PP-Systems SRC-1 soil respiration chamber (closed circuit) attached to a PP-Systems EGM-4 infrared gas analyzer (PP-Systems, Amesbury, MA, USA) on two randomly selected locations on one subplot within each of the 90 plots. For each measurement the soil chamber (15 cm high; 10 cm diameter) was placed on a permanently installed PVC collar (10 cm diameter) driven five centimeters into the soil at the beginning of the study (June 2009). The measurements were conducted between 0900 and 1700 hours every two weeks from early to early September 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2013. Freshly germinated plants growing within the PVC collars were removed prior to each measurement to avoid measuring plant respiration/photosynthesis. The two measurements collected per plot every two weeks were averaged.
Please acknowledge the funding of the study: funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, SNF grant-no 31003A_122009/1 to Anita C. Risch, Martin Schütz and Flurin Filli

en: Soil respiration - exclosure experiment

en: soil-respiration ungulates grazing subalpine grassland

title_for_slug: soil-respiration-exclosure-experiment

envi

en: Environment

grassland

display_name: grassland

grazing

display_name: grazing

soil-respiration

display_name: soil-respiration

subalpine

display_name: subalpine

ungulates

display_name: ungulates


en:
Dataset of an experimental campaign of induced rockfall in Tschamut, Grisons, Switzerland.
The data archive contains site specific geographical data such as DEM and orthophoto as well as the deposition points of manually induced rockfall by releasing differently shaped boulders with 30–80 kg of mass. Additionally available are all the StoneNode data streams for rocks equipped with a sensor. The data set consists of
* Deposition points from two series (wet (27/10/2016) and frozen (08/12/2016) ground)
* Digital Elevation Model (grid resolution 2 m) obtained via UAV
* Orthophoto (5 cm resolution) obtained via UAV
* Digitized rock point clouds (.pts input files for RAMMS::ROCKFALL)
* StoneNode v1.0 raw data stream for equipped rocks.
Further information is found in
* A. Caviezel et al., _Design and Evaluation of a Low-Power Sensor Device for Induced Rockfall Experiments_, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2018, 67, 767-779, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8122020/
*  P. Niklaus et al., _StoneNode: A low-power sensor device for induced rockfall experiments_, 2017 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS), 2017, 1-6, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7894081/

en: Induced Rockfall Dataset (Small Rock Experimental Campaign), Tschamut, Grisons, Switzerland

en: rockfall stonenode natural-hazards deposition-points rockfall-experiments induced-rockfall sensor-stream stonenodedata dem rockfall-runout

en:
Resource Title: Induced Rockfall Data, Tschamut, GR
    Size: 83833546 bytes
    Format: application/x-7z-compressed
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5b7a47bf-cbea-42a0-879f-ea2ccd17e82f/resource/3be3d9f6-cf12-4dbc-bdf1-80e101fb47f7/download/2018_rf_tschamut.7z
    Description: __ Induced Rockfall Experimental Data, Tschamut, GR, Switzerland__

The archive contains site specific geographical data as well as the deposition points of manually induced rockfall by releasing differently shaped boulders with 30–80 kg of mass. Additionally availabe are the StoneNode v1.0 sensor streams for the equipped rocks.

The _OverviewFigures_ file serves as quick representation of the included data. It also contains the overview table for the rock masses in order to set the dimensions accordingly in RAMMS::ROCKFALL.

The archive contains the following folders:
<\ul>
* DEM: ArcGIS compatible DEM Tschamut_DEM_2m (grid resolution of  2 m) as well as the .asc grid used in RAMMS::ROCKFALL simulations
* _DepositionPoints_: containing two folders _RF Tschamut Frozen_ and _RF Tschamut WET_ containing each a shapefile with the complete deposition data of each series as well as deposition shapfiles for each rock shape.
* _DigitizedRocks_: Digitized point clouds of the used rocks as used for RAMMS::ROCKFALL simulations (.pts files) (dimensions have to be checked).
* _Orthofoto_: Orthophoto of the experimental site obtained via UAV with 5 cm resolution.

en:
Resource Title: StoneNode v1.0 Data for equipped experimental Runs.
    Size: 6899716 bytes
    Format: application/x-7z-compressed
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5b7a47bf-cbea-42a0-879f-ea2ccd17e82f/resource/c80b0561-d5f8-4bd6-97e7-ec5a15bfd84e/download/experimentalruns_sensorstreams.7z
    Description: Corresponding StoneNode v1.0 data streams belonging to the deposition points.

dem

display_name: dem

deposition-points

display_name: deposition-points

induced-rockfall

display_name: induced-rockfall

natural-hazards

display_name: natural-hazards

rockfall

display_name: rockfall

rockfall-experiments

display_name: rockfall-experiments

rockfall-runout

display_name: rockfall-runout

sensor-stream

display_name: sensor-stream

stonenode

display_name: stonenode

stonenodedata

display_name: stonenodedata


lwf-tea-bag-sites

en:
Decomposition of plant litter is a key process for the transfer of carbon and nutrients in ecosystems. Carbon contained in the decaying biomass is released to the atmosphere as respired CO2, and may contribute to global warming. Litterbag studies have been used to improve our knowledge of the drivers of litter decomposition, but they lack comparability because litter quality is plant species-specific. The use of commercial tea bags as a standard substrate was suggested in order to harmonize studies, where green tea and rooibos represent more labile and more recalcitrant C compounds as surrogates of local litter.
The tea bag approach was implemented on eight sites of the Swiss long-term Forest Ecosystem Research (LWF) network (https://www.wsl.ch/LWF). This allowed us to take advantage from the existing infrastructure and data from a previous litterbag study with local litter. In Beatenberg and Schaenis, additional elevation transects were established (1200-1800 m and 540-1150 m, respectively) to examine particularly the effect of temperature on decomposition. In Pfynwald (https://www.wsl.ch/de/ueber-die-wsl/versuchsanlagen-und-labors/flaechen-im-wald/pfynwald.html) and Salgesch, infrastructure of running projects was used to examine the effect of drought and understory removal, respectively. In Novaggio, tea bags were incubated in summer and winter to study the effect of seasonality particularly precipitation. Tea bags are collected after 3, 12, 24, and 36 months; for the two time-shifted experiments additionally after 6 and 9 months.
The study has two primary objectives. Firstly, it contributes to TeaComposition initiative (http://teacomposition.org/) which aims at investigating long-term litter decomposition and its key drivers at present as well as under different future climate scenarios using a common protocol and standard litter (tea) across nine terrestrial biomes. Secondly, the data are used to further develop decomposition models such as Yasso (http://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/yasso) which is used by several countries, including Switzerland to estimate the annual carbon fluxes in dead wood, litter, and soil for reporting in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol.

en: LWF-Tea bag sites

en: decomposition modeling green-tea verification carbon litter roiboos forest tea-bag

title_for_slug: lwf-tea-bag-sites

carbon

display_name: carbon

decomposition

display_name: decomposition

forest

display_name: forest

green-tea

display_name: green-tea

litter

display_name: litter

modeling

display_name: modeling

roiboos

display_name: roiboos

tea-bag

display_name: tea-bag

verification

display_name: verification


en:
In summer 2014, 6 rock blocks between 20 and 80kg have been thrown in total 111 times down a slope at the Swiss Oberalppass close to the village Tschamut. The slope was mainly covered by grass and its lower part was flat and large enough to provide natural runouts of the single trajectories.
An extensive measurement program has been set up to measure the block trajectories: With surveyor's instruments the slope and the six used rock blocks were scanned and the start and end positions of each test were recorded. During the single events two cameras filmed the trajectories. A special sensor device located within the blocks recorded the acting accelerations and rotational speeds over time. Further, the device emitted a Wifi signal that got detected from eight receivers around the slope. Based on this signal the block position has been recorded over time.
The dataset contains all data that were gathered through above field campaign.

en: Repetitive trajectory testing in Tschamut 2014

en: experiment field-test mass-movements rockfall trajectory natural-hazards field-data experiments field-tests

en:
Resource Title: Tschamut2014_Slope+BlockScans
    Size: 1779331 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6a7664a6-77a9-49c9-9498-4b63c018fa09/resource/8cf275ca-06d0-47cf-b67f-48780b019ae6/download/geosciences-08-00088-s001.zip
    Description: These data contain the point clouds obtained from laser scanning the test slope and the six test blocks used for the experiments. The coordinates of the slope are given in CH-1903 format. The coordinates of the block point clouds are kept in a lokal x/y/z coordinate system.

en:
Resource Title: Overview of all tests
    Size: 44962 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6a7664a6-77a9-49c9-9498-4b63c018fa09/resource/467dc8f8-9069-4c87-8856-3d12817633be/download/overviewalltests.zip
    Description: This table gives an overview on all tests performed including
- block used
- start & end position
- number of jumps
- etc.
-

en:
Resource Title: Jumps and impacts
    Size: 1051503 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6a7664a6-77a9-49c9-9498-4b63c018fa09/resource/e2f0958e-2b51-49ce-ba25-40c4ffd331a7/download/jumpsandimpacts.zip
    Description: This table contains data of more than 2200 of each jumps and impacts of the test blocks on a grassy slope. It gives there durations in combination with acting accerlartions and the rotational speed of the blocks. The data were retrieved using the block internal accelerometer and rotation sensors. The combination of these data with the measurement from the local positioning system allows the deduction of jump lengths, slope gradient etc.

en:
Resource Title: Block trajectories recorded from local positioning system
    Size: 6430962 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6a7664a6-77a9-49c9-9498-4b63c018fa09/resource/b6dc0f14-5b86-4353-a2a6-ef06c0ddf0ad/download/trajectoriesfromlps.zip
    Description: This file contains more than 80 rockfall trajectories projected onto the terrain, i.e. the positions of the single blocks over time during the single tests that were recorded by the local positioning system with about 10Hz. It contains the detected positions as well as a smoothened path (see Volkwein et al., Geosciences, 2018). The table also contains the derived velocities and accelerations along the slope (attention: these accelerations are the once that occur during an impact).

experiment

display_name: experiment

experiments

display_name: experiments

field-data

display_name: field-data

field-test

display_name: field-test

field-tests

display_name: field-tests

mass-movements

display_name: mass-movements

trajectory

display_name: trajectory


en: We recorded snow ablation maps with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS, Riegl-VZ6000) at the Gletschboden area. The TLS position is located approximately 30 vertical meters above the Gletschboden area at a northerly exposed slope. In total 44 TLS measurement sets have been conducted in three consecutive years 2014-2016 (2014: 13 measurements; 2015: 17 measurements; 2016: 14 measurements). The TLS system has a single-point measurement frequency of 300 kHz and a beam divergence of 0.007°. This set-up allows a horizontal resolution of approximately 0.01 m in 100 m distance to the TLS position. One scan of the Gletschboden area lasts approximately 15 minutes. The travel time from the laser scanner towards the surface is recorded and afterwards converted into a point cloud of distances. 5 reflectors located at the Gletschboden area and in the closer surroundings were additionally scanned during each measurement to transform the point cloud from the scanner own coordinate system into Swiss coordinates. Additionally, orthophotos have been created by using pictures recorded from the TLS in order to provide snow mask maps. Snow and bare ground can be distinguished by the RGB color information of the orthophoto. Cells with blue band information greater than 175 were categorized as snow and all cells with values smaller or equal 175 were categorized as bare ground.

en: DISCHMEX - High-resolution daily snow ablation rates in an Alpine environment

en: tls patchy-snow-covers snow-ablation-rates terrestrial-laser-scanning riegl-vz6000

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: Gletschboden test site
    Size: 352578 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/645e45ec-fc90-432c-a29e-d1d79781d5b2/download/dischma_neu.pdf
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Snowmask 2016
    Size: 1979860 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/2b54670d-74e9-4ea5-8fcd-4ea98ad26ed6/download/2016snowmask.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: DEM 2014
    Size: 76297946 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/299a98ef-94e5-4bdd-912f-24b347d20da6/download/2014dem.zip
    Description: Digital Elevation Modell 2014

en:
Resource Title: DEM 2016
    Size: 73447711 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/787f969b-71db-4ec9-967b-7e0198dd9d71/download/2016dem.zip
    Description: Digital Elevation Modell 2016

en:
Resource Title: Snowmask 2014
    Size: 2069460 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/5a5b22eb-a0ae-4552-a7b3-34631c3ae998/download/2014snowmask.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: DEM 2015
    Size: 85474333 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/9d19c582-76ca-45df-b032-46d8346f45be/download/2015dem.zip
    Description: Digital Elevation Modell 2015

en:
Resource Title: Snowmask 2015
    Size: 6736562 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b961ebc-1c86-45ec-8b6d-8efdd2e8babe/resource/89c08602-142c-4fdb-9c76-3993a9d0dbfc/download/2015snowmask.zip
    Description:

patchy-snow-covers

display_name: patchy-snow-covers

snow-ablation-rates

display_name: snow-ablation-rates

terrestrial-laser-scanning

display_name: terrestrial-laser-scanning

tls

display_name: tls


weissfluhjoch-dataset-for-esm-snowmip

en: This Weissfluhjoch dataset is a processed version  of the Weissfluhjoch dataset version 6 from https://doi.org/10.16904/6. This dataset was specially created for the ESM-SnowMIP project. Here it is documented how this dataset has been created.

en: Weissfluhjoch dataset for ESM-SnowMIP

en: snow-depth esm-snowmip weissfluhjoch snow snow-models

title_for_slug: weissfluhjoch-dataset-for-esm-snowmip

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: Dataset Weissfluhjoch for ESM-SnowMIP
    Size: 11596605 bytes
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9264e9f-ea9b-4c89-b471-464efb891826/resource/a5918c50-6716-4dcf-b462-e1970ae1e072/download/wfj.smet
    Description: Dataset Weissfluhjoch for ESM-SnowMIP

en:
Resource Title: WFJ_AirPressure_Data.zip
    Size: 4688961 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9264e9f-ea9b-4c89-b471-464efb891826/resource/b834a645-c5e0-4bf1-bceb-17a2eb62b61a/download/wfjairpressuredata.zip
    Description: WFJ_AirPressure_Data.zip

en:
Resource Title: ini file
    Size: 1410 bytes
    Format: text/x-ini
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9264e9f-ea9b-4c89-b471-464efb891826/resource/c7f7533e-03f2-42c2-ad82-36d3c6ab8fd2/download/io.ini
    Description: This ini file is required by data-converter from MeteoIO version 1887 (http://models.slf.ch/p/meteoio/)

en:
Resource Title: Conversion script
    Size: 900 bytes
    Format: text/x-sh
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9264e9f-ea9b-4c89-b471-464efb891826/resource/aa8942dc-5fe5-4792-bf4b-1b950d9c6204/download/createwfjdataset.sh
    Description: Use this script to convert WFJ_optimaldataset_v6.smet to wfj.smet, the file that is used for the ESM-SnowMIP project. It also requires the file: WFJ_AirPressure_Data.zip

Use: bash create_wfj_dataset.sh > input/wfj.smet

esm-snowmip

display_name: esm-snowmip

snow

display_name: snow

snow-depth

display_name: snow-depth

snow-models

display_name: snow-models

weissfluhjoch

display_name: weissfluhjoch


en:
The dataset comprises - 90 000 records from inventories in 54 strict forest reserves in [Switzerland](https://www.wsl.ch/de/wald/biodiversitaet-naturschutz-urwald/naturwaldreservate.html) and [Lower Saxony / Germany](http://naturwaelder.de/) along a considerable environmental gradient. It was used to develop parsimonious, species-specific mortality models for 18 European tree species based on tree size and growth as well as additional covariates on stand structure and climate.
 Inventory data
Measurements had been conducted repeatedly on up to 14 permanent plots per reserve for up to 60 years with re-measurement intervals of 4 - 27 years. The permanent plots vary in size between 0.03 and 3.47 ha. The inventories provide diameter measurements at breast height (DBH) and information on the species and status (alive or dead) of trees with DBH ≥ 4 cm for Switzerland and ≥ 7 cm for Germany.
 Data selection
We excluded three permanent plots where at least 80 % of the trees died during an interval of 10 years, and mortality could be clearly assigned to a disturbance agent. Mortality in the remaining stands was rather low, with a mean annual mortality rate of 1.5 % and strong variation between plots from 0 to 6.5 % (assessed for trees of all species with DBH ≥ 7 cm).
We only used data from permanent plots with at least 20 trees per species to obtain reliable plot-level mortality rates even for species with low mortality rates (about 5 % during 10 years), and selected tree species occurring on at least 10 plots to cover sufficient ecological gradients. This led to a dataset of 197 permanent plots and 18 tree or shrub species: _Abies alba_ Mill., _Acer campestre_ L., _Acer pseudoplatanus_ L., _Alnus incana_ Moench., _Betula pendula_ Roth, _Carpinus betulus_ L., _Cornus mas_ L., _Corylus avellana_ L., _Fagus sylvatica_ L., _Fraxinus excelsior_ L., _Picea abies_ (L.) Karst, _Pinus mugo_ Turra, _Pinus sylvestris_ L., _Quercus pubescens_ Willd., _Quercus_ spp. (_Q. petraea_ Liebl. and _Q. robur_ L.; not properly differentiated in the Swiss inventories), _Sorbus aria_ Crantz, _Tilia cordata_ Mill. and _Ulmus glabra_ Huds..
 Predictors of tree mortality
We considered tree size and growth as key indicators for mortality risk. Radial stem growth between the first and second inventory and DBH at the second inventory were used to predict tree status (alive or dead) at the third inventory. To this end, the annual relative basal area increment (relBAI) was calculated as the compound annual growth rate of the trees basal area. Additional covariates on stand structure and climate comprise mean annual precipitation sum (P), mean annual air temperature (mT), the mean and the interquartile range of DBH (mDBH, iqrDBH), basal area (BA) and the number of trees (N) per hectare.
 Further information
For further information, refer to Hülsmann _et al_. (in press) How to kill a tree – Empirical mortality models for eighteen species and their performance in a dynamic forest model. _Ecological Applications_.

en: Calibration data for empirical mortality models of 18 European tree species

en: tree-mortality forest-reserves tree-growth empirical-mortality-models inventory-data

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

empirical-mortality-models

display_name: empirical-mortality-models

forest-reserves

display_name: forest-reserves

inventory-data

display_name: inventory-data

tree-growth

display_name: tree-growth

tree-mortality

display_name: tree-mortality


en:
Stable water isotopes (δ18O) obtained from snow and ice samples of polar regions are used to reconstruct past climate variability, but heat and mass transport processes can affect the isotopic composition. Here we present an experimental study on the effect on the snow isotopic composition by airflow through a snow pack in controlled laboratory conditions. The influence of isothermal and controlled temperature gradient conditions on the δ18O content in the snow and interstitial water vapor is elucidated. The observed disequilibrium between snow and vapor isotopes led to exchange of isotopes between snow and vapor under non-equilibrium processes, significantly changing the δ18O content of the snow. The type of metamorphism of the snow had a significant influence on this process.
Ebner, P. P., Steen-Larsen, H. C., Stenni, B., Schneebeli, M., and Steinfeld, A.: Experimental observation of transient δ18O interaction between snow and advective airflow under various temperature gradient conditions, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-16, accepted, 2017.

en: Experiments on stable water isotopes,  snow metamorphism, and advection

en: snow advection stable-water-isotope 18o metamorphism

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: Read-me
    Size: 974 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f87efc01-9914-4a75-998f-7dfc1fcef563/resource/92a315fd-1e17-4b9e-bce3-e69a3fac0d0a/download/readme.txt
    Description: A short description of the data contained in the zipped-file. Recommended for reading before downloading the dataset.

en:
Resource Title: Data files and read-me
    Size: 8226023 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f87efc01-9914-4a75-998f-7dfc1fcef563/resource/e133ed87-de41-4595-87c9-b07f696c5cce/download/archive.zip
    Description: raw data and micro-CT data available from contacts

advection

display_name: advection

metamorphism

display_name: metamorphism

stable-water-isotope

display_name: stable-water-isotope


en:
This dataset contains eddy-covariance measurements in the ablation period of 2014-2016. Measurements were taken from two turbulence towers over a long-lasting snow patch, which are 5 m apart from each other (2014 and 2015). The turbulence towers were equipped with two YOUNG ultrasonic anemometers mounted 0.7 m (in 2014) and 3.3 m (in 2015) above snow-free ground, two ultrasonic anemometers (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) mounted at 2.6 m (in 2014) and 2.2 m (in 2015) above snow-free ground and one anemometer (DA-600, Kaijo Denki) mounted at 0.3 m above snow surface.
The measurement setup changed in 2016 and includes a measurement above the snow-free ground in upwind direction (Swiss coordinates: 790191/176689). The measurement tower is equipped with one ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) in 3.3 m above the snow-free ground. Additionally, one measurement tower is installed above the long-Lasting snow patch and equipped with the same setup as 2015.
Turbulence data were sampled at a frequency of 20 Hz. The processing of the data to quality controlled fluxes has been done with the Biomicrometeorology flux software (Thomas et al., 2009). The program applies plausibility tests and a despiking test after Vickers and Mahrt (1997) on the measured data. The routine further applies a time-lag correction and considers the deployment (e.g.  the sonic azimuth). A frequency response correction (Moore, 1986) is done and a three-dimensional rotation is performed. Finally, quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) flags after Foken et al., (2004) are issued and fast Fourier transform power and co-spectra are calculated.  The change in snow height is considered in the post-processing for every measurement day. The turbulence data were averaged to 30 minute intervals.

en: DISCHMEX - Impact of extreme land-surface heterogeneity on micrometeorology over spring snow-cover

en: patchy-snow-covers snow-patch turbulent-sensible-heat-fluxes eddy-covariance-measurements dischmex

en:
Resource Title: S4 2014
    Size: 717473 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/60ca7742-4ab9-49f6-9318-3dac0c4ae4bd/download/s4-2014.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (R.M. Young Company) in 0.7 m.

en:
Resource Title: S1 2016
    Size: 842796 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/b5c85840-bf9f-4605-b4c7-9d05b00f2cdc/download/s1-2016.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (R.M. Young Company) in 3.5 m.

en:
Resource Title: S5 2014
    Size: 212111 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/fb937402-fc94-4121-9d55-809664005628/download/s5-2014.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (DA-600, Kaijo-Denki) in 0.3 m on a daily basis.

en:
Resource Title: S1 2014
    Size: 725025 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/486e31a9-78e2-4736-9cad-a40c0958662c/download/s1-2014.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) in 2.6 m.

en:
Resource Title: S3 2016
    Size: 860498 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/0425d29f-b2cd-4092-afe6-00ca6fbd2303/download/s3-2016.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific Inc.) in 1.7 m on a daily basis.

en:
Resource Title: S1 2015
    Size: 737846 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/68c609d2-beb3-45b7-bbd4-cdf33de5f6e1/download/s1-2015.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (R.M. Young Company) in 3.3 m.

en:
Resource Title: S2 2014
    Size: 726971 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/25ce04fb-452c-439e-b1fe-8ef2ccb1ea4e/download/s2-2014.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) in 2.6 m.

en:
Resource Title: S2 2016
    Size: 571682 bytes
    Format: application/zip
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    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific Inc.) in 3.2 m on a daily basis.

en:
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    Size: 271399 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/d9037751-fbdf-438c-a1b0-03aa3301c065/download/s5-2015.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (DA-600, Kaijo-Denki) in 0.3 m on a daily basis.

en:
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    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/96640b5b-18e4-4de4-b19b-d8be3fabe9a6/download/s3-2014.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (R.M. Young Company) in 0.7 m.

en:
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format: PNG

media_type: image/png

en:
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    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/43081c3a-5d6c-4f7c-9259-b221e82f9b61/download/s5-2016.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (DA-600, Kaijo-Denki) in 0.3 m on a daily basis.

en:
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    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/81cb8412-b9bf-4ac8-a65b-7fdd0c597087/download/s2-2015.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (R.M. Young Company) in 3.3 m.

en:
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    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/7e8c6dac-80cf-49d7-bd85-2a61d3336e6f/resource/9e551281-5120-4041-860e-8d2fc911c9dd/download/s3-2015.zip
    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) in 2.2 m.

en:
Resource Title: Output explanation
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en:
Resource Title: S4 2015
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    Format: application/zip
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    Description: Eddy-covariance measurement with an ultrasonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) in 2.2 m.

dischmex

display_name: dischmex

eddy-covariance-measurements

display_name: eddy-covariance-measurements

patchy-snow-covers

display_name: patchy-snow-covers

snow-patch

display_name: snow-patch

turbulent-sensible-heat-fluxes

display_name: turbulent-sensible-heat-fluxes


en:
Dataset of meteorological and snowpack measurements from the automatic weather station at Weissfluhjoch, Davos, Switzerland, suitable for driving snowpack models. The dataset contains standard meteorological measurements, and additionally snowpack runoff data from a snow lysimeter. Where possible, data is quality checked and missing data are replaced from backup sensors from the measurement site itself, or (in only a few cases) from the MeteoSwiss weather station at 470 m distance and 150 m above the measurement site.
Publication
Wever, N., Schmid, L., Heilig, A., Eisen, O., Fierz, C., and Lehning, M. Verification of the multi-layer SNOWPACK model with different water transport schemes. 2015. The Cryosphere. Volume 9. 2271-2293. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2271-2015.

en: WFJ_MOD: Meteorological and snowpack measurements from Weissfluhjoch, Davos, Switzerland

en: longwave-radiation wind-speed snow-depth shortwave-radiation air-temperature snow-ice-temperature humidity precipitation-amount wind-direction

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

envi

en: Environment

en:
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    URL: https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/envicloud/slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/WFJ_optimaldataset_v2.smet
    Description: Deprecated version. Release notes:

Bug fix: in v1, incoming radiation components were taken from WFJ_Gipfel station, instead of WFJ Versuchsfeld.

en:
Resource Title: Version 3
    Size: 0
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/envicloud/slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/WFJ_optimaldataset_v3.smet
    Description: Deprecated version. Release notes:

Bug fix: in version 2, the undercatch correction was not applied correctly

Bug fix: in version 2, snow lysimeter data was missing for extended periods of time

Update: dataset extended to 2016-01-02T00:30

Update: refreshing data originating from MeteoSwiss (particularly precipitation)

en:
Resource Title: SNOWPACK ini file (old syntax)
    Size: 2223 bytes
    Format: text/x-ini
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/38112bee-f865-4b29-ba19-47a99ba78833/resource/e51b83ae-99a6-42f0-add4-8da9590c6573/download/iowfjref.ini
    Description: This ini-file can be used to run SNOWPACK simulations with the WFJ data set, using version 3.4.0 or higher.

en:
Resource Title: All versions
    Size: 0
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://envicloud.wsl.ch/#/?prefix=slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: SNOWPACK sno file
    Size: 1095 bytes
    Format: .sno
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/38112bee-f865-4b29-ba19-47a99ba78833/resource/ec0609f1-42fa-4a20-945e-6809bb15a8a0/download/wfj2.sno
    Description: This sno-file can be used to run SNOWPACK simulations with the WFJ data set, using version 3.4.0 or higher.

en:
Resource Title: Version 4
    Size: 0
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/envicloud/slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/WFJ_optimaldataset_v4.smet
    Description: Deprecated version. Release notes:

Update: dataset extended to 2016-09-02T00:30

Update: refreshing data originating from MeteoSwiss (particularly precipitation)

en:
Resource Title: Undercatch correction
    Size: 59121 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/38112bee-f865-4b29-ba19-47a99ba78833/resource/022a5232-e9a6-4972-a59a-f1aedc2697d3/download/undercatch.pdf
    Description: This document describes how the undercatch correction for the Weissfluhjoch measurement site was determined.

en:
Resource Title: Version 7 (current)
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    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/38112bee-f865-4b29-ba19-47a99ba78833/resource/3074d1dc-6083-4025-9ac4-484cfa88658b/download/wfj_optimaldataset_v7.smet
    Description: Release notes:

Bug fix: in previous versions, snow lysimeter data from September 2010 onwards was erroneously reported for UTC+2, instead of UTC+1 (i.e., reported one hour later than should have been).

Update: dataset extended to 2017-07-11T00:30.

en:
Resource Title: Version 1
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    URL: https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/envicloud/slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/WFJ_optimaldataset.smet
    Description: Deprecated version. Release notes:

First release of dataset.

en:
Resource Title: Version 6
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    URL: https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/envicloud/slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/WFJ_optimaldataset_v6.smet
    Description: Deprecated version.

Release notes:

- Missing ISWR for 2009-09-30 and 2010-04-30 has been replaced by data from WFJ Gipfel

This dataset is the basis for the Weissfluhjoch dataset in ESM-SnowMIP (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.16904/16).

en:
Resource Title: SNOWPACK ini file (new syntax)
    Size: 2490 bytes
    Format: text/x-ini
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/38112bee-f865-4b29-ba19-47a99ba78833/resource/8d201858-fba9-449c-b41b-4e49624fa6cc/download/iowfjref.ini
    Description: This ini-file can be used to run SNOWPACK simulations with the WFJ data set, using the new MeteoIO Filter, Generator and Interpolation syntax.

en:
Resource Title: Version 5
    Size: 0
    Format: application/x-smet
    URL: https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/envicloud/slf/snow_and_permafrost/wfj_mod/WFJ_optimaldataset_v5.smet
    Description: Deprecated version. Release notes:

Update: using the incoming and outgoing short- and longwave radiation data from the new processing chain from 2010 onwards, filling also data gaps in pre-2010 data.

Update: dataset extended to 2016-10-04T00:30

Update: refreshing data originating from MeteoSwiss (particularly precipitation)

air-temperature

display_name: air-temperature

humidity

display_name: humidity

longwave-radiation

display_name: longwave-radiation

precipitation-amount

display_name: precipitation-amount

shortwave-radiation

display_name: shortwave-radiation

snow-ice-temperature

display_name: snow-ice-temperature

wind-direction

display_name: wind-direction

wind-speed

display_name: wind-speed


en:
The data correspond to the experiments presented and discussed in a paper regarding the interaction between turbulent wind fluctuations and snow saltation mass-fluxes (Paterna, 2016). Each of the nine data files corresponds to a different experiment presented in the paper and conducted in the winter 2014/2015 in the WSL/SLF cold wind tunnel in Davos. For each file the five columns indicate the time from the beginning of the experiment, the streamwise (u’) and the vertical (w’) wind velocity fluctuations, the streamwise (qx) and the vertical (qz) snow mass-flux components. From these time-series the scales of the snow saltation and of the turbulent flow are obtained with respect to the eddy-cycles and snow saltation cycles. From spectral analysis of the time-series a decoupling of the snow saltation from the turbulence forcing reveals two regimes of interaction: a turbulence-dependent regime occurring with weak saltation, and a turbulence-independent regime with strong saltation. Further details can be found at the link below.
Publication http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL068171/abstract

en: Wind tunnel measurement data of drifting snow and turbulent wind fluctuations

en: saltation snow-depth vertical-wind-motion snow-cover boundary-layer-winds

boundary-layer-winds

display_name: boundary-layer-winds

saltation

display_name: saltation

snow-cover

display_name: snow-cover

snow-depth

display_name: snow-depth

vertical-wind-motion

display_name: vertical-wind-motion


en:
Dataset (Model input, snow distribution and validation) for the precipitation scaling paper, which should be cited along with the data set citation.
This data is useful for distributed hydrological modelling or other tasks that involve the study of snow distribution and precipitation in the high Alpine.
The format of the data is for Alpine3D (models.slf.ch) model runs but other models could be used, too.
Please cite:
_Vögeli, C., Lehning, M., Wever, N., Bavay M., 2016: Scaling Precipitation Input to Spatially Distributed Hydrological Models by Measured Snow Distribution., Front. Earth Sci. 4: 108. doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00108._
Dataset is provided as a single zip file.
The archive contains two directories, the valuable distributed snow depth maps for the landscape Davos and the simulation input.
The archive also contains the file: "ReadMeMetadataDataSetPrecipitationScaling" which explains the data structure.

en: Precipitation Scaling Data Set (Vögeli et al., Frontiers)

en: snow-cover snow-distribution snow snow-hydrology alpine-precipitation alpine3d-simulations alpine3d

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

alpine-precipitation

display_name: alpine-precipitation

snow

display_name: snow

snow-distribution

display_name: snow-distribution

snow-hydrology

display_name: snow-hydrology


en: To study the performance of mature Scots pine (_Pinus sylvestris_ L.) under chronic drought conditions in comparison to their immediate physiological response to drought release, a controlled long-term and large-scale irrigation experiment has been set up in 2003. The experiment is located in a xeric mature Scots pine forest in the Pfynwald (46° 18' N, 7° 36' E, 615 m a.s.l.) in one of the driest inner-Alpine valleys of the European Alps, the Valais (mean annual temperature: 9.2°C, annual precipitation sum: 657 mm, both 1961-1990). Tree age is on average 100 years, the top height is 10.8 m and the stand density is 730 stems ha-1 with a basal area of 27.3 m2 ha-1. The forest is described as _Erico Pinetum sylvestris_ and the soil is a shallow pararendzina characterized by low water retention. The experimental site (1.2 ha; 800 trees) is split up into eight plots of 1'000 m2 each. During April-October, irrigation is applied on four randomly selected plots with sprinklers of 1 m height at night using water from an adjacent water channel. The amount of irrigation corresponds to a supplementary rainfall of 700 mm year-1. Trees in the other four plots grow under naturally dry conditions. Soil moisture has been monitored since the beginning of the project at 3 soil depths (10, 20 and 60 cm). The crown condition of each tree is being assessed each year since 2003. Tree measurement data such as diameter at breast height, tree height, and social status were assessed in 2002, 2009 and 2014. The duration of the irrigation experiment is planned for 20 years.

en: Tree measurements 2002-2016 from the long-term irrigation experiment Pfynwald, Switzerland

en: swiss-forest-lab diameter-at-breast-height drought irrigation tree crown-condition dbh tree-species scots-pine lwf forest

envi

en: Environment

en:
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    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Swiss Forest Health Inventory
    Size: 1 bytes
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    URL: https://www.wsl.ch/en/forest/forest-development-and-monitoring/sanasilva-forest-health-inventory.html
    Description:

format: HTML

media_type: text/html

en:
Resource Title: Long-term Irrigation	Experiment Pfynwald homepage
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    Format: text/html
    URL: https://www.wsl.ch/en/about-wsl/instrumented-field-sites-and-laboratories/experimental-sites-in-forests/pfynwald.html
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Dataset
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    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0e18a914-f2e4-47df-a86c-a44a1b0055e4/resource/81280262-3628-458c-8dbf-33ed80eb222a/download/envidatpfyncrowncond2016.xlsx
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: Site photo 1
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    Format: image/jpeg
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0e18a914-f2e4-47df-a86c-a44a1b0055e4/resource/e0eed15d-de04-44f0-8601-cb531f9fa916/download/20150709pfyn117.jpg
    Description:

format: jpeg

en:
Resource Title: Site photo 3
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    Format: image/jpeg
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/0e18a914-f2e4-47df-a86c-a44a1b0055e4/resource/e3c46133-0b7c-4d9c-a3d0-ba0e91e663b5/download/20150709pfyn218.jpg
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en:
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    Description:

crown-condition

display_name: crown-condition

dbh

display_name: dbh

diameter-at-breast-height

display_name: diameter-at-breast-height

drought

display_name: drought

forest

display_name: forest

irrigation

display_name: irrigation

lwf

display_name: lwf

scots-pine

display_name: scots-pine

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab

tree

display_name: tree

tree-species

display_name: tree-species


en:
During the last 45 years, about 100 people lost their lives in avalanches in the European Alps each year. Avalanche fatalities in settlements and on transportation corridors have considerably decreased since the 1970s. In contrast, the number of avalanche fatalities during recreational activities away from avalanche-secured terrain doubled between the 1960s and 1980s and has remained relatively stable since, despite a continuing strong increase in winter backcountry recreational activities.
Data complementing Figure 2 in:
_"Avalanche fatalities in the European Alps: long-term trends and statistics"_, by Techel, F., Jarry, F., Kronthaler, G., Mitterer, S., Nairz, P., Pavšek, M., Valt, M., and Darms, G.
Data description:
please refer to section 2 (Data and Methods) in the mentioned publication

en: Avalanche fatalities in the European Alps (1969/1970 - 2014/2015)

en: avalanche-accident-statistics avalanche-statistics avalanche-fatalities avalanche-accident long-term-trends

avalanche-accident

display_name: avalanche-accident

avalanche-accident-statistics

display_name: avalanche-accident-statistics

avalanche-fatalities

display_name: avalanche-fatalities

avalanche-statistics

display_name: avalanche-statistics

long-term-trends

display_name: long-term-trends