en: This repository contains plant community data collected at 180 sites across five types of urban green spaces (allotments, gardens, green areas in residential estates, parks, and ruderal sites) in three Swiss cities (Lugano, Geneva, Zurich). There are 12 sites per UGS type and city (i.e., 60 sites per city). Plant communities were sampled in 100 m2 plots, and coverage was recorded using the extended Braun-Blanquet scale. The data is part of the SNF Synergia project PAPPUS.

en: Data on the plant composition in 5 urban green space types and 3 Swiss Cities (project PAPPUS)

en: human-preferences urban-plants urban-greenspaces ubran-biodiversity origin-status

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en:
Resource Title: Native plant community
    Size: 262862 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3bb645df-e8d4-4887-93c4-d91a24afdea5/resource/ca98f7fd-5e48-4ffc-b5cd-b8a9b6fd4b15/download/community_matrix_native_f.csv
    Description: The dataset contains the native plant communities  sampled in the 180 study sites. Rows are sites and columns are plant species. Cells contain the numerical values of the extended Braun-Blanquet coverage classes (e.g., https://doi.org/10.1658/1100-9233(2007)18[413:HRITMO]2.0.CO;2). Native species are considered as thosw whose natural distribution ranges are within continental Europe, following (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.107243)

Sites IDs are composed by City_UGStype + Values orthogonal gradient + replicate number:

    City: 3 levels, GE = Geneva, ZH= Zurich, LG = Lugano
    UGStype: 5 levels, Al = Allotments, Ga = private gardens, Es = green areas in residential estates, Pa = parks, Ru = ruderal sites.
    Orthogonal gradient: Landscape urbanization class + Local structural diversity class. 4 combinations: HH, HL, LH, LL. H =high, L = Low
    Replicate, numeric. 1-3

en:
Resource Title: Non-native plant community
    Size: 183641 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3bb645df-e8d4-4887-93c4-d91a24afdea5/resource/b0270e86-5580-4b99-8f94-a903178db451/download/community_matrix_nonnative_f.csv
    Description: The dataset contains the non-native plant communities  sampled in the 180 study sites. Rows are sites and columns are plant species. Cells contain the numerical values of the extended Braun-Blanquet coverage classes (e.g., https://doi.org/10.1658/1100-9233(2007)18[413:HRITMO]2.0.CO;2). Native species are considered as those whose natural distribution ranges are outside continental Europe, following (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.107243). They include invasive species and exotics.

Sites IDs are composed by City_UGStype + Values orthogonal gradient + replicate number:

    City: 3 levels, GE = Geneva, ZH= Zurich, LG = Lugano
    UGStype: 5 levels, Al = Allotments, Ga = private gardens, Es = green areas in residential estates, Pa = parks, Ru = ruderal sites.
    Orthogonal gradient: Landscape urbanization class + Local structural diversity class. 4 combinations: HH, HL, LH, LL. H =high, L = Low
    Replicate, numeric. 1-3

en:
Resource Title: Full plant community
    Size: 449744 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3bb645df-e8d4-4887-93c4-d91a24afdea5/resource/70681117-86df-43b9-abf9-870d027eb8af/download/community_matrix.csv
    Description: The dataset contains the full plant communities (including both native and non-native species) sampled in the 180 study sites. Rows are sites and columns are plant species. Cells contain the numerical values of the extended Braun-Blanquet coverage classes (e.g., https://doi.org/10.1658/1100-9233(2007)18[413:HRITMO]2.0.CO;2).

Sites IDs are composed by City_UGStype + Values orthogonal gradient + replicate number:
- City: 3 levels, GE = Geneva, ZH= Zurich, LG = Lugano
- UGStype: 5 levels, Al = Allotments, Ga = private gardens, Es = green areas in residential estates, Pa = parks, Ru = ruderal sites.
- Orthogonal gradient: Landscape urbanization class + Local structural diversity class.  4 combinations: HH, HL, LH, LL.  H =high, L = Low
- Replicate, numeric. 1-3

human-preferences

display_name: human-preferences

origin-status

display_name: origin-status

ubran-biodiversity

display_name: ubran-biodiversity

urban-greenspaces

display_name: urban-greenspaces

urban-plants

display_name: urban-plants


$oid: OBSOLETE

en:
This dataset supports the analysis presented in "From point clouds to forest management: Quantifying the sensitivity of a decision support framework to initialization data using close-range remote sensing" (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103896). The repository covers two parts of the analysis: (1) data preparation from LiDAR-based forest inventories, and (2) sensitivity analysis of decision support system (DSS) outputs. The intermediate forest simulation (ForClim v4.1) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) were carried out using an external pipeline described in Blattert et al. (2024), using the R package rforclim (v1.01.001) by Hiltner & Marano (2025). The corresponding model outputs are included here as inputs to the sensitivity analysis, making all analyses in this repository fully reproducible without requiring access to the simulation pipeline. The ForClim model (v4.1) (Marano et al., 2025) is openly available from the ETH Zurich Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems (https://ites-fe.ethz.ch/openaccess/products/forclim). Climate data were sourced from the publicly available Swiss CH2018 dataset (CH2018 Project Team, 2018). Soil data were sourced from Baltensweiler et al. (2024). For a detailed description of the repository structure, scripts, and data files, see the README file included in this dataset.
 References
Blattert C, Mutterer S, Thrippleton T, Diaci J, Fidej G, Bont LG, Schweier J (2024). Managing European Alpine forests with close-to-nature forestry to improve climate change mitigation and multifunctionality. Ecological Indicators, 165, 112154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112154
Baltensweiler A, Walthert L, Hanewinkel M, Zimmermann S, Nussbaum M (2024). Soil property maps for the Swiss forest. EnviDat. https://doi.org/10.16904/envidat.484
CH2018 Project Team (2018). CH2018 - Climate Scenarios for Switzerland. National Centre for Climate Services, Zurich. https://www.nccs.admin.ch/nccs/en/home/climate-change-and-impacts/swiss-climate-change-scenarios/ch2018---climate-scenarios-for-switzerland.html
Marano, G., Hiltner, U., Meusburger, K., Hands, T., & Bugmann, H. (2025). Predicting drought-induced tree mortality in Swiss beech forests hinges upon predisposing and inciting factors (p. 2025.12.15.694299). bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.15.694299
Hiltner U, Marano G (2025). rforclim: Collection of useful functions to parameterize and run the forest model ForClim. R package version 1.01.001. Available on request from the ETH Zurich Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems.

en: sensitivity-analysis forest-model ecosystem-services lidar forest-inventory decision-support uncertainty

envidat

approval_status: approved

fr: EnviDat est le portail de données du WSL; il offre un accès uniformisé et réglementé aux données de surveillance et de recherche en matière d’environnement. Ce portail est capable d’héberger et de publier des ensembles de données précieuses et uniques, qui sont partagées aux quatre coins de la planète. Ce faisant, EnviDat favorise la recherche et contribue à l’avancement des sciences environnementales.

de: EnviDat ist das Datenportal der WSL für einen einheitlichen und verwalteten Zugang zu Umweltdaten aus Monitoring- und Forschungsprojekten. Auf dem Portal können Datensätze gehostet und veröffentlicht werden. Durch die weltweite Bereitstellung einzigartiger und wertvoller Datensätze leistet EnviDat einen Beitrag zur Forschung im Bereich der Umweltwissenschaften.

it: EnviDat è il portale dati del WSL che fornisce un accesso unificato e gestito ai dati di monitoraggio ambientale e di ricerca. Il portale ha la capacità di ospitare e pubblicare serie di dati preziosi e unici che vengono condivisi in tutto il mondo. Così facendo, EnviDat promuove la ricerca e contribuisce al progresso della scienza ambientale.

de: EnviDat: das Umwelt-Datenportal

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

fr: EnviDat: le portail de données environnementales

it: EnviDat: il portale dei dati ambientali

political_level: other

state: active

type: organization

wsl

capacity: public

de: EnviDat

type: dataset

key: guid

key: uri

value: Envidat Harvester

envi

de: Umwelt

en: Environment

fr: Environnement

it: Ambiente

en:
Resource Title: README.md
    Size: 4149 bytes
    Format: text/markdown
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b3838ed-8433-492d-8424-2a19ae134b0a/resource/eaa7ed36-52f8-47fc-827c-a54a71292a4a/download/readme.md
    Description:

format: markdown

en:
Resource Title: dss_sensitivity_analysis_envidat.zip
    Size: 20615843021 bytes
    Format: No Info
    URL: https://envicloud.wsl.ch/#/?bucket=https%3A%2F%2Fos.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch%2Fenvicloud%2F&prefix=doi%2Fenvidat.784%2F
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: README.html
    Size: 23631 bytes
    Format: text/html
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/6b3838ed-8433-492d-8424-2a19ae134b0a/resource/b331ae91-9d28-4262-9edd-9efeb9f2fc12/download/readme.html
    Description:

format: HTML

media_type: text/html

decision-support

display_name: decision-support

ecosystem-services

display_name: ecosystem-services

forest-inventory

display_name: forest-inventory

forest-model

display_name: forest-model

lidar

display_name: lidar

sensitivity-analysis

display_name: sensitivity-analysis

uncertainty

display_name: uncertainty


en:
Rising temperatures are thawing mountain permafrost, putting infrastructure like buildings, cable cars, and tunnels at risk. While warming air is the main cause, rainfall at high altitudes also plays an important role.
We built a small, portable system to test how active cooling powered by solar panels, can help keep the ground frozen. Experiments showed that rain can sometimes deepen thawing, especially in winter, but in summer under the impact of liquid precipitation it can also briefly refreeze parts of the ground or lead to ground movement.
Outdoor tests over six months showed that a solar-powered cooling system can successfully maintain a stable frozen layer. The results suggest that such systems could help protect infrastructure in mountain regions, though managing rainfall effects is crucial.
The results are described in the publication: Preserving frozen ground with active cooling under seasonal forcing - an experimental study.

en: climate-change prototype swiss-alps solar-energy thermal-stabilisation precipitation permafrost

format: ZIP

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

permafrost

display_name: permafrost

precipitation

display_name: precipitation

prototype

display_name: prototype

solar-energy

display_name: solar-energy

swiss-alps

display_name: swiss-alps

thermal-stabilisation

display_name: thermal-stabilisation


en: This dataset contains the responses of an online expert survey on municipal land-use planning regulations governing buildings and open and green spaces across 30 European countries. Using purposive sampling, 73 planning experts – practitioners and academics – rated the priority they assign to thirteen groups of regulations (seven for buildings, six for open and green spaces) and assessed to which extent does each regulation group pursues the objectives of efficiency equity. The survey was administered online between August and December 2023. The dataset is the quantitative companion to the expert-interview dataset on discretion in land-use planning (doi:10.16904/envidat.785).

en: European survey of planning experts on land-use planning regulations

en: building-regulation green-spaces development-priorities efficiency equity

en:
Resource Title: regulations_survey_data.csv
    Size: 14643 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3676fed8-bc78-46c4-96c7-cea0b89c5630/resource/95cb0a11-6693-4e5b-b1aa-9065b0912c36/download/regulations_survey_data.csv
    Description: The survey data in plain CSV format. 73 respondents from 30 European countries, 45 columns. Identical content to the xlsx file.

format: CSV

media_type: text/csv

en:
Resource Title: Data_Documentation.pdf
    Size: 212081 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3676fed8-bc78-46c4-96c7-cea0b89c5630/resource/e75c2dc0-7329-4fcb-9b9a-820b496370d0/download/data_documentation.pdf
    Description: Full documentation of the dataset. Describes the survey design, sampling, the 45 variables, regulation group definitions, license and recommended citation. Read this first.

format: PDF

media_type: application/pdf

en:
Resource Title: regulations_survey_questionnaire.pdf
    Size: 171694 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3676fed8-bc78-46c4-96c7-cea0b89c5630/resource/3c99f535-70e6-4586-ae43-84fcd3ad934e/download/regulations_survey_questionnaire.pdf
    Description: The survey questionnaire as administered. Only the questions whose answers appear in the published data file are included.

en:
Resource Title: regulations_survey_data.xlsx
    Size: 27351 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/3676fed8-bc78-46c4-96c7-cea0b89c5630/resource/6a0473de-2866-406a-b233-ece90429c965/download/regulations_survey_data.xlsx
    Description: The survey data in Excel format. 73 respondents from 30 European countries, 45 columns: respondent background, priority ratings of regulation groups and their efficiency and equity ratings. Identical content to the csv file.

format: XLS

building-regulation

display_name: building-regulation

development-priorities

display_name: development-priorities

efficiency

display_name: efficiency

equity

display_name: equity

green-spaces

display_name: green-spaces


en: This dataset contains idealized sensitivity simulations performed with the SNOWPACK model to investigate how the timing of summer heat affects ground thermal conditions in alpine permafrost. The simulations demonstrate that late-summer heatwaves lead to greater heat retention in the ground until the following spring than equally warm early-summer events. The dataset supports analyses of the influence of atmospheric heat timing on active-layer heat storage and permafrost thermal evolution.

en: The importance of hot summers and individual heatwaves for permafrost in the Swiss Alps

en: atmospheric-heatwaves climate-change mountain-permafrost seasonal-variability subseasonal-variability hot-summer

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

atmospheric-heatwaves

display_name: atmospheric-heatwaves

hot-summer

display_name: hot-summer

mountain-permafrost

display_name: mountain-permafrost

seasonal-variability

display_name: seasonal-variability

subseasonal-variability

display_name: subseasonal-variability


en:
This dataset contains the main atmospheric measurements and treatment information from the VPDrought experiment conducted at the Pfynwald research platform. It comprises three types of data files:
- Over-canopy meteorological data (*pfynwald_vpdrought_meteo_oc_1Minutes_year.txt*): In-situ measurements from the meteorological station located above the canopy. These measurements represent atmospheric conditions above the canopy and are not affected by the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) manipulation treatment. The data are provided at 1-minute resolution and include precipitation, air temperature, relative humidity, VPD, global radiation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), wind speed, and wind direction.
- In-canopy meteorological data (*pfynwald_vpdrought_meteo_ic_1Minutes_year.txt*): Aggregated measurements from multiple measurement points within the canopy at 1-minute resolution. Depending on the parameter, measurements are either distinguished between ambient and VPD manipulated conditions or, for parameters unaffected by the VPD manipulation, provided as a single aggregated variable. The data include air temperature, relative humidity, VPD, wind speed, wind direction, and the operation status of the VPD reduction system.
- Irrigation data (*pfynwald_vpdrought_irrigation_1Day_year.txt*): Daily irrigation sums aggregated across the four irrigated sub-plots 2, 3, 6, and 7.

 Quality control and gap filling
All meteorological and treatment data were subjected to a combined automatic and visual quality-control (QC) procedure before gap filling. The procedure included parameter-specific hard-limit, temporal-consistency, consecutive-value, and spatial-consistency checks, followed by visual inspection of suspicious values and measurement periods. Implausible values were excluded.
After QC, the resulting time series were completely gap filled. The gap filling method was selected according to the characteristics of the individual parameter and the available reference data. Short gaps were filled by linear interpolation, whereas longer gaps were filled using parameter-specific approaches, including fitting external reference data or using valid observations from preceding and following days at the same time of day.
The resulting data classes are specified in the data files:
- _observed_ = directly measured value that passed the QC procedure
- _corrected_ = measured value to which a correction was applied
- _derived_ = value derived from multiple observations
- _estimated_ = value estimated to fill a missing or excluded observation
In the data files, the *quality_flag* indicates the quality and origin of each value, with 1 representing the highest quality and 3 the lowest. For values with a *quality_flag* -1, as well as for estimated or corrected values, a specific comment provides additional information on the method used to obtain the value and/or the reason for the reduced quality.
The resulting datasets provide continuous time series at their respective temporal resolutions while retaining information on the origin and quality of each value. Detailed descriptions of the parameter-specific processing and gap filling approaches are provided with the respective data files.
 Treatment and measurement conditions
- Irrigation and VPD reduction were generally limited to the period May to September.
- Irrigation added approximately 600 mm of water per year.
- The VPD reduction system was mostly operating during periods of high VPD, typically from late morning to the evening. During system operation, VPD was reduced by approximately 25%.
- During a few periods, treatments could not be applied (e.g., due to power cuts, lack of available water, or technical failures).
- In canopy measurements were conducted in the center of the tree crowns, exposed either to ambient atmospheric conditions or to the VPD reduced conditions. The measurements are representative of the VPD treatment effects, although some gradients in VPD reduction occurred within the VPD reduced canopies.

 For further information, see:
- Schaub, M., Hunziker, S., Gisler, J., Bortolami, G., Trotsiuk, V., Meusburger, K., Hug, C., Rigling, A., Gessler, A. & Grossiord, C. Disentangling atmospheric and soil drought: A new stand-level manipulation approach for mature forests. Manuscript under review at New Phytologist.

en: Pfynwald VPDrought experiment atmospheric parameters and manipulations

en: continuous-monitoring wind-speed irrigation par vpdrought wind-direction meteorological-measurements precipitation relative-humidity irrigation-manipulation rhone-valley drought-experiment atmospheric-observations pinus-sylvestris global-radiation pfynwald vpd air-temperature

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_oc_2024.zip
    Size: 17807136 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9e59004-9655-4507-95ac-7db9345309e0/resource/3d4822ac-4fe2-4c94-8904-6412eec60785/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_oc_2024.zip
    Description:

media_type: application/zip

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_irrigation_2025.zip
    Size: 22033 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9e59004-9655-4507-95ac-7db9345309e0/resource/6b38bacf-0a45-4d3d-86af-b8af5dfe8bcd/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_irrigation_2025.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_irrigation_2024.zip
    Size: 22129 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9e59004-9655-4507-95ac-7db9345309e0/resource/667bd594-5d6b-4160-ad54-e2b40182333c/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_irrigation_2024.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_ic_2024.zip
    Size: 19799175 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9e59004-9655-4507-95ac-7db9345309e0/resource/c251e9b2-4dcd-453c-a164-fda0dce7ec7a/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_ic_2024.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_oc_2025.zip
    Size: 17855577 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9e59004-9655-4507-95ac-7db9345309e0/resource/c63037b7-d729-48eb-8f1e-b9a70bf38eee/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_oc_2025.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_ic_2025.zip
    Size: 19967306 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a9e59004-9655-4507-95ac-7db9345309e0/resource/0f80143c-7ef7-43a1-a2d6-4b75c5453bf2/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_meteorology_ic_2025.zip
    Description:

air-temperature

display_name: air-temperature

atmospheric-observations

display_name: atmospheric-observations

continuous-monitoring

display_name: continuous-monitoring

drought-experiment

display_name: drought-experiment

global-radiation

display_name: global-radiation

irrigation

display_name: irrigation

irrigation-manipulation

display_name: irrigation-manipulation

meteorological-measurements

display_name: meteorological-measurements

par

display_name: par

pfynwald

display_name: pfynwald

pinus-sylvestris

display_name: pinus-sylvestris

relative-humidity

display_name: relative-humidity

rhone-valley

display_name: rhone-valley

vpd

display_name: vpd

vpdrought

display_name: vpdrought

wind-direction

display_name: wind-direction

wind-speed

display_name: wind-speed


en:
Data were collected in one-week campaigns every month (from May to September). The protocol slightly changed from 2024 to 2025.
- In 2024, we followed n=2 scaffolds from the following treatments: irrigation-ambient VPD, irrigation-reduced VPD, roof-ambient VPD. We followed diurnals dynamics (every hour) from pre-dawn (~5 a.m.) to late afternoon (~5 p.m.) of leaf gas exchange (CO2 assimilation A, leaf transpiration E, leaf stomatal conductance gs) via a portable photosynthesis system LI-6800 (Li-cor). Ambient light, temperature, and relative humidity conditions were locally measured and set in the cuvette. The measurement was taken after 5 to 15 minutes adaptation. Every hour a branchlet (comprehending 1 and 2 years-old needles) was collected to measure leaf water potential.
- In 2025,  we followed n=3 scaffolds from the following treatments: irrigation-ambient VPD, irrigation-reduced VPD, roof-ambient VPD, control. We measured leaf gas exchange twice a day using ambient temperature and relative humidity and saturated light conditions. We measured leaf water potential at pre-dawn, midday, and late afternoon.

en: Pfynwald VPDrought experiment leaf gas exchange and water potential parameter

en: pinus-sylvestris pfynwald water-potential leaf-gas irrigation drought ecophysiology vpdrought

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_gas_waterpotential_2024.zip
    Size: 25966 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/47c173b8-dbc3-481b-9da8-666f0a157a35/resource/f867696c-096d-4592-9248-b08982254b19/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_gas_waterpotential_2024.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_gas_waterpotential_2025.zip
    Size: 110896 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/47c173b8-dbc3-481b-9da8-666f0a157a35/resource/76bad65c-bdc9-4eb5-9765-7e4cce9ffcf2/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_gas_waterpotential_2025.zip
    Description:

drought

display_name: drought

ecophysiology

display_name: ecophysiology

leaf-gas

display_name: leaf-gas

water-potential

display_name: water-potential


en: This data is related to the publication "Non-native Douglas fir seedlings outcompete native Norway spruce, silver fir and Scots pine under dry and nutrient-poor conditions". It contains growth and biomass data on Douglas fir seedlings in competition with three native conifers and four native broadleaf trees over three years und varying environmental conditions (i.e., water, nutrients and light availabilities).

en: Data on Douglas fir seedlings from the DOCH-WO experiment

en: drought climate-change european-beech norway-spruce douglas-fir

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

climate-change

display_name: climate-change

douglas-fir

display_name: douglas-fir

european-beech

display_name: european-beech

norway-spruce

display_name: norway-spruce


en: This dataset comprises the interview guides and the corresponding verbatim transcripts of 16 in-depth, semi-structured expert interviews examining how discretion is understood and exercised in land-use planning, across both plan-making and development control. The three jurisdictions — England (5 interviews), Ireland (5) and Switzerland (6) — were selected for their contrasting approaches to pursuing efficiency and equity through planning regulation, as identified in the companion survey of planning experts (doi:10.16904/envidat.735). The interviews were conducted with planning practitioners and academics across two rounds, structured by a six-question first guide and an eight-question second guide. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and anonymised prior to deposit.

en: Interviews with experts in Switzerland, England and Ireland on planners' discretion and the pursuit of efficiency and equity objectives

en: planning-culture plan-making land-use-planning development-control land-use-regulations

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

en:
Resource Title: Transcript_ENG1.docx
    Size: 38543 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/cc23353a-5255-4b9c-a73d-aed9e19ec87a/resource/4084679c-7b68-498f-b37b-e1adab1c33bf/download/transcript_eng1.docx
    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview ENG1 (England, round 1, questions Q1-6). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
Resource Title: Transcript_ENG2.docx
    Size: 41820 bytes
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
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en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview CHE6 (Switzerland, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview CHE1 (Switzerland, round 1, questions Q1-6). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview IRL5 (Ireland, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview ENG3 (England, round 1, questions Q1-6). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview CHE5 (Switzerland, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview CHE4 (Switzerland, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview ENG5 (England, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
Resource Title: Transcript_CHE3.docx
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview CHE3 (Switzerland, round 1, questions Q1-6). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
Resource Title: Transcript_CHE2.docx
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview CHE2 (Switzerland, round 1, questions Q1-6). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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en:
Resource Title: participant_index.csv
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en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview IRL3 (Ireland, round 1, questions Q1-6). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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en:
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en:
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en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview IRL4 (Ireland, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

en:
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    Description: Anonymised transcript of expert interview ENG4 (England, round 2, questions Q1-8). Names, organisations and self-identifying places are redacted.

development-control

display_name: development-control

land-use-planning

display_name: land-use-planning

land-use-regulations

display_name: land-use-regulations

plan-making

display_name: plan-making

planning-culture

display_name: planning-culture


historical-vegetation-height-model-nfi

en:
The main datasets available are 4 nationwide **Digital Surface Models (DSMs)** and corresponding **Vegetation Height Models (VHMs)** with a spatial resolution of 1 m.
The Vegetation Height Models are calculated by subtraction of a Digital Terrain Model (swissAlti3d version 2017, swisstopo) from the generated DSMs. DSMs were derived by image matching of **scanned historical images** (panchromatic 8-bit) acquired with a RC10 frame camera, in the context of the swisswide image acquisition campaigns of swisstopo.
Nationwide products could be generated for the **four epochs**
 1979-1985 / 1985-1991 / 1990-1998 / 1998-2006.
Additional information about successful image matching vs. interpolation of pixels and about the year of image acquisition are available in the corresponding files (**matched_area_xxxx_xxxx_binay.tif** and **meta_acquisition_year_xxxx_xxxx.json**, respectively).
To separate vegetation from non-vegetation areas a mask derived from a combination of information of the Topographic landscape model - TLM (swisstopo) and a NDVI layer was used and is supplied as **"TLM_mask.tif"**
Due to the occurrence of unrealistic vegetation height values caused by the failure of the image matching process (mainly overexposed images and clouds or very steep rocky terrain), pixel values - 60 m were set to NoData and - 0 m to 0.
All datasets are available in the Reference System **LV95 (EPSG: 2056) LN02 (EPSG: 5728)** and share the common **extent definition** (xmin ymin xmax ymax): 2480000 1070000 2840000 1300000

en: Historical Vegetation Height Model NFI

en: dsm photogrammetry forest vhm historical nfi

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

title_for_slug: historical-vegetation-height-model-nfi

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: 1985-1991 Vegetation Height Model
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    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 1979-1985 Vegetation Height Model
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    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 1998-2006 Vegetation Height Model
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    Description:

en:
Resource Title: readme.txt
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    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/d16d27e5-b239-4909-b914-1b0b5337dab3/resource/f6cabeaa-bf7c-4141-bea9-af99d3224487/download/readme.txt
    Description: Description of available data

format: TXT

media_type: text/plain

en:
Resource Title: 1990-1998 Vegetation Height Model
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    Format: No Info
    URL: https://envicloud.wsl.ch/#/?bucket=https%3A%2F%2Fos.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch%2Fenvicloud%2F&prefix=doi%2Fenvidat.528%2F1990-1998_vegetation_height_model_nfi%2F
    Description:

dsm

display_name: dsm

forest

display_name: forest

historical

display_name: historical

nfi

display_name: nfi

photogrammetry

display_name: photogrammetry

vhm

display_name: vhm


en:
This dataset contains gridded snow depth projections for Switzerland at 1km X 1km resolution. This study was supported by Speed2Zero. The dataset contains the following structure:
- data/data_reference/hs_reference_1991_2020.nc
- data/data_projection_flat/hs_projection_flat.nc
- data/data_projection_aspect/hs_projection_aspect.nc
The data is based on climatological SPASS dataset (Marty et al., 2015) using the reference period 1991-2020. For this reference data, median snow depth evolution, as well as 5th and 95th percentile were computed for each grid point and can be found in this dataset (data/data_reference/*). Future snow depth evolutions for the flat field (data/data_projection_flat/*) were projected for the temperature scenarios +1°C, +2°C, +3°C and +4°C (deviation from 1991-2020 annual mean temperature in Switzerland) following the literature-based approach of Richter and Marty, 2026. Furthermore, this dataset contains gridded projections for north- and south-facing ascpects with a slope anle of 15° (data/data_projection_aspect/*). Detailed can be found in the related publication Richter et al., in preparation.
The files in this data set have a similar structure. Each file is a NetCDF-file containing snow depths (median, 5th, 95th percentile) for each day of the year, coordinate, temperature scenario (data_projection_flat and data_projection_aspect) and aspect (data_projection_aspect).
References:
Marty, C., Michel, A., Jonas, T., Steijn, C., Muelchi, R., and Kotlarski, S.: SPASS – new gridded climatological snow datasets for Switzerland: potential and limitations, The Cryosphere, 19, 4391–4407, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4391-2025, 2025.
Richter, B. and Marty, C.: Technical note: Literature based approach to estimate future snow, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 659–670, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-659-2026, 2026.
Richter et al., Gridded snow depth projections, in prepration.

en: Gridded projections of snow depth for Switzerland

en: scenario climate-projections gridded-data switzerland snow-depth snow future climate-change swiss-alps

climate-projections

display_name: climate-projections

future

display_name: future

gridded-data

display_name: gridded-data

scenario

display_name: scenario

snow

display_name: snow

snow-depth

display_name: snow-depth

swiss-alps

display_name: swiss-alps

switzerland

display_name: switzerland


en:
This dataset contains the results of greenhouse gas emission modeling for the five Swiss Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP-CH) up to the year 2100. Six sector-specific reduced-complexity models were developed specifically for this analysis, enabling the modelling of the SSP-CH storylines. Accordingly, the dataset comprises the outputs of all six models, generated both in the absence of and under the implementation of additional climate policy packages, referred to as Shared Policy Assumptions (SPAs; see related publications).
- Transport model (energy consumption by energy source and transport type/fleet mix)
- Housing model (heating demand and GHG emissions per building category)
- Electricity model (electricity consumption, electricity generation by energy source, installed capacity, district heating)
- Industry model (energy consumption by energy source, subdivided into raw materials/building materials, consumer goods, and processed goods)
- Agriculture model (feed digestion in livestock, manure storage, and nitrogen fertilization)
- Export/Import model (product quantities in import and export, broken down into consumer goods, raw materials/building materials, and processed goods)
- Synthesis model

en: Results of greenhouse gas modelling of the Swiss Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP-CH)

en: qualitative-scenarios national-ssp greenhousegas-modelling emissions-scenarios socioeconomic-scenarios

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_housing_model.xlsx
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    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling results of Housing model (heating demand and GHG emissions per building category). This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_electricity_model.xlsx
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    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling results of Electricity model (electricity consumption, electricity generation by energy source, installed capacity, district heating). This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_imp_exp_model.xlsx
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    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c02b9e4b-32dc-46bb-aa43-9d648665b089/resource/c80f618c-fd87-4c43-920e-77c8081ccd5a/download/ssp-ch_ghg_imp_exp_model.xlsx
    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling resluts of Export/Import model (product quantities in import and export, broken down into consumer goods, raw materials/building materials, and processed goods). This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_agriculture_model.xlsx
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    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling results of Agriculture model (feed digestion in livestock, manure storage, and nitrogen fertilization). This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_transport_model.xlsx
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    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c02b9e4b-32dc-46bb-aa43-9d648665b089/resource/be82872b-5fd7-4498-a4b9-2141dd5eb00f/download/ssp-ch_ghg_transport_model.xlsx
    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling results of Transport model (energy consumption by energy source and transport type/fleet mix). This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_industry_model.xlsx
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    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c02b9e4b-32dc-46bb-aa43-9d648665b089/resource/3e81b975-33bf-4327-bf18-3ae32f36b21d/download/ssp-ch_ghg_industry_model.xlsx
    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling results of Industry model (energy consumption by energy source, subdivided into raw materials/building materials, consumer goods, and processed goods). This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_transport_model.xlsx
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    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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    Description: This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

en:
Resource Title: SSP-CH_GHG_Synthesis_model.xlsx
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    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/c02b9e4b-32dc-46bb-aa43-9d648665b089/resource/a1e54990-11c5-43cf-b922-d839925b4078/download/ssp-ch_ghg_synthesis_model.xlsx
    Description: SSP-CH GHG modelling results of Synthesis model. This data was compiled as part of the Project "Socioeconomic Scenarios for Switzerland" within the NCCS-Impacts Program. The following individuals participated in the compilation of this data: Oberpriller, Q., Schmid, N., Kemmler, A., Gubler, L., Bogler, S., Giger, D., Piegsa, A., Brutsche, A., Kreidelmeyer, S., Vu M. Ph., Black, B., Kirchner, A., Füssler, J.

emissions-scenarios

display_name: emissions-scenarios

greenhousegas-modelling

display_name: greenhousegas-modelling

national-ssp

display_name: national-ssp

qualitative-scenarios

display_name: qualitative-scenarios

socioeconomic-scenarios

display_name: socioeconomic-scenarios


en: We modelled the global distribution of 730 amphibian, 1276 reptile, and 1961 mammal species globally as a function of current climate at a 0.5° spatial resolution using four different predictor groups composed of different combinations of input variables: mean climatic conditions, spatial climatic variability, and temporal (interannual) climatic variability.

en: Global species distributions for mammals, reptiles, and amphibians

en: random-forests niche-models chelsa amphibians mammals generalized-linear-models sdm species-distribution-models iucn interannual-climate-variability reptiles range-maps generalized-additive-models climate-variablity

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: reptiles_metadata
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en:
Resource Title:
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    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5a534bed-71fa-4a48-8fe5-66ca9a4c820f/resource/09bc5a49-e1ef-4491-928e-6c4440fad9d1/download/readme.txt
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en:
Resource Title:
    Size: 1548568 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5a534bed-71fa-4a48-8fe5-66ca9a4c820f/resource/b01e0b24-8806-4cfc-b9eb-550fe29e4a40/download/climate_predictors.zip
    Description: File containing the climate predictors as SAGA grid files (.sgrd)

en:
Resource Title: mammals_metadata
    Size: 54466 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5a534bed-71fa-4a48-8fe5-66ca9a4c820f/resource/4589c081-818c-4873-8b15-8f399464b434/download/mammals_metadata.txt
    Description: File containing the record dimension, genus, and species of the respective netcdf files

en:
Resource Title: Reptiles
    Size: 2147483648 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://envicloud.os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/doi/envidat.354/reptiles.zip
    Description: Species distribution models based on different climate predictor groups

en:
Resource Title: amphibials_metadata
    Size: 18938 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5a534bed-71fa-4a48-8fe5-66ca9a4c820f/resource/9bff87c6-e1ce-4553-accb-43af8eaca72e/download/amphibians_metadata.txt
    Description: File containing the record dimension, genus, and species of the respective netcdf files

en:
Resource Title: Mammals
    Size: 3650722202 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://envicloud.os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/doi/envidat.354/mammals.zip
    Description: Species distribution models based on different climate predictor groups

en:
Resource Title: Amphibians
    Size: 1181116006 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://envicloud.os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/doi/envidat.354/amphibians.zip
    Description: Species distribution models based on different climate predictor groups

amphibians

display_name: amphibians

chelsa

display_name: chelsa

climate-variablity

display_name: climate-variablity

generalized-additive-models

display_name: generalized-additive-models

generalized-linear-models

display_name: generalized-linear-models

interannual-climate-variability

display_name: interannual-climate-variability

iucn

display_name: iucn

mammals

display_name: mammals

niche-models

display_name: niche-models

random-forests

display_name: random-forests

range-maps

display_name: range-maps

reptiles

display_name: reptiles

sdm

display_name: sdm

species-distribution-models

display_name: species-distribution-models


photogrammetric-drone-data-gruenbodeli

en:
We conducted various drone flights at Grüenbödeli near Davos with the Sony RX1R II mounted on a Wingtra drone during 2020/21/22. The data was processed with the Agisoft Metashape Professional Software.
The following products are available for download:
- DSM 10cm resolution
- Orthomosaic 3cm/25mm resolution
- Snow Raster 10cm resolution
- original RGB images

en: Photogrammetric Drone Data Grüenbödeli

en: dsm wingtra snow-depth-mapping uav drone-data orthophoto photogrammetry

title_for_slug: photogrammetric-drone-data-gruenbodeli

drone-data

display_name: drone-data

dsm

display_name: dsm

orthophoto

display_name: orthophoto

photogrammetry

display_name: photogrammetry

snow-depth-mapping

display_name: snow-depth-mapping

uav

display_name: uav

wingtra

display_name: wingtra


en: The reaction of ozone with bromide in polar regions results in the formation of reactive bromide species with impacts on ozone budget and the oxidative capacity of the lower atmosphere. Here, we present a data investigating the temperature dependence of bromide oxidation by ozone using a coated wall flow tube reactor coated with an aqueous mixture of citric acid and sodium bromide, a proxy for sea salt aerosol in snow or the free troposphere. Thus study shows the effect of of organic species at relatively mild temperatures between the freezing point and eutectic temperature as typical for Earth's cryosphere.

en: Kinetic experiments on the oxidation of bromide by ozone from 289-245 K.

en: cryosphere polar sea-salt-aerosol arctic antartic laboratory-study snow

en:
Resource Title: Experimental results of uptake coefficient vs. temperature and ozone concentration
    Size: 1279 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8c77d71e-155b-40ab-a446-ae2dccac9740/resource/fd675417-23be-47bb-bcf3-44c3bb2eb572/download/dataenivdat.csv
    Description: Data to Figure 3: Measured uptake coefficients as a function of temperature at 5E12 molecules per cm3 ozone concentration.

Data to Figure 6: Measured  uptake coefficients at different temperatures as a function of gas- phase ozone concentration.

en:
Resource Title: Experimental Results: Uptake coefficients vs. temperature and ozone concentration
    Size: 1422 bytes
    Format: text/csv
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/8c77d71e-155b-40ab-a446-ae2dccac9740/resource/af7e17ca-b08b-48d2-8198-621ec0814252/download/dataenivdat.csv
    Description: * Final Data to Figure 3: Uptake coefficients as a function of temperature at 5E12 molecules per cm3 ozone concentration.
* Final Data to Figure 6: Uptake coefficients at different temperatures as a function of gas- phase ozone concentration.

The average ozone uptake coefficients of the three cycles between the bypass and the flow tube per repeat is taken as the mean uptake coefficient for each experiment. Gamma was corrected for gas phase diffusion limitation following the Cooney–Kim– Davis (CKD) method52 (see supporting material of publication for details).

antartic

display_name: antartic

arctic

display_name: arctic

cryosphere

display_name: cryosphere

laboratory-study

display_name: laboratory-study

polar

display_name: polar

sea-salt-aerosol

display_name: sea-salt-aerosol

snow

display_name: snow


dataset-on-new-snow-water-equivalent

en:
This dataset includes quality-controlled measurements of new snow depth (HN), new snow water equivalent (HNW), snow depth (HS), and snow water equivalent (SWE) from 41 stations located in Switzerland for the period from  2016-09-01 to 2022-08-31.
These data are the basis of the following publication: Magnusson J., Cluzet B., Quéno L., Mott R., Oberrauch M., Mazzotti G., Marty C., Jonas T., 2025, Evaluating methods to estimate the water equivalent of new snow from daily snow depth recordings, Cold Regions Science and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104435.
Abstract
The water equivalent of new snow (HNW) plays a crucial role in various fields, including hydrological modeling, avalanche forecasting, and assessing snow loads on structures. However, in contrast to snow depth (HS), obtaining HNW measurements is challenging as well as time-consuming and is hence rarely measured. Therefore, we assess the reliability of two semi-empirical methods, HS2SWE and ΔSNOW, for estimating HNW. These methods are designed to simulate continuous water equivalent of the snowpack (SWE) from daily HS only, with changes in SWE yielding daily HNW estimates. We compare both parametric methods against HNW predictions from a physics-based snow model (FSM2oshd) that integrates daily HS recordings using data assimilation. Our findings reveal that all methods exhibit similar performance, with relative biases of less than ~3 % in replicating SWE observations commonly used for model evaluations. However, the ΔSNOW model tends to underestimate daily HNW by ~17 %, whereas HS2SWE and FSM2oshd combined with a particle filter data assimilation scheme provide nearly unbiased estimates, with relative biases below ~5 %. In contrast to the parsimonious parametric methods, we show that the physics-based approach can yield information about unobserved variables, such as total solid precipitation amounts, that may differ from HNW due to concurrent melt. Overall, our results underscore the potential of utilizing commonly available daily HS data in conjunction with appropriate modeling techniques to provide valuable insights into snow accumulation processes. Our study demonstrates that daily SWE observations or supplementary measurements like HNW are important for validating the day-to-day accuracy of simulations and should ideally already be incorporated during the calibration and development of models.
Acknowlegements
These data were recorded by SLF observers and staff members. Their contribution is gratefully acknowledged.

en: Dataset on new snow water equivalent

en: data-assimilation snow-modelling new-snow snowfall precipitation

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

title_for_slug: dataset-on-new-snow-water-equivalent

envi

en: Environment

data-assimilation

display_name: data-assimilation

new-snow

display_name: new-snow

precipitation

display_name: precipitation

snow-modelling

display_name: snow-modelling

snowfall

display_name: snowfall


en:
A rule-based algorithm [(Schwieder et al., 2022)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112795) was used to produce annual maps for 2018–2021 of grassland-management events, i.e. mowing and/or grazing, for Switzerland using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 satellite time series. All satellite images were processed with the [FORCE](https://force-eo.readthedocs.io) framework.
The resulting maps provide information on the number and timing of grassland-management events at a spatial resolution of 10 m × 10 m for the whole of Switzerland. For the final maps, permanent grasslands were masked using a variety of land-use layers, according to [Huber et al. (2022)](https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.298) but replacing the crop mask with the agricultural-use data from the cantons.
We assessed the detection of management events based on independent reference data, which we acquired from daily time series of publicly available webcams that are widely distributed across Switzerland. We further tested the ecological relevance of the generated intensity measures in relation to nationwide biodiversity data (see [Weber et al., 2023](https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.372)).
The webcam-based reference data used for verification was subsequently added on 14.02.2024.

en: Grassland-use intensity maps for Switzerland

en: use-intensity management mowing grassland remote-sensing sentinel-2 landsat land-use

en:
Resource Title: Webcam-based reference data
    Size: 57563 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/7561f6b0-7e0b-4b99-ad30-bd247546cf3a/download/webcam_reference_data.zip
    Description: Webcam-based reference data from 2020 and 2021 (see readme).

en:
Resource Title: Readme
    Size: 3433 bytes
    Format: text/plain
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/06c9bd5e-ae9c-4c7f-9b29-2849a3aa971b/download/readme.txt
    Description: Metadata and description of the maps and webcam-based reference data.

en:
Resource Title: Grassland-use intensity map 2020
    Size: 2252728445 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/2a301048-a736-442d-980e-852006dc61bb/download/grassland-use_intensity_2020_ch_10m_32632_v1_0.tif
    Description: Raster stack with information on the number and timing of grassland-management events (i.e. mowing, grazing) at a spatial resolution of 10 m × 10 m for the whole of Switzerland for 2020. See readme file for more details.

format: TIFF

media_type: image/tiff

en:
Resource Title: Grassland-use intensity map 2018
    Size: 2244278154 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/a5da6789-de78-42d5-be38-c1d9daff7cff/download/grassland-use_intensity_2018_ch_10m_32632_v1_0.tif
    Description: Raster stack with information on the number and timing of grassland-management events (i.e. mowing, grazing) at a spatial resolution of 10 m × 10 m for the whole of Switzerland for 2018. See readme file for more details.

en:
Resource Title: Grassland-use intensity map 2019
    Size: 2202043962 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/fdfed95b-c1c7-4842-9329-896bbbfe1c17/download/grassland-use_intensity_2019_ch_10m_32632_v1_0.tif
    Description: Raster stack with information on the number and timing of grassland-management events (i.e. mowing, grazing) at a spatial resolution of 10 m × 10 m for the whole of Switzerland for 2019. See readme file for more details.

en:
Resource Title: Preview time of 1st grassland management event 2020
    Size: 2634652 bytes
    Format: image/png
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/eeb08550-52de-4be6-aac9-d8daed43a51f/download/preview_time_of_1st_management_event_2020.png
    Description: Spatial distribution of the timing (day of year; DOY) of the first management event for Switzerland and for three zoomed-in regions (a, b, c). The three zoomed-in regions show different grassland-use intensities, which are reflected in the timing of the first event of the year (Weber et al., 2023; IN REVIEW)

format: PNG

media_type: image/png

en:
Resource Title: Preview number of grassland management events 2020
    Size: 2192445 bytes
    Format: image/png
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/58dfd5b4-86d2-434b-932e-8857dcfacdf2/download/preview_number_of_management_events_2020.png
    Description: Spatial distribution of the number of management events for Switzerland and for three zoomed-in regions (a, b, c). The three zoomed-in regions show different grassland-use intensities, which are reflected in the distribution of management frequency (Weber et al., 2023; IN REVIEW)

en:
Resource Title: Grassland-use intensity map 2021
    Size: 2201662465 bytes
    Format: image/tiff
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/889019e0-7c66-406c-a061-b2e4ab96e5ad/resource/9d8f0f98-b7f9-434a-b711-70e864ec7703/download/grassland-use_intensity_2021_ch_10m_32632_v1_0.tif
    Description: Raster stack with information on the number and timing of grassland-management events (i.e. mowing, grazing) at a spatial resolution of 10 m × 10 m for the whole of Switzerland for 2021. See readme file for more details.

grassland

display_name: grassland

land-use

display_name: land-use

landsat

display_name: landsat

management

display_name: management

mowing

display_name: mowing

remote-sensing

display_name: remote-sensing

use-intensity

display_name: use-intensity


forest-canopy-layer-code

en:
R script for large-scale mapping of forest canopy layering. The approach combines tree-based and area-based methods, using airborne laser scanning point clouds together with individual tree detection (ITD) information (tree height and position) to distinguish between single- and multi-layered forests. The output is a raster layer at 10m x 10m resolution, encoded as follows:
1: single-layered (class 1): Both point cloud and ITD approaches classify the forest as single-layered.
2: probably single-layered (class 2): ITD classifies the forest as single-layered, while the point cloud suggests multi-layered.
3: probably multi-layered (class 3): ITD classifies the forest as multi-layered, while the point cloud suggests single-layered.
4: multi-layered (class 4): Both point cloud and ITD approaches classify the forest as multi-layered.
Next to the R script, we also provide an example data set. The LAZ files in the example dataset are from the nationwide ALS data and are provided by the Federal Office of Topography swisstopo in accordance with its open data policy (swisstopo, 2022a, 2019). The detected individual trees were identified using Dalponte and Coomes' (2016) algorithm on a spike-free vegetation height model (cell size 0.5m). The provided forest mask corresponds to the NFI forest layer definition by Waser et al. (2015). For details and mentioned references, we refer to the related publication by Bast et al. (under revision; JAG).

en: Forest Canopy Layer Code

en: lidar mountain-forest forest itd protective-forest vhm forest-management

title_for_slug: forest-canopy-layer-code

forest

display_name: forest

forest-management

display_name: forest-management

itd

display_name: itd

lidar

display_name: lidar

mountain-forest

display_name: mountain-forest

protective-forest

display_name: protective-forest

vhm

display_name: vhm


en:
NO&8322; concentrations were measured at 11 LWF plots (1999/2000) with passive samplers (Palmes-type diffusion tubes) during one year. Three samplers per site and period (usually 14 days) were installed in the open area of the LWF plots and, at Beatenberg, Novaggio and Vordemwald, under the forest as well (weather station). In 2014, NO2 concentrations were measured again at 14 plots, using two samplers per site and period (usually 28 days). At Lausanne and Vordemwald, concentrations were also measured below the canopy.
 Purpose:
To assess air concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and, using deposition velocities available from the literature, to quantify the dry deposition of NO2 (alternative method to the throughfall method).

en: Passive sampling of NO2 LWF

en: swiss-forest-lab ambient-air-quality long-term-forest-ecosystem-research nitrogen-dioxide icp-forests

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

ambient-air-quality

display_name: ambient-air-quality

icp-forests

display_name: icp-forests

long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

display_name: long-term-forest-ecosystem-research

nitrogen-dioxide

display_name: nitrogen-dioxide

swiss-forest-lab

display_name: swiss-forest-lab


en:
Dataset (Model input, snow distribution and validation) for the precipitation scaling paper, which should be cited along with the data set citation.
This data is useful for distributed hydrological modelling or other tasks that involve the study of snow distribution and precipitation in the high Alpine.
The format of the data is for Alpine3D (models.slf.ch) model runs but other models could be used, too.
Please cite:
_Vögeli, C., Lehning, M., Wever, N., Bavay M., 2016: Scaling Precipitation Input to Spatially Distributed Hydrological Models by Measured Snow Distribution., Front. Earth Sci. 4: 108. doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00108._
Dataset is provided as a single zip file.
The archive contains two directories, the valuable distributed snow depth maps for the landscape Davos and the simulation input.
The archive also contains the file: "ReadMeMetadataDataSetPrecipitationScaling" which explains the data structure.

en: Precipitation Scaling Data Set (Vögeli et al., Frontiers)

en: snow-cover alpine3d snow-hydrology alpine-precipitation snow-distribution snow alpine3d-simulations

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

envi

en: Environment

alpine-precipitation

display_name: alpine-precipitation

snow

display_name: snow

snow-cover

display_name: snow-cover

snow-distribution

display_name: snow-distribution

snow-hydrology

display_name: snow-hydrology


en:
The list gives the clearly identifiable plant species from Schinz (1775). Die Reise auf den Uetliberg. Verlag des Waysenhauses, Zürich). Several species given in Schinz (1775) are not identifiable to the species level and are not included in the list. Similarly, *Vicia pisiformis*, Erbsenartige Wicke, given by Schinz (1775) is probably a misidentification and also not included in the list.
Latin plant species name Schinz 1775: Latin plant name (if) given by Schinz (1775); na: not available
German plant species name Schinz 1775: German plant name given by Schinz (1775)
Latin plant species name Info Flora 2024: Latin plant name according to www.infoflora.ch in 2024
German plant species name Info Flora 2024: German plant name according to www.infoflora.ch in 2024
Plant species still occurring in 2020: Plant species given in Schinz (1775) still occurring at the Uetliberg in 2020 (Zürcherische Botanische Gesellschaft. 2020. Flora des Kanton Zürich. Haupt, Bern); occurrence of *Thesium alpinum*, Alpen-Bergflachs, according to floristic knowledge of Rolf Holderegger and Michèle Büttner; 1: still occurring; 0: no longer occurring / extinct.

en: Plant species list from 1775 and 2020 for Uetliberg Zürich

en: uetliberg zurich occurrence flora-change plant-species

flora-change

display_name: flora-change

occurrence

display_name: occurrence

plant-species

display_name: plant-species

uetliberg

display_name: uetliberg

zurich

display_name: zurich


en:
The dataset includes spatially aggregated canopy temperature measurements (°C) of one to two tree crowns obtained using infrared (IR) point sensors.
The dataset was quality screened using a multi-step outlier detection procedure based on Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) statistics within a defined analysis period (= 1 year).
**Three complementary quality-control checks were applied**:
1\. Global MAD screening – detects observations that strongly deviate from the overall distribution of each individual sensor time series.
2\. Local spike detection – identifies short-term anomalous spikes within each sensor time series using rolling median and rolling MAD statistics.
3\. Cross-sensor consistency screening – compares measurements across all sensors recorded at the same timestamp to identify extreme deviations relative to the network-wide median behaviour.
Each observation received individual QC flags for all three checks, followed by a combined final quality flag. Observations passing all criteria were labelled as `good`, while flagged observations were labelled as `outlier` if considered suspect, or as `bad` if associated with known sensor drifts. Observations labelled as `outlier` may still represent physically plausible values, while observations labelled as `bad` should not be considered for further analysis. All observations were retained in the exported dataset for traceability.

en: Pfynwald VPDrought experiment canopy temperature parameter

en: transpiration cooling pinus-sylvestris pfynwald heat-stress irrigation ir-sensor vpdrought

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_10min_2024.zip
    Size: 5872908 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a585bca2-a5e2-4810-b9a8-e831fdc7aebd/resource/212221fb-14a0-4157-97e9-1670e221959d/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_10min_2024.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_10min_2025.zip
    Size: 5833672 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a585bca2-a5e2-4810-b9a8-e831fdc7aebd/resource/66747b91-d345-4e98-97c7-9d7b3ce92266/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_10min_2025.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_1min_2025.zip
    Size: 50905903 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a585bca2-a5e2-4810-b9a8-e831fdc7aebd/resource/3ed284f7-5ca4-4b25-9441-00722b92e58d/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_1min_2025.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_1min_2024.zip
    Size: 51370310 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/a585bca2-a5e2-4810-b9a8-e831fdc7aebd/resource/966309dc-3bf5-4bbc-9964-6af79bf294fd/download/pfynwald_vpdrought_canopy_temperature_1min_2024.zip
    Description:

cooling

display_name: cooling

heat-stress

display_name: heat-stress

ir-sensor

display_name: ir-sensor

irrigation

display_name: irrigation

pfynwald

display_name: pfynwald

pinus-sylvestris

display_name: pinus-sylvestris

transpiration

display_name: transpiration

vpdrought

display_name: vpdrought


digitizing-historical-plague

en: We present newly digitized data on 6,929 plague outbreaks that occurred between 1347 and 1900 AD across Europe. The data base on an inventory initially published 1976. For georeferencing the information of Tele Atlas 2009 was used. The coordinates are in the reference systems ETRS89 and WGS84.

en: Digitizing historical plague

en: plague-mapping palaeo-epidemiology black-death plague-outbreaks plague-inventory yersinia-pestis bubonic-plague historical-plague

title_for_slug: digitizing-historical-plague

black-death

display_name: black-death

bubonic-plague

display_name: bubonic-plague

historical-plague

display_name: historical-plague

palaeo-epidemiology

display_name: palaeo-epidemiology

plague-inventory

display_name: plague-inventory

plague-mapping

display_name: plague-mapping

plague-outbreaks

display_name: plague-outbreaks

yersinia-pestis

display_name: yersinia-pestis


en:
The wind-driven saltation of sand and snow shapes dunes and ripples, generates dust emission, and erodes the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet. Here, we use a model based on the discrete element method to simulate grain-flow interactions and study the effect of particle cohesion on saltation dynamics.
The data contains the model output of granular splash simulations and saltation simulations. Granular splash, the main particle entrainment process in saltation, occurs upon impact of saltating particles with the granular bed. We performed Monte Carlo simulations of granular splash for loose sand grains and for cohesive ice grains. The analysis indicate that different values of cohesion have significant effects not on the number of splashed grains, on the ejection velocity, and the rebound velocity.
In our saltation simulations, we trigger particle movement with a single splash event at the inlet section section and let the system evolve until steady state. Our results show that saltation over cohesive surfaces is difficult to initiate but easy to sustain at low wind speed. The occurrence of transport thus depends on the history of the wind speed, a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We also show that saltation over cohesive surfaces presents higher mass fluxes but requires longer distances to saturate, which increases the size of the smallest stable surface ripples. Our model results have implications for large-scale aeolian processes on Earth and Titan, where sand grains are thought to be very cohesive.

en: Saltation of cohesive granular materials

en: saltation sediment sand wind cohesion snow

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

cohesion

display_name: cohesion

saltation

display_name: saltation

sand

display_name: sand

sediment

display_name: sediment

snow

display_name: snow

wind

display_name: wind


en: This repository contains data on EDA measurements of visitors with different cultural backgrounds in virtual urban park settings. The parks are a Persian garden (Shiraz, Iran) and a historical park in Zurich, Switzerland. The cultural background of the visitors is Persian and Central European. The repository contains raw data from EDA, processed time series and statistical procedures.

en: Electrodermal Activity (EDA) of Bi-cultural Visitors In Virtual Park Settings

en: sense-of-place place-attachment landscape electrodermal-activity urban-ecology

envidat

en: EnviDat: the Environmental Data Portal

envi

en: Environment

en:
Resource Title: 01. EDA Processed Data
    Size: 59757431 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5f6276bf-6e08-4432-bf3b-9c77672976ba/resource/758e86b4-fa9a-469f-8c19-6bc0210799e6/download/01_eda_processed_data.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 04. Scripts
    Size: 6091 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5f6276bf-6e08-4432-bf3b-9c77672976ba/resource/27eb8bfa-9dac-4705-b616-c2a077623c82/download/04_scripts.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 05. Visuals
    Size: 16568187 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5f6276bf-6e08-4432-bf3b-9c77672976ba/resource/fb5ff1a3-68da-4a4e-ab0e-d4675fbf33ca/download/05_visuals.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 00. EDA Raw Data
    Size: 61199195 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5f6276bf-6e08-4432-bf3b-9c77672976ba/resource/543ea671-79be-49bd-9b5f-b39526ffc271/download/00_eda_raw_data.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 03. Publication Ready Data
    Size: 979015 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5f6276bf-6e08-4432-bf3b-9c77672976ba/resource/d10a79a8-363f-4b20-8240-3e3e3e16b863/download/03_publication_ready_data.zip
    Description:

en:
Resource Title: 02. Questionnaire Data
    Size: 31084 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/5f6276bf-6e08-4432-bf3b-9c77672976ba/resource/64311577-59d4-49a6-85a2-dcd6a0f4a5f9/download/02_questionnaire_data.zip
    Description:

electrodermal-activity

display_name: electrodermal-activity

landscape

display_name: landscape

place-attachment

display_name: place-attachment

sense-of-place

display_name: sense-of-place

urban-ecology

display_name: urban-ecology


en:
Transport infrastructure such as **highways** are important corridors for the spread of invasive species. In this project, an automated detection and mapping of **two invasive alien plant species**  was developed and applied along highways in the **Swiss Central Plateau**, based on **artificial intelligence (AI, Deep Learning)**. The two target species are **tree of heaven *(Ailanthus altissima)*** and **narrow-leaved ragwort *(Senecio inaequidens)***.
The data is part of the project report and shows the mapping results in **interactive maps**. Technically speaking, these are **self-contained HTML files** that can be displayed with standard web browsers. To reduce the file size, the downloads are provided in zip format.
**Report**: [https://www.mobilityplatform.ch/de/research-data-shop/product/1690](https://www.mobilityplatform.ch/de/research-data-shop/product/1690)
**Project**: [https://www.wsl.ch/en/projects/automated-detection-of-invasive-alien-plants-along-highways/](https://www.wsl.ch/en/projects/automated-detection-of-invasive-alien-plants-along-highways/)

en: Automated detection of invasive alien plants along highways

en: automatic-detection computer-vision invasive-species biological-invasions plants artificial-intelligence

en:
Resource Title: Senecio_maxF1_Pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Size: 24847774 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1bf97970-cc9e-4101-aaf3-b47a3906e7a1/resource/ffd01a5d-4711-4bc7-b1fd-8afe0db89e50/download/senecio_maxf1_pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Description: Detected occurrences of Senecio inaequidens along highways on the Swiss Plateau. The number of image tiles in which the species was recognized is shown (Fig. 25 in the report). Image coordinates of the middle and side strips can be displayed separately in the interactive map.

en:
Resource Title: Ailanthus_frame_min3_Pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Size: 18185776 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1bf97970-cc9e-4101-aaf3-b47a3906e7a1/resource/26102858-9e76-41ac-b4b9-7e1a9f03dd02/download/ailanthus_frame_min3_pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Description: Detected occurrences of Ailanthus altissima along highways on the Swiss Plateau. To reduce false-positives, only images in which the species was recognized in at least three of 16 image tiles are considered as occurrences (Fig. 38 in the report). Image coordinates of the middle and side strips can be displayed separately in the interactive map.

en:
Resource Title: Ailanthus_maxF1_Pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Size: 18633094 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1bf97970-cc9e-4101-aaf3-b47a3906e7a1/resource/8a96b1cf-2d57-45f4-bc79-280dd5603f99/download/ailanthus_maxf1_pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Description: Detected occurrences of Ailanthus altissima along highways on the Swiss Plateau. The number of image tiles in which the species was recognized is shown (Fig. 23 in the report). Image coordinates of the middle and side strips can be displayed separately in the interactive map.

en:
Resource Title: Senecio_frame_min3_Pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Size: 21519085 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1bf97970-cc9e-4101-aaf3-b47a3906e7a1/resource/0b6a46c9-53e5-4420-a77a-883b2e4ac351/download/senecio_frame_min3_pts_strips_v2024.html.zip
    Description: Detected occurrences of Senecio inaequidens along highways on the Swiss Plateau. To reduce false-positives, only images in which the species was recognized in at least three of 16 image tiles are considered as occurrences (Fig. 40 in the report). Image coordinates of the middle and side strips can be displayed separately in the interactive map.

artificial-intelligence

display_name: artificial-intelligence

automatic-detection

display_name: automatic-detection

biological-invasions

display_name: biological-invasions

computer-vision

display_name: computer-vision

invasive-species

display_name: invasive-species

plants

display_name: plants


radiosondes

en: Radiosondes (Windsond, Sparv Embedded AB) were started in Davos Wolfgang (LON: 9.853594, LAT: 46.835577) to report height profiles of pressure, relative humidity and temperature at specific days. In addition to regular launches of radiosondes, sondes were attached to [HoloBalloon](https://www.envidat.ch/group/clouds-in-situ-raclets) to report the ambient conditions of the in-situ measurements. Further profiles of meteorological measures were recorded at [HoloGondel](https://www.envidat.ch/group/clouds-in-situ-raclets) which was installed at the gondola moving between Gotschnaboden and Gotschnagrat at 2285 m a.s.l.

en: Radiosondes

en: relative-humidity temperature holoballoon wind radiosonde pressure wind-direction raclets

envidat

en: EnviDat is the WSL data portal providing unified and managed access to environmental monitoring and research data. The portal has the capability to host and publish data sets. Through the sharing of unique and high-value data sets worldwide, EnviDat fosters research and contributes to advancing environmental science.

title_for_slug: radiosondes

en:
Resource Title: Radiosond Template Files
    Size: 123564 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f6c38c8c-ab20-43a6-ae37-82117733df96/resource/4c57e9a6-e0b8-430d-964a-710306dadf78/download/template.zip
    Description: The "template" files contain standard parameters, i.e. ambient pressure (mbar and Pa), temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), wind speed (m s‾ ¹) and wind direction (true deg), as well as additional information, e.g. time (UTC and local time), dew point (°C), mixing ration (g/kg), density (kg m³), altitude (m MSL), height above ground (ft and m AGL), and geographic coordinates (longitude, latitude). If the wind speed was zero, no wind direction is given.
The zip files contain ascents on the following days:
February 10 (morning and afternoon),
February 11 (morning),
February 16 (afternoon),
February 22 (morning),
March 1 (morning),
March 5 (morning),
March 11 (morning),
March 12 (morning),
March 13 (morning),
March 14 (morning),
March 17 (afternoon), and
March 18.
The data was managed with Windsond Receiver Application Demo Version 2.92, (C) Sparv Embedded AB 2016.

en:
Resource Title: Radiosond Sounding Files
    Size: 43199 bytes
    Format: application/zip
    URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f6c38c8c-ab20-43a6-ae37-82117733df96/resource/969c41f7-d197-45cc-8db2-259fedd02b9f/download/soundings.zip
    Description: The "soundings" radiosond data contains information on ambient pressure (mbar), temperature (C), relative humidity (%), wind speed (m s‾ ¹) and wind direction (true deg), and are ordered with respect to the height above ground (m AGL) with a step size of 20 m. The first line of each file idicates the geographic location and the start time (in UTC) of the ascent. If the wind speed was zero, no wind direction is given.
The zip files contain ascents on the following days:
February 10 (morning and afternoon),
February 11 (morning),
February 16 (afternoon),
February 22 (morning),
March 1 (morning),
March 5 (morning),
March 11 (morning),
March 12 (morning),
March 13 (morning),
March 14 (morning),
March 17 (afternoon), and
March 18.
The data was managed with Windsond Receiver Application Demo Version 2.92, (C) Sparv Embedded AB 2016.

holoballoon

display_name: holoballoon

pressure

display_name: pressure

raclets

display_name: raclets

radiosonde

display_name: radiosonde

relative-humidity

display_name: relative-humidity

temperature

display_name: temperature

wind-direction

display_name: wind-direction